What should the sterilizer access area pressure be? - correct answer Negative w/10 air exchanges per hour
What two steps are involved in
... [Show More] decontamination? - correct answer 1. Manual and/or automated mechanical cleaning
2. application of a thermal or chemical disinfection process
Define Cleaning... - correct answer The removal of contamination from an item to the extent necessary for further processing or for the intended use.
nosocomial infections are well documented and caused by... - correct answer poor or ineffective decontamination of instruments
What are Employee hazards in the decontamination process? - correct answer Technicians work with a large amount of 1) unidentified bioburden 2) wet enviornment 3) handling contaminated sharps 4) must know procedures for proper handling, equipment, cleaning/sterilization agents
How do you properly clean a device? - correct answer follow the device manufacturer's written instructions
What is the starting point in sterilization? - correct answer Cleaning
Define decontamination - correct answer The process of cleaning surgical instruments, patient care devices, and all involved surfaces in order to render areas and items safe for handling and/or further processing
What are physical safety hazards? - correct answer -good body mechanics -correct body techniques and posture for lifting, pushing, pulling, and reaching -should be alert and correct anything that is a potential injury -lifts to lift heavy supplies, available work material, adjustable chairs, padding on sharp edges, correct height tables -proper clothing can prevent injury
What is the weakest point of an instrument? - correct answer Box lock and jaws
What does the ABC system stand for? - correct answer A: large dollar amount items not used frequently
B: moderately priced and used frequently
C: items w/ low dollar value
What is just in time distribution? - correct answer Items are distributed to department by vendor no need for sterile storage or inventory control.
What are specialty/ procedure carts? - correct answer Carts placed in specific departments based on procedures
personalized to needs of departments easily accessible.
What is case cart distribution? - correct answer visually in specialty areas case carts are delivered to department case cart is specialized to departments needs
What is the exchange cart distribution? - correct answer Two identical carts are made one is out in the department and other stays in SPD
What is par level distribution? - correct answer There is fixed inventory and when items become low they are replenished from the stockroom per department/specialty
What is demand distribution? - correct answer An instrument/cart must be ordered in order to get it
What are the most common distribution systems? - correct answer 1) demand 2)par-level 3)Exchange 4)case carts 5) Specialty 6) Just in time
What is the air pressure of the sterile storage area? - correct answer positive air flows out
What is shelf life - correct answer period of time which a sterile item is considered safe to use
event related not time related
When are packs most vulnerable to contamination? - correct answer Immediately after sterilization
What is it when a sterilizer's ability is tested under worst case conditions? - correct answer Small load testing
What is it called when a sterilizer is tested for sterilization under actual use conditions? - correct answer Max load testing
How often is a Bowie Dick test ran? - correct answer Daily for dynamic air removal sterilizers
How much space should be between packages and chamber wall? - correct answer one inch
How should paper-plastic pouches be placed in a sterilizer? - correct answer plastic to paper or paper to plastic
tilted on side
How should basins be placed in a sterilizer? - correct answer on tilted side same direction
What should be placed on the bottom of the rack in a mixed load? - correct answer metal instruments
basin
other metal items
What should be placed on the top shelf? - correct answer textile packs and paper/plastic pouches
Textile packs should be placed how in a sterilizer? - correct answer sides
Solid bottom trays should be loaded now? - correct answer tilted on sides
How should mesh bottom containers be loaded into the sterilizer? - correct answer flat on rack
If packages are still moist when the sterilizer doors are open bacteria can do what? - correct answer wick through the package
How does steam sterilization occur? - correct answer by condensation
What cases are proven to have prions? - correct answer 1) neurosurgery
2) opthamology (eye)
When should a flash sterilizer be monitored? - correct answer Weekly with a biological and a class 5 or class 6 indicator
What can not be processed in an express cycle? - correct answer porous items
items with lumens
When should a flash sterilizer be used? - correct answer In an emergency; a one of a kind instrument is dropped
How are liquids sterilized? - correct answer only through gravity displacement liquid cycles
What occurs during the drying phase? - correct answer Dynamic Air Removal: Filtered air is drawn in achieve drying
Gravity: Heat in chamber evaporates moisture
*Approx.: 30 min. for both
What occurs during the exhaust phase? - correct answer steam is exhausted from the chamber drain line
What occurs during he sterilization/exposure/"holding phase"? - correct answer exposure temperature is maintained for the prescribed amount of time
What occurs during the conditioning phase of steam sterilizers? - correct answer Air is removed and steam is injected
Where should the bowie dick test be placed in a steam sterilizer - correct answer drain line
Where is the sterilizers heat-sensing thermometer located? - correct answer Drain- line
What provides heat inside the chamber and prevents condensation in a steam sterilizer? - correct answer the jacket
where is the dedicated steam supply made? - correct answer a boiler
Steam kills microorganisms by_______ the protein - correct answer denaturing (coagulation)
True/false
Removing as many microorganisms as possible before sterilization enhances the probability of microbial kill - correct answer true
What is the air exchange in sterile storage - correct answer 4 per hour
What is the suggested release temperature of packs? - correct answer 70 to 80 degree farenheit
How far from the floor should medical devices be stored? - correct answer 8-10 inches from the floor
How far should shelving be from outside walls? - correct answer 2 inches
What kind of pressure should the sterilization area be under? - correct answer positive
What is the coldest area of the sterilizer? - correct answer drain line
What are the three parameters of steam sterilization? - correct answer 1) Steam under pressure
2) time
3) Exposure/temperature
What are the two types of cycles in steam sterilization? - correct answer 1) dynamic air removal (pre-vac)
2) Gravity Displacement (immediate use)
What are the phases of the cycle? - correct answer 1)conditioning (air is removed)
2)sterilization/Exposure/ Hold (temperature is held)
3) Exhaust (steam out drain line)
4) drying (approx. 30 min.)
