Health and Ill Health general definition
complete physical, mental and social well-being, not just the absence of disease
Health and Ill Health
... [Show More] BIOMEDICAL definition
physical/biological factors, illness is a physical disease and health is the absence of disease
Health and Ill Health BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL definition
interaction of biological, psychological and social factors to enhance health and prevent disease
Health as a Continuum
health/ill health are two extremes with many in-between states
Stress
emotional response to situations of threat
Physical stressors
temperature, noise
Psychological stressors
life events, daily hassles
Physiological Stress Response
bodily symptoms; increased heart rate, sick, sweating
Psychological Stress Response
the emotion you feel when a stressor occurs
Perceived Ability to Cope
people react different to the same stressors due to perception of our internal and external coping resources
Addiction
complex mental health disorder, pleasurable despite harmful consequences
Physiological addiction
physical effects; withdrawal and tolerance
Griffiths 6 Components of Addiction
1. Salience (physical and psychological dependence)
2. Tolerence
3. Withdrawal
4. Relapse
5. Conflict
6. Mood alteration
HBM
explains why people engage/don't in healthy behaviour
1. perceived seriousness
2. perceived susceptibility
3. cost-benefit analysis
4. modifying factors (demographics variables, self efficacy etc)
HBM Evaluation
+ practical application, bowel/colon cancer
+ strong credibility, works irl
- not a single model
- assumes we are rational
HBM studies
Becker and Carpenter
LOC
internal: events under own control, take blame
external: outside own control, blame others
LOC evaluation
+Research, externals vulnerable to risks factors (AVTGIS)
+Practical Application, internal protects against stress (GALE)
-Limited role in health related behaviours, only current relevance
-Complex, internals can be stressed by unavoidable events (KRAUSE)
LOC 3 studies
Rotter (review into internal/external)
Abouserie (gender differences, Loc and self esteem link in students)
Krause (older adults w extreme internal/external=more stressful life events)
TPB
explain how people control voluntary behaviour
1. personal attitude (favourable/not for own behaviour)
2. subjective norms (being approved/disproved)
3. PBC (how much we believe we can control it)
TPB Evaluation
+Research, attitudes, norms and PBC influenced intentions thus alcohol consumption (HAGGER)
-Not full explanation, gambling behaviour of teens can't be explained by any (MILLER N HOWELL)
-ST vs LT, intention can't predict LT so not applicable to real life (McEACHAN)
TPB studies
Louis (TPB to explain health decision making)
Cooke (review links between TPB, intentions to consume n actual consumption of alcohol) [Show Less]