Ad hoc query
a "spur-of-the-moment" question.
centralized database
A database located at a single site.
data
Raw facts, that is, facts
... [Show More] that have not yet been processed to reveal their meaning to the end user.
data anomaly
A data abnormality that exists when inconsistent changes to a database have been made. For example, an employee moves, but the address change is corrected in only one file and not across files in the database.
data dependence
A data condition in which the data representation and manipulation are dependent on the physical data storage characteristics
data dictionary
A DBMS component that stores metadata- data about data. Thus, it contains the data definition as well as its characteristics and relationships. It may also include data that are external to the DBMS.
data inconsistency
A condition in which different versions of the same data yield different results
data independence
A condition that exists when data access is unaffected by changes in the physical data storage characteristics
data integrity
In a relational database, refers to a condition in which the data in the database is in compliance with all entity and referential integrity constraints
data management
A process that focuses on data collection, storage, and retrieval. Common functions include addition, deletion, modification, and listing
data processing (DP) specialist
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data quality
A comprehensive approach to ensuring the accuracy, validity, and timeliness of data
data redundancy
A condition that exists when a data environment contains unnecessarily duplicated data
data warehouse
Bill Inmon- an integrated, subject-oriented, time-variant, nonvolatile collection of data that provides support for decision making
database
A shared, integrated computer structure that houses a collection of related data. It contains two types of data: end-user data (raw facts) and metadata. The metadata consist of data about data, that is, the data characteristics and relationships
database design
The process that yields the description of the database structure. The process determines the database components. It is the second phase of the Database Life Cycle
database management system (DBMS)
Refers to the collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database
database system
An organization of components that defines and regulates the collection, storage, management, and use of data in a database environment
desktop database
A single-user database that runs on a personal computer
distributed database
A logically related database that is stored over two or more physically independent sites
enterprise database
The overall company data representation, which provides support for present and expected future needs
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
a metalanguage used to represent and manipulate data elements. Unlike others, it permits the manipulation of a document's data elements. It is designed to facilitate the exchange of structured documents such as orders and invoices over the Internet.
field
A character or group of characters (alphabetic or numeric) that defines a characteristic of a person, place, or thing. For example, a person's Social Security Number, address, telephone number, and bank balance
file
A named collection of related records
information
the result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning. It consists of transformed data and facilitates decision making.
islands of information
A term used in the old-style file system environment to refer to independent, often duplicated, and inconsistent data pools created and managed by different organizational departments
knowledge
The body of information and facts about a specific subject. It implies familiarity, awareness, and understanding of information as it applies to an environment. A key characteristic is that "new" can be derived from "old"
logical data format
The way in which a human being views data
metadata
Data about data, that is, data concerning data characteristics and relationships.
multiuser database
A database that supports multiple concurrent users
operational database
A database that is designed primarily to support a company's day to day operations.
performance tuning
Activities that make a database perform more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed
physical data format
The way in which a computer "sees" (stores) data
production database
The main database designed to keep track of the day to day operations of a company
query
A question or task asked by an end user of a database in the form of SQL code. A specific request for data manipulation issued by the end user or the application to the DBMS
query language
A nonprocedural language that is used y a DBMS to manipulate its data. An example is SQL.
query result set
The collection of data rows that are returned by a query
record
A collection of related (logically connected) fields
semistructured data
Data that have already been processed to some extent
single-user database
A database that supports only one user at a time [Show Less]