3 levels of scientific understanding - DPC
Description
Prediction
Control
Description - Systematic observations that can be quantified &
... [Show More] classified
Prediction - AKA: correlation; covariation
2 events may regularly occur at the same time. This does not mean one causes the other
Control - AKA: causation
Functional relation.
The highest level of scientific understanding.
Experimental demonstration that manipulating one event (IV) results in another event (DV).
6 attitudes of science
Philosophical assumptions of bx - DEER PP
Determinism
Empiricism
Experimentation
Replication
Parimony
Philosophical Doubt
Determinism - Cause & effect
Lawfulness
Orderly & predictable
Empiricism - Facts
Experimental, data-based scientific approach, drawing upon observation & experience.
Requires objective qualification & detailed description of events.
Experimentation - Basic strategy of most sciences.
Requires manipulating variables to see effects on DV.
Experiment to determine if one event caused another.
Replication - Repeating experiments
Parisomy - The simplest theory.
All simple & logical explanations must be ruled out first before complex explanations.
Philosophical Doubt - Having healthy skepticism & a critical eye
7 dimensions of ABA - BATCAGE or GET A CAB
Behavioral
Applied
Technological
Conceptually Systematic
Analytic
Generality
Effective
Behavioral - Observable events.
Must be a bx in need of improvement.
Applied - Socially significant bxs
Technological - Procedures clearly & precisely so they are replicable.
RECIPE
Conceptually Systematic - Procedures should be based on principles of ABA
Analytic - AKA: Functional Relation, Experimentation, Control, Causation
A functional relation is demonstrated.
Generality - AKA: Generalization
Extends bx change across time, settings, or other bxs
Effective - Improves bx in a practical manner
Mentalism Terminology - Hypothetical Constructs
Explanatory Fictions
Circular Reasoning
4 Branches of Behavior Analysis - CASE
Conceptual Analysis of Behavior
ABA
Behavior Service Delivery
Experimental Analysis of Bx (EAB)
2 types of bx - Respondent
Operant
Respondent Bx - AKA: Reflex, Reflexive Relations, Unconditioned, US-UR
Elicited
Involuntary
Reflex
Habituation
Habituation - Eliciting stimulus is presented repeatedly that respondent bx diminishes
Phylogenic - Bx that is genetic
Respondent conditioning - AKA: Classical Conditioning, Pavlovian Conditioning, S-S Pairing, CS-CR
When new stimuli acquire the ability to elicit respondents.
Operant Behavior - AKA: S-R-S, 3 term contingency, ABC
Emit/evoke
Bx whose probability is determined by its history of consequences.
Voluntary action.
Operants defined in terms of their relationship to controlling variables.
FUNCTION.
Encompasses both reinforcement & punishment.
Adaptation
Adaptation - Reductions in responding by repeated or prolonged presentation to antecedent stimulus.
Ontogentic - Learning that results from interactions with environment
Operant Contingency - AKA: Behavioral Contingency, Contingency, 3-term Contingency, ABC
The occasion for a response (SD), the response, & the outcome.
The dependency of a particular consequence on the occurrence of the bx.
Reinforcer or punisher is "contingent" on a bx
3-term contingency
ABC - What is the primary analysis in ABA?
Contiguity - When 2 stimuli occur close together in time, resulting in an association of those 2 stimuli.
3 Principles of Bx - PER
Punishment
Extinction
Reinforcement
All strategies are derived from these 3 principles.
applied - ABA is a(n) _______ science.
ABA - A scientific approach for discovering environmental variables that reliably influence socially significant bx & for developing a technology of bx change that is practical & applicable
Science - To achieve a thorough understanding of the phenomena under study (socially significant bxs)
Response - A single instance of bx.
Behavior - Larger set/class or responses that share physical dimensions or functions.
Response Class - A group of bxs that comprise an operant.
Operant: Response-consequence relationship. Similar bxs that are strengthened or weakened collectively as a result of operant conditioning.
Yes.
Can widely vary in form but are limited in topographical variations. - Can responses in the same response class look different?
Repertoire - 1. All bxs that an individual can do [Show Less]