Chapter 011.Talaros Foundations in Microbiology Quiz Test Bank Q & A 2023 VERIFIED
Who has high resistance to microbes? correct answers endospores
... [Show More] (from Bacillus and Clostridium) and prions
Who has medium resistance to microbes? correct answers protozoan cyst, fungal sexual spore, naked virus
Who has low resistance to microbes? correct answers bacterial vegetative cells, fungal spores, hyphae, enveloped virus, yeast, protozoan trophozoites
Decontamination correct answers destroy a number of undesirable microbes
Sepsis correct answers growth of microorganisms in tissues
Asepsis correct answers prevent entry of microorganisms in tissues
Antiseptic correct answers chemicals to the body that destroy vegetative pathogens
Disinfection correct answers destroy pathogen on inanimate object
Sanitization correct answers remove microorganisms or debris from inanimate object
Degermation correct answers remove microorganisms or debris from living tissue
Sterilization correct answers remove of all viable microbes
Microbicidal (and microbicidal agents) correct answers agent that destroys a group of microorganisms (bactericide, fungicide, virucide, sporicide)
Microbistasis correct answers microbes in standstill (can't multiply but aren't killed)
(bacteriostatic and fungistatic mostly in body)
Microbial Load correct answers Number to start with (more takes longer)
Factors that affect death rate correct answers Load, nature of MO, temp, pH, concentration, mode of agent, presence of interfering solvents
Microbial Death correct answers permanent loss of reproductive capacity
Mode of action : Cell Wall correct answers 1. Disrupt intact cell wall - osmotic pressure - lysis
2. Block cell wall synthesis (Penicillin)
3. Digest exposed cell wall (Lysozyme)
4. Disrupt cell wall (detergents or alcohols)
Mode of action: Cell Membrane correct answers Amphipathic chemicals - disturb lipid bilayer - membrane not effective
-Good ions out / bad in
-surfactant reduces tension = bad
Mode of action : Protein / NA synthesis correct answers 1. Protein - block translation
2. NA - block DNA replication, transcription, cause mutation
Mode of action: Protein Funcition correct answers unfold, misfold, denature (break secondary and tertiary bonds) by coagulation with moist heat or chemicals, metal ions prevent active site and substrate
Temperature Above and Below Maximum correct answers ABOVE = microbicidal
BELOW = microstatic
Moist heat correct answers Hot water, boiling water, steam
Lower temperature (60-135), shorter exposure
Coagulate and denature proteins [Show Less]