It takes a certain ______ to reach a certain ____________ - correct answer Pressure
temperature
What are the types of sterilization processes used? - correct answer 1) steam
2) EtO
3) Dry Heat
4) Gas plasma
5) Ozone
6) liquid chemical
What does a class on indicator respond to? - correct answer Only one parameter of the process
(ex.: autoclave tape)
Geobacillus steurothermophilus must be incubated at what temp.? - correct answer 132 degrees farenheit
What should the incoming saturated steam dryness be? - correct answer ideally 97% to 100% saturated steam
What should the sterility assurance level be? - correct answer 10^-6
When a new sterilizer comes in or relocated how many consecutive biologicals be ran in an empty sterilizer? - correct answer three
How many air exchanges should there be in the sterilization area? - correct answer ten
Class five responds to - correct answer all critical parameters
Class three responds to - correct answer single parameter respond to one chemical parameter
Biological monitors contain... - correct answer spores geobacillus stearothermophilus
The biological used for team, ozone, and pareacetic sterilization contains.... - correct answer Geobacillus Stearothermophilus
The biological used for EtO, gas plasma, and dry heat contains... - correct answer Bacillus atrophaeus
True/False
Adequate cleaning will lead to easier sterilization b/c it reduces present bioburden - correct answer true
When must a control biological be ran? - correct answer Daily or when a new lot number is present
When are biologicals placed for steam sterilization? - correct answer Coldest point (drain line)
Where do you place biologicals for EtO sterilization? - correct answer Approximately the center of the load
Where are biologicals placed for gas plasma sterilization? - correct answer First shelf back of chamber
If no microorganisms survived, the biological test is the positive or negative? - correct answer Negative
If microorganisms survive the biological test is considered positive or negative? - correct answer posititve
If bacteria lives what color does the biological turn? - correct answer yellow
When a BI tests positive you must... - correct answer Determine why it failed and recall everything from that cycle and reprocess it
Steam sterilizers should be monitors at a minimum of... - correct answer weekly
Each package ran through sterilizers should be labeled with what? - correct answer 1)lot number
2)date
3)cycle number
What must CSD comply with? - correct answer local and state regulations
What is decontamination? - correct answer contaminated items are rendered safe for handling by personnel who are not wearing protective attire
What does the EPA regulate? - correct answer EtO manufacturing and emissions, and labeling
What agencies govern central sterile departments? - correct answer -joint commission (JC)
-occupational safety (OSHA)
-Environmental (EPA)
-Food and Drug (FDA)
Is JCAHO a government agency? - correct answer no it is a volunteer organization
The standards of _____________ affect most areas of the health care facility. - correct answer Joint Commision
What should large items be lifted with? - correct answer If too large, then a lift must be used; if can be lifted with body use legs not back/arms
What can an incident report lead to? - correct answer Work practices that need improvement
What should be in an incident report? - correct answer -how the accident happened
-where/ when it occurred
-any witnesses
-medical treatment given
-any work time lost due to accident
-description of corrective actions to prevent the recurrence of the accident
When should an incident report for an accident/injury be reported? - correct answer immediately
What items can be disinfected? - correct answer -surgical instrumentation
-patient care equipment
-other medical devices from all areas of the institution
When is disinfection used? - correct answer When cleaning alone might not be enough to make an item safe for reuse or further handling without transmitting disease
Decontamination activites should not take place when - correct answer clean activities are being performed (prep, packaging, and sterilization)
What kind of containers should sharps be kept in? - correct answer impervious (puncture proof), and leak proof containers
Acrylic nails are... - correct answer prohibited because the support the growth of microorganisms
How long should fingernails be kept? - correct answer Short
Why should jewelry not be worn? - correct answer cannot be easily cleaned can catch on equipment causing injury
True/false
eyewash stations must be available in the decontam area and in areas where disinfectants are being used and a hands free operation - correct answer True
Is the use of PPE optional? - correct answer no
PPE must not... - correct answer permit blood or other potentially infectious materials to pass through or reach the employees work clothes, street clothes, undergarments, skin, eyes, mouth, or mucous membrane during the time of use
Individuals entering the area must... - correct answer wear PPE
traffic in the decontamination area must be restricted to? - correct answer individuals with job responsibilities in the area
Provisions for the cleaning of walls, vents, and drains should be made because... - correct answer to inhibit he growth of microorganisms in the traps, prevent insects, prevent emission of noxious odors
How should the work flow in decontamination? - correct answer clean to dirty areas with decontamination being the last area cleaned
Floors and work surfaces should be cleaned? - correct answer daily in accordance to the policies and procedures
How many air exchanges should there be in the decontamination area? - correct answer 10 per hour
Air should be exhausted where? - correct answer directly to the outside not recirculated
temp. and humidity should be monitored and documented daily, when it reaches above/below those standards what should you do? - correct answer the discrepancies should be reported to the SPD manager or supervisor
Negative air pressure should... - correct answer be drawn into the room
what helps control biofilm in pipes - correct answer Chlorination of water ad flushing of delivery systems
What are biofilms - correct answer Biofilms are microbial communities that are tightly attached [Show Less]