BIOS 256 A&P II - Final Exam (Best Guide for Exam Preparation) 2022/2023
What is the primary function of the respiratory system? - Bring in oxygen and
... [Show More] remove carbon dioxide
All of the following are structures found in the upper respiratory tract. - 1. Nares, or nostrils.
2. Nasal passages.
3. Pharynx, or throat.
4. Larynx, or voice box.
5. Trachea, or windpipe.
Which structure separates the left and right nasal passages? - The nasal septum.
* the nasal passages are located between the nares, or nostrils, and the pharynx, or throat.
What type of cells line the nasal passage ways? - Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
What are the functions of the nasal passages? - 1. Warming, internal temperature control.
2. Humidifying, humidification of air.
3. Filtering, filtration.
This area of the upper respiratory tract is the common passageway for both the respiratory system and the digestive system? - The Pharynx.
* the pharynx opens dorsally into the esophagus, digestive system, and ventrally into the larynx, respiratory system.
What is a single, leaf-shaped cartilaginous structure that projects forward from the ventral portion of the larynx? During swallowing, it is pulled back to cover the opening of the larynx to prevent food from entering the respiratory tract. - The Epiglottis
These structures of the larynx function to produce sound. - 1. The vocal cords.
2. The arytenoid cartilages.
Which is a structure of the respiratory system that is a short, wide tube that extends from the larynx into the thorax? - The Trachea
What structure is present in the trachea that prevents the trachea from collapsing in on itself as the animal inhales? - Hyaline cartilaginous rings
What is the term given to the area of the trachea where it divides into the left and right bronchi? - The bifurcation of the trachea
What are the parts of the lower respiratory tract? - 1. Bronchi.
2. Bronchioles.
3. Alveolarducts.
4. Alveoli.
The autonomic nervous system controls the smooth muscle fibers in the walls of the bronchial tree that are responsible for bronchodilation and bronchoconstriction. - True
What is the site of external respiration called? - The Alveoli
What term describes the area between the lungs? - Mediastinum
What muscle is an important respiratory muscle that is thin, dome-shaped, and forms the caudal boundary of the thorax? - The Diaphragm
The thorax is under what type of pressure? - Negative pressure
What is the process of pushing air out of the lungs which results in a decrease in the size of the thoracic cavity? - Exhalation and Expiration
Chemical control of the respiratory system in mammals is controlled by the amount of oxygen present in blood. - True
Requirements for digestion and absorption of foodstuffs vary depending on the diet of the animal ingesting it. - True
Animals with a simple stomach are known as? - Monogastric animals
Alveolar gas exchange occurs by what means of transport? - Simple Diffusion
What are functions of the digestive tract? - 1. Prehension, or grasping of food with lips or teeth.
2. Mastication, or chewing to mechanically grind & breakdown food.
3. Chemical digestion of food.
4. Absorption of nutrients & water.
5. Elimination of wastes.
What type of epithelial tissue lines the digestive tract from the junction of the esophagus and stomach through the intestines to the junction of the rectum and anus? - Simple columnar epithelium
What is the term given to the wavelike circular muscle contractions that propel digestive tract contents through the digestive tract? [Show Less]