Problem Set 1:
1. Know the parts, numbers and functions of the parts of the urinary system.
pair of kidneys
2 ureters -tubes that transport
... [Show More] urine from the kidneys to the bladder
a bladder -stores urine
a urethra -carries urine out of the body
Functions:
carry out fluid homeostasis filtration of wastes
homeostasis of blood volume and chemical makeup
2. Describe the shape, size and weight of a human adult kidney.
bean shaped that can be the size of a soup can that weighs about 5 ounces
3. Describe the location of the right kidney and why it lies lower than the left kidney.
The right kidney is lower than the left because the liver is located superior to the right kidney. It
lies in the lumbar region between T-12 and L-3 vertebra.
4. What is the kidney sinus and what is its importance?
Is the space within the kidney near the cleft (renal hilus). It is the entry point of the ureters, blood
vessels and nerves.
5. Identify the parts of the kidney shown in the diagram below.
1: renal cortex
2: renal medulla
3: adipose capsule
4: renal fascia
5: renal capsule
6: ureter
7: renal pelvis
8: renal vein/artery9: renal hilus
10: calyx
6. What are the names and functions of the three layers that surround the kidney?
1) innermost→ the renal capsule
made of collagen fibers, is tough to protect the it from injury and infection
2) middle→ the adipose capsule
fatty layer that protects the kidney from trauma
3) outermost→ the renal fascia
made of dense CT which keeps the kidney anchors to its surrounding structures
7. Name the 3 sections of the kidney and what structures are located in each.
1) cortex
-the outer renal cortex, inside the renal capsule is a continuous outer region with a number of
projections (cortcal columns) that extend down between the renal medulla pyramids.
- located in the cortex: glomerular capsule, and the distal and convoluted tubules and blood
vessels
2) the renal medulla
- contains: the loop of Henle, collecting ducts and vessels
3) the renal pelvis
-connects to the ureter and has extensions called calyces which collect urine.
8. Describe the structure and function of the renal pelvis.
- center-most section of the kidney is a funnel-shaped tube that connects to the ureter
-connects to the ureter and has extensions called calyces which collect urine.
9. What volume of blood per minute flows to the kidney and why is there such a large volume
flowing to the kidney?
About 1200ml per minute blood flows into the kidneys so that all the blood can be filtered.
10. Trace the flow of blood through the vessels of the kidney from renal artery into the
glomerulus and back to the renal vein [Show Less]