Vitamins - CORRECT ANSWER Organic compounds required in small amounts that regulate and support body processes
Essential vitamins - CORRECT ANSWER
... [Show More] Found in both plant and animal sources, and the majority cannot be synthesized.
Enrichment - CORRECT ANSWER Adding lost nutrients, from milling and processing, back into the final product.
Fortification - CORRECT ANSWER Supplementing a product with additional vitamins not normally found in the product
Fat-soluble - CORRECT ANSWER Dependent on dietary fat for absorption; stored in adipose tissue and liver.
Xeropthalmia - CORRECT ANSWER Abnormal dryness due to a vitamin A deficiency
Retinal - CORRECT ANSWER Helps the eyes adjust from bright to dim light.
Antioxidant - CORRECT ANSWER Inhibits oxidation via stopping substances (oxidants) from causing damage to cells.
Vitamin D - CORRECT ANSWER Vitamin and a hormone that regulates calcium levels and bone metabolism.
Rickets - CORRECT ANSWER Poor mineralization of bone due to inadequate calcium deposits. Characterized by bowed legs.
Osteomalcia - CORRECT ANSWER Inadequate calcium absorption and deposition in the bones of adults which leads to soft bones
Osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER With age, bone mass decreases, bones thin and become porous.
Vitamin E - CORRECT ANSWER Antioxidant, protecting cell membranes from free radicals.
Tocopherol - CORRECT ANSWER Chemical name of Vitamin E
Free radicals - CORRECT ANSWER Alter a cell's DNA, damage cell membranes, and increase the risk for cancer.
Vitamin K - CORRECT ANSWER Involved in the process of coagulation (blood clotting)
Water-soluble vitamins - CORRECT ANSWER Absorbed into the blood stream and easily dissolve in water.
Coenzymes - CORRECT ANSWER Small molecules that bind to inactive enzymes and, once bound, cause the enzyme to become active.
Bioavailability - CORRECT ANSWER The amount of a vitamin that is absorbed and available to the body. (high=50-90%)
Thiamin (B1) - CORRECT ANSWER Works with enzymes to promote metabolism of glucose. (converts carbs to energy)
Beriberi: - CORRECT ANSWER Thiamin-deficiency disease; loss of sensation in the hands and feet, muscular weakness, advancing paralysis, and abnormal heart action
Riboflavin (B2): - CORRECT ANSWER Antioxidant necessary for vitamin and mineral metabolism, and used during energy metabolism (requires oxygen).
Ariboflavinosis - CORRECT ANSWER Riboflavin deficiency (rare)
glossitis- inflammation of tongue
cheilosis- cracks around mouth
sun sensitivity
confusion
Niacin (B3) - CORRECT ANSWER Nicotinic acid or Nicotinamide.
Releases energy from carbohydrates, protein, and fats. Ca [Show Less]