You may see a slight increase in diastolic blood pressure early in shock because:
A. Concurrent brain injury is present
B. Stroke volume has
... [Show More] increased
C. There is an increase in vascular tone
D. Left ventricular contractions have strengthened - correct answer C. There is an increase in vascular tone
A 62-year-old male patient with a remote history of rheumatic fever is admitted to the medical-surgical unit with the following symptoms:
Subjective: Shortness of breath, chest pain, syncope
Objective: Peripheral edema, neck vein distension, weight gain, cyanosis, hepatomegaly, bounding pulses, cardiac arrhythmia
Which of the following is most likely this patient's primary diagnosis?
A. Abdominal aortic aneurysm
B. Left heart failure
C. Aortic valve stenosis
D. Endocarditis - correct answer C. Aortic valve stenosis
You are caring for a patient who has been admitted to the hospital with an intestinal obstruction. All of the following are appropriate nursing interventions for this patient except:
A. Monitor hemodynamics closely
B. Educate the patient on enteral nutrition
C. Provide pain management as ordered
D. Prepare patient and family for surgical procedure and potential ostomy - correct answer B. Educate the patient on enteral nutrition
A patient is admitted to the hospital with severe pain, guarding, and rigidity of the abdomen. Labs indicate increased levels of amylase and leukocytosis. Cullen's sign is positive (bruising around the umbilicus, indicative of intra-abdominal bleeding) and the patient is showing some signs of respiratory distress. The patient has a history of alcohol abuse. Which of the following conditions is most likely to be diagnosed?
A. Alcoholic cirrhosis
B. Pneumonia
C. Acute liver failure
D. Acute pancreatitis - correct answer D. Acute pancreatitis
Your male patient, who has a diagnosis of chronic liver failure, has deficient vitamin K absorption. Which assessment findings indicate vitamin K deficiency?
A. Testicular atrophy and gynecomastia
B. Dyspnea and fatigue
C. Petechiae and ecchymoses
D. Ascites and orthopnea - correct answer C. Petechiae and ecchymoses
When performing an assessment on a patient with emphysema, you find that your patient has a barrel chest. The alteration in the patient's chest is due to:
A. Hyperinflation of the lungs
B. Use of accessory muscles
C. Chronic hypoxia
D. Collapse of distal alveoli - correct answer A. Hyperinflation of the lungs
Supination is defined as:
A. Turning a part toward midline
B. Turning a part away from midline
C. Turning upward
D. Turning downward - correct answer C. Turning upward
To confirm a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI), the nurse would expect the physician to order which laboratory tests?
A. Myoglobin, creatine kinase, and sedimentation rate
B. Creatine kinase, troponin, and sedimentation rate
C. Troponin, aPTT, and myoglobin
D. Troponin, myoglobin, and creatine kinase - correct answer D. Troponin, myoglobin, and creatine kinase
The structure that contains the vas deferens and all arteries, veins, and lymph vessels that supply the testes is the:
A. Epididymis
B. Prostate gland
C. Seminal vesicle
D. Spermatic cord - correct answer D. Spermatic cord
Which of the following is an example of an ACE inhibitor?
A. Amlodipine (Norvasc)
B. Metoprolol (Lopressor)
C. Amiodarone (Cordarone)
D. Captopril (Capoten) - correct answer D. Captopril (Capoten)
Regulatory centers in the brain respond to stimulation from sensory receptors. All of the following statements related to sensory receptors are true except:
A. Chemoreceptors respond to changes in pH, PaO2, and PaCO2
B. Stretch receptors prevent excessive distension of the lung
C. When PCO2 increases, a patient is triggered to breathe more rapidly
D. As pH rises, a patient is triggered to breathe more rapidly - correct answer D. As pH rises, a patient is triggered to breathe more
A patient with which of the following conditions would most typically be found sitting on the side of the bed, leaning forward, with an anxious expression?
A. Chronic bronchitis
B. Pleural effusion
C. Gastroesophageal reflux disease
D. Emphysema - correct answer D. Emphysema
Which of the following serve as the first line of defense against microorganisms, acting as phagocytes?
A. Granulocytes
B. Neutrophils
C. Basophils
D. Eosinophils - correct answer B. Neutrophils
The trachea branches into the right and left mainstream bronchi at the:
A. Cricoid
B. Apex of the pleural cavity
C. Apex of the diaphragm
D. Carina - correct answer D. Carina
Nephrolithiasis is:
A. Kidney stones
B. Always going to result in some degree of damage to the urinary tract
C. All of these
D. Masses of crystals and protein that obstruct blood flow - correct answer A. Kidney stones
Most cases of acute pyelonephritis are caused by:
A. Klebsiella invasion
B. Fungal or viral infections
C. Proteus invasion
D. Escherichia coli invasion - correct answer D. Escherichia coli invasion
Assessing for distention of the neck veins can best be completed:
A. With the patient sitting up at a 90-degree angle
B. With the patient's head elevated 30-45 degrees
C. With the patient in Trendelenburg position
D. With the patient lying prone in bed - correct answer B. With the patient's head elevated 30-45 degrees
In a patient with glomerulonephritis, an acute inflammation of the kidney, the nurse would anticipate all of the following laboratory findings except:
A. Proteinuria
B. Hematuria
C. Positive antibody test for streptokinase exoenzymes
D. Decreased sedimentation rate - correct answer D. Decreased sedimentation rate
The most common respiratory cause of death in the United States is:
A. Pneumonia
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
D. Status asthmaticus - correct answer C. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
The epidermis is composed of how many layers?
A. Five
B. Four
C. Two
D. Three - correct answer A. Five
The five layers of the epidermis include the stratum germinativum or basal layer (innermost layer), the stratum spinosum, the stratum granulosum, the stratum lucidum, and the stratum corneum (outermost layer).
Which of the following statements is true related to antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
A. It is synthesized by the posterior pituitary gland
B. It is stored in the anterior pituitary gland
C. It is synthesized in the hypothalamus
D. It is stored in the hypothalamus - correct answer C. It is synthesized in the hypothalamus
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is synthesized in the:
A. Hypothalamus
B. Pituitary gland
C. Pineal gland
D. Thalamus - correct answer A. Hypothalamus
What is the treatment for hyperparathyroidism?
A. Thyroid hormone replacement therapy
B. Spironolactone treatment
C. Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy
D. Surgical removal of the glands - correct answer D. Surgical removal of the glands
A nurse is caring for an elderly patient with congestive heart failure. The nurse keeps in mind that respiratory changes associated with aging include diminished effectiveness of gas exchange between alveolus and capillary walls leading to:
A. Thinning of pulmonary vasculature
B. An increase in pH and pCO2
C. Thinning of moist mucous membranes
D. A decline in pO2 and O2 saturation - correct answer D. A decline in pO2 and O2 saturation
The median age of onset of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is:
A. 15 years of age
B. 4 years of age [Show Less]