What is the Golden hour --ANSWER- refers to the first hour after an injury until
definitive care at the Trauma Center
50% of mortality immediately after
... [Show More] injury, within the first hour. Most trauma
deaths occur immediately at scene and within the GOLDEN HOUR
How much time, in reality, do you have of the golden hour once a pt hits the
ED door --ANSWER- about 30 minutes, called platinum half hour
When someone has trauma, but they die later from it (within days to weeks)
what is it typically due to? --ANSWER- hemorrhagic shock- most common
Hypovolemic shock
What is the mneumonic for Hand-off to trauma team? --ANSWER- MIST
Mechanism of injury- need high index of suspicion for dx after getting MOI
Injuries found and suspected
Symptoms and signs
Treatment: Usually treat before definitive dx via tests!
Objectives of the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) --ANSWER1. initial evaluation of the trauma pt
2. Identify life threatening injuries and initiate tx
3. Stabilize the trauma pt
What is the mnemonic for history taking –
ANSWER- "SAMPLE"
Signs/Sx
Allergies
Medication
Past medical illness
Last meal
Event/Environment related to injury
Test that you give to all female pts of childbearing age? --ANSWER- BHCG
What are the complications of initial trauma? --ANSWER- hemorrhage,
acidosis, hypothermia, coagulopathy, hypoxia
Primary survey in a trauma situation --ANSWER- ABCDE
Airway maintenance with *c-spine restriction of spinal motion*
Breathing and ventilation
Circulation
Disability: Neurological status
Exposure/Environmental control
Gold Standard to get definitive airway --ANSWER- endotracheal intubation
What do you use if someone is presenting with tracheal injury, flail chest, or
sucking chest wound with decreased breath sounds? --ANSWER- insert a chest
tube (28-32 Fr)
Pneumonic for circulation and hemorrhage control
–ANSWER
- Direct pressure
Elevation
Pressure point
Tourniquet
aka DEPT
Hypovolemia tx in emergency situations --ANSWER- Start with two large bore
IVs (14-gauge catheter), one below and one above the site of injury
Infuse 1 liter of lactate ringers 3:1 ratio
What blood products do you have to give females of childbearing age --
ANSWER- O NEGATIVE! must be negative to prevent erythroblastosis fetalis
Describe the glasgow coma scale ratings --ANSWER- Scored between 3 and 15
with 3 being worst (dead) and 15 being best
Composed of: Best eye response, Best Verbal Response, Best Motor Response [Show Less]