Laboratory Tests
Blood Creatinine - Results from protein and muscle breakdown; only happens from kidney disease
Males- .6-1.2
Females-
... [Show More] .5-1.1
Laboratory Tests
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) - Results from the breakdown of protein in the liver;
Dehydration, infection, chemo, steroid therapy and reabsorption of blood in liver can affect; Elevated suggests kidney failure also liver probs
Normal 10-20
Laboratory Tests
Urinalysis - 24 hour urine collection--> creatinine, urea nitrogen, sodium, chloride, calcium, catecholamines, and proteins
Renal Diagnostic Procedures
Radiography - kidneys, ureters, bladder
structures --> renal calculi, strictures, calcium deposits, obstructions
Renal Diagnostic Procedures
CT Scan - 3 dimensional imaging--> kidney size, obstruction, cysts