Patients with a GSC of less than ___ usually require intubation. - 8
The "A" in ABCD stands for _______. - Airway maintenance with CERVICAL SPINE
... [Show More] PROTECTION
You should assume that any patient in a multisystem trauma with an altered level of consciousness or blunt injury above the clavicle has what type of injury? - Cervical spine injury
Flail chest is invariably accompanied by ______ which can interfere with blood oxygenation. - pulmonary contusion - do NOT over fluid resuscitate these patients!
Hypotension is caused by _____ until proven otherwise. - hypovolemia
When you don't have/can't get a blood pressure, what are three things to look for when evaluating perfusion. - 1. Level of consciousness (brain perfusion), 2. Skin color (ashen face/grey extremities) 3. Pulse (bilateral femoral - thready/tachy)
Elderly patients have a limited ability to ______ to compensate for blood loss. - increase heart rate
Resuscitation fluids should be warmed 39 degrees Celsius (102.2 F). Can you use a microwave to do this? - YES - for CRYSTALLOID ONLY (but NOT for blood products).
Urinary catheters are good for assessing renal perfusion and volume status. List 5 signs of urethral injury that might prevent you from inserting one. - Blood at urethral meatus, perineal ecchymosis, blood in scrotum, high-riding/non-palpable prostate, pelvic fracture
Which arm should you NOT put a pulse-ox on? - The arm with a blood pressure cuff on it
Name two anatomical things that can interfere with doing a FAST scan. - Obesity & intraluminal bowel gas
When should radiographs be obtained? - During the SECONDARY survey.
How do you get an ample patient history? - A=Allergies, M=Medications, P=PMH/Pregnancy, L=Last meal, E=Events/Environment of injury
Why might you want a Bair Hugger for a patient who smells of alcohol? - Vasodilation can lead to hypothermia
What things are you looking for when you do a DRE in a trauma? - Blood, high-riding prostate (in males), and sphincter tone
What should you do for every female patient? - Pregnancy test (females of childbearing age)
Adult patients should maintain UOP of at least ___ mL/kg/hr. Kids should have at least ___ mL/kg/hr. - Adults 0.5 mL/kg/hr, Kids 1.0 ml/kg/hr
Preventing hypercarbia is critical in patients who have sustained a _____ injury. - head
What two places would you LOOK at a patient if you suspect hypoxemia? - Lips and fingernail beds
Patients may be abusive and belligerent because of _____, so don't just assume it's due to drugs, alcohol, or the fact that they are just inherently a jerk. - hypoxia
Can a patient breathe on their own after complete cervical cord transection? - Yes, if the phrenic nerves (C3-C5) are spared. This will result in "abdominal" breathing. The intercostal muscles will be paralyzed though.
Can you use an OPA (Guedel) in a conscious patient? - No, it could make them vomit. An NPA (trumpet) would be okay.
Bougies are typically inserted blindly, how do you know you are in the trachea and not the esophagus? - You can feel the "clicks" as the distal tip rubs against the cartilaginous tracheal rings, or it will deviate right or left when entering either bronchus (usually at 50 cm). [Show Less]