CAHIMS Glossary Exam Review
802.11x - >>A family of IEEE standards covering wireless technology.
Academic Health Center - >>Usually part of a major
... [Show More] university, a hospital or hospitals
co-located with medical, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry, and many other medical training
programs, along with a significant medical research infrastructure.
Access Control - >>The process of granting or denying specific requests to: 1) obtain
and use information and related information processing services; and 2) enter specific
physi- cal facilities (e.g., federal buildings, military establishments, border crossing
entrances). (Source: NIST.)
Accountable Care Organization (ACO) - >>A healthcare organization character- ized by
a payment and care delivery model that seeks to tie provider reimbursements to quality
metrics and reductions in the total cost of care for an assigned population of patients.
(Source: ATA.)
Acute Care - >>The diagnosis and treatment of early or presenting stages of a disease
or illness whose treatment is usually limited to a defined period of time. Presenting
symp- toms of acute illnesses often appear suddenly and can be severe. Pneumonia is
an example of a disease that may require acute care as a patient becomes feverish and
short of breath, requiring oxygen or even mechanical ventilation. Pneumonia is treated
with antibiotics and usually resolves within a week or two. See also chronic care.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) - >>A federal agency within the
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) with a mission to improve the
quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of healthcare for all Americans. Formerly
known as the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, AHRQ supports research
and technology assessment, including implementations of health information
technology.
All of Us Research Program - >>A cohort program within the Precision Medicine
Initiative (PMI) whose goal is to enroll 1 million Americans in a study of their genetic and
genomic information with patient healthcare and lifestyle data using the EHR and mobile
applications and sensors.
Alternative Payment Model (APM) - >>A payment approach that gives added incentive
payments to provide high-quality and cost-efficient care. APMs can apply to a specific
clinical condition, a care episode, or a population. (Source: CMS, https://
qpp.cms.gov/apms/overview/.)
Ambulatory Care Centers - >>Also known as outpatient care centers. Ambulatory care
centers of medical group practices have long been the mainstay for primary care
services where most patients go to see their primary care and specialty physicians for
routine care.
American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) - >>An organization whose mission is to
serve the public and the medical profession by improving the quality of healthcare
through setting professional standards for lifelong certification in partnership with
Member Boards. www.abms.org
American Health Care Act (AHCA) - >>Introduced to Congress as H.R. 1275 on March
1, 2017, the stated intention of which is to eliminate the individual and employer health
coverage mandates under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, to expand
beyond that Act the choices in obtaining and financing affordable health insur- ance
coverage, and for other purposes. On May 4, 2017, the United States House of
Representatives voted to pass the AHCA. It then moved to the Senate and on June 22,
2017, the Senate released the draft version of the Act entitled the Better Care Reconciliation Act of 2017. See Better Care Reconciliation Act of 2017.
American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) - >>A worldwide
association of 103,000 health information management (HIM) profession- als,
companies, and academic institutions with HIM programs. AHIMA aims to advance the
HIM profession in an increasingly electronic and global environment through leadership in advocacy, education, certification, and lifelong learning. Since March 2013, they
have administered the exam series to candidates pursuing Certified Healthcare
Technol- ogy Specialist (CHTS) certification. HIM professionals assist clinicians and
healthcare organizations with diagnosis and treatment coding, regulatory compliance,
information governance, and other important tasks. Healthcare IT technicians and
professionals work closely with HIM professionals in many areas including privacy and
security, documentation in electronic health records, reimbursement management, and
others.www.ahima.org
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) - >>In 2009, the Obama
Administration signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) or Stimulus Package into law. It contains billions of dollars in funding for science, engineering
research and infrastructure, as well as funding for education, social sciences, and the
arts. Its greatest relevance to informatics is its major investment in the implementa- tion
of electronic health records and support for comparative effectiveness research.
(Source: AMIA.)
Application Programming Interface (API) - >>An interface provided by a pro- gram that
makes it possible for other computer programs to interact with it. This inter- face is
defined by such things as data types, variables, routines, etc.
Application Service Provider (ASP) - >>Hosts a variety of applications on a central
server. For a fee, customers can access the applications over secure Internet
connections or a private network. This means that they do not need to purchase, install,
or maintain the software themselves; instead they rent the applications they need from
the ASP. New releases, such as software upgrades, are generally included in the price.
(Source: ATA.)
Audit Log - >>A chronological record of system activities. Includes records of system
accesses and operations performed in a given period. (Source: NIST.)
Assurance - >>Grounds for confidence that the other four security goals (integrity,
availability, confidentiality, and accountability) have been adequately met by a specific
implementation. "Adequately met" includes 1) functionality that performs correctly, 2)
sufficient protection against unintentional errors (by users or software), and 3) sufficient
resistance to intentional penetration or by-pass. (Source: NIST.)
Authentication - >>A method of verifying the identity of a person sending or receiving
information using passwords, keys, and other automated identifiers.
Better Care Reconciliation Act of 2017 - >>This Act (H.R. 1628) was made public on
June 22, 2017. It distinguishes itself from the American Health Care Act of 2017 in that
it eliminates the individual mandate, dispensing insurance subsidies via an incomebased system, and makes cuts to Federal subsidies for Medicaid over time. In addition,
it guarantees certain types of coverage for individuals with preexisting conditions. At the
time of this writing, the vote in the Senate is expected soon.
Bioinformatics - >>The application of biomedical informatics methods and techniques to
the study of how information is represented and transmitted in biological systems, with
an emphasis on molecular biology, genomics, and proteomics. (Source: AMIA.)
Big Data - >>As a sweeping generalization, there are two definitions of big data: a narrower definition and a broader definition. The narrower definition of big data focuses on
data tasks that conventional structured relational databases cannot easily handle. This
narrower definition, which is generally favored by the technical community, frequently
includes some discussion of Hadoop, MapReduce, NoSQL, or similar technologies that
can be employed to solve the problem of making large volumes of unstructured data
useful for analytical purposes. The broader definition of big data, favored by the press
and general public, encompasses data-intensive efforts irrespective of whether the data
are structured or not. (Source: HIMSS, www.himss.org/part-1-what-big-data.)
Bits Per Second (bps) - >>Number of electronic data bits conveyed or processed per
unit of time. (Source: ATA.)
Block Grant - >>A way of allocating money for state and local governments to use in
health programs.
Bluetooth Wireless - >>An industrial specification for wireless personal area networks
(PANs) that provides the means to connect and exchange information between devices
such as mobile phones, laptops, PCs, printers, digital cameras, and video game
consoles over a secure, globally unlicensed short-range radio frequency. The
specifications are developed and licensed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group
(www.bluetooth.com/ Pages/about-bluetooth-sig.aspx). (Source: ATA.)
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