Vitamins - correct answer Organic compounds required in small amounts that regulate and support body processes
Essential vitamins - correct answer
... [Show More] Found in both plant and animal sources, and the majority cannot be synthesized.
Enrichment - correct answer Adding lost nutrients, from milling and processing, back into the final product.
Fortification - correct answer Supplementing a product with additional vitamins not normally found in the product
Fat-soluble - correct answer Dependent on dietary fat for absorption; stored in adipose tissue and liver.
Xeropthalmia - correct answer Abnormal dryness due to a vitamin A deficiency
Retinal - correct answer Helps the eyes adjust from bright to dim light.
Antioxidant - correct answer Inhibits oxidation via stopping substances (oxidants) from causing damage to cells.
Vitamin D - correct answer Vitamin and a hormone that regulates calcium levels and bone metabolism.
Rickets - correct answer Poor mineralization of bone due to inadequate calcium deposits. Characterized by bowed legs.
Osteomalcia - correct answer Inadequate calcium absorption and deposition in the bones of adults which leads to soft bones
Osteoporosis - correct answer With age, bone mass decreases, bones thin and become porous.
Vitamin E - correct answer Antioxidant, protecting cell membranes from free radicals.
Tocopherol - correct answer Chemical name of Vitamin E
Free radicals - correct answer Alter a cell's DNA, damage cell membranes, and increase the risk for cancer.
Vitamin K - correct answer Involved in the process of coagulation (blood clotting)
Water-soluble vitamins - correct answer Absorbed into the blood stream and easily dissolve in water.
Coenzymes - correct answer Small molecules that bind to inactive enzymes and, once bound, cause the enzyme to become active.
Bioavailability - correct answer The amount of a vitamin that is absorbed and available to the body. (high=50-90%)
Thiamin (B1) - correct answer Works with enzymes to promote metabolism of glucose. (converts carbs to energy)
Beriberi: - correct answer Thiamin-deficiency disease; loss of sensation in the hands and feet, muscular weakness, advancing paralysis, and abnormal heart action
Riboflavin (B2): - correct answer Antioxidant necessary for vitamin and mineral metabolism, and used during energy metabolism (requires oxygen). [Show Less]