CNIM - ABRET Practice Exam 2024 Graded A+ Questions With 100% Correct Answers.
Cavities inside the skull - Answer Anterior/middle/posterior
... [Show More] fossa
Cranial bones - Answer Frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid (unpaired). Parietal &
temporal (paired).
Mental protuberance - Answer chin bone
MCA supply of the cerebral cortex - Answer Hand + face/mouth/auditory
Cranial nerves - Answer -12 pairs (Mixed fibers: sensory/motor/both).
-Emerge @ irregular intervals from the brain.
-Nuclei displacement:
Motor = medial Sensory = lateral
Meckle's Cave - Answer Depression in the medial middle fossa where CN V ganglion
sits
Low frequency sounds - Answer @ apex of cochlea
Area of spine w/ small pedicles, long spinous process, large inter-vertebral foramen -
Answer Thoracic
Neuroforamen - Answer Opening w/in the spinal canal for nerve roots to enter the
SC
Firm outer layer of the disc - Answer Annulus fibrosis
Syrinx - Answer Fluid-filled cavity @ center of the SC
Spinal cord ends @ the level btwn: - Answer L1-L2 vertebrae (Conus Medullaris)
Blood supply to the SC consists of: - Answer 1 ASA for both MEP tracts
Hydrostatic pressure - Answer Depends on body position
Structural functional anatomy may be altered by: - Answer Previous lesions, current,
plasticity, pressure
Glia cell - Answer Comes from the Greek word "glue"
Large diameter nerve fiber (vs. small diameter) - Answer -Recruited 1st w/ INC'd stim
intensity
-Higher conduction velocity
-More vulnerable to hypoxia & pressure Δ's
Synaptic transmission, and/or Δ's in thalamocortical projections, produce - Answer
Cortical potentials
CNIM - ABRET Practice Exam 2024 Graded A+
Questions With 100% Correct Answers.
Peripheral nerve sensitivity - Answer Least sensitive to injury (more sensitive = SC
grey/white mater, cortical grey matter)
Cavernous angiomas - Answer Multi-lobulated lesions containing hemorrhage
Geriatric population: prevalence of temporal bone hyperostosis - Answer 10-15%
Presbycusis - Answer High freq hearing loss; gradually occurs in older individuals
Most commonly injured CN - Answer Facial nerve (VII)
Burst fracture - Answer -Break in the vertebra
-Failure of anterior & middle vertebral columns
-Caused by violent compressive event (fall, MVA)
Excessive neck flexion in sitting position - Answer Quadraparesis (due to ischemia in
upper T-spine)
Lhermittes Sign - Answer Shocking sensation that occurs throughout the body during
neck flexion
Central Cord Syndrome (CCS) - Answer -Sacral sparing
-Loss of sensory/motor fx @ level of injury
-Disruption of grey matter
(+) Babinski Sign could indicate - Answer -severe [UMN] SC trauma
-abnml PTN SSEPs
Hoffman's Reflex (1918) - Answer Palmar flexion of the thumb when the distal
phalanx of the middle finger (of the same hand) is rapidly stroked
A nml curve of the lumbar spine taking place @ 1-2 y/o - Answer Kyphosis
Scoliosis progression in peds - Answer More likely in girls > boys
Apraxia - Answer Difficulty w/ skilled mvmnts
Neurapraxia - Answer PNS disorder: blockage of sensory + motor nerve conduction
(w/o axonal damage)
INC venous pressure leads to - Answer -venous congestion; DEC drainage of nml
veins; chronic hypoxia
-NOT hypotension
common source of air embolism introduction into the blood supply - Answer Superior
sagittal sinus
MAC is approximated by the effect of anesthesia on - Answer H-reflex (mvmnt when
stimulated)
Sevo/Des/N2O - Answer DO NOT act on the same neuronal receptors
On an equi-MAC basis (w/ equivalent doses of anes), which has the greatest effect
on MEPs of recorded mm's? - Answer N2O
N2O - Answer -synergistic IONM effects when mixed w/ Iso --> depressed IONM
-weak anesthetic agent
-causes ~75% DEC in SSEP amplitudes
Desflurane - Answer -affects NMJ --> enhances effect of NMBs
-no effect on MEP CMAPs
-eliminates most rapidly
Isoflurane 1.7% - Answer may result in burst suppression
TIVA MoA on pt mvmnt - Answer Glycine receptor blocking in the SC
Which is not a major MoA of the usual anesthetic agents that affect IONM? - Answer
Inhibition of nerve conduction velocity
EP modality most affected by propofol - Answer Mid-latency auditory response
Ketamine - Answer (NMDA antagonist)
-does NOT act @ GABA synapse
-desirable for peds <6-10 y/o + TCeMEP monitoring
-agent that least depresses SSEPs
-SSEP/MEP = INC amp
-EEG = INC beta
Propofol - Answer (GABA agonist)
-SSEP/BAER = INC latency
-EEG = slowing
Etomidate - Answer (GABA agonist)
-SSEP/MEP: INC amp
-EEG: slowing. [Show Less]