Concepts of Emergency and trauma nursing
SBAR - answers--S= situation
B= background
A= assessment
R= response
Reasons people seek ED care -
... [Show More] answers--Abdominal pain chest pain breathing difficulty
injuries (especially falls)
headache
fever
pain (most common)
Triage - answers--Sorts/classifies patients into priority levels according to illness or injury severity.
Triage 3 types - answers--Emergent, urgent, and non-urgent.
Emergent - answers--Respiratory distress, chest pain, hemorrhage
Emergent (life-threatening) - answers--Crushing substernal chest pain, SOB, diaphoresis, active hemorrhage, unstable vital signs.
Urgent - answers--Abdominal pain, fractures, soft tissue injuries
Urgent
(needs quick treatment but is not immediately life-threatening) - answers--New onset of pneumonia as long as respiratory failure doesn't appear imminent, Renal colic, complex lacerations not associated with major hemorrhage, displaced fractures or dislocations, temp. >101°F, severe abdominal pain, and complex or multiple soft tissue injuries.
Nonurgent
(can wait several hours if needed without fear of deterioration) - answers--Simple fracture, Skin rash, strains/ sprains, and "cold" symptoms.
Mechanism of injury - answers--Blunt trauma, acceleration - deceleration forces, penetrating trauma, etc.
Signs of tension pneumothorax - answers--Decreased or absent breath sounds over affected side. Respiratory distress. Hypertension. Jugular vein distention. Tracheal deviation.
ABCDE - answers--Airway/cervical spine
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
ABCDE - answers--It's life-threatening conditions related to ABCD are identified during primary survey, interventions are started immediately and before proceeding to the next step of the survey.
Primary survey airway S/S - answers--Dyspnea,
inability to vocalize,
presence of foreign body in airway, and trauma to face or neck
Primary survey airway interventions - answers--Open airway using the job thrust maneuver.
Suction and/or remove foreign body.
Insert nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal airway.
Provide endotracheal intubation. [Show Less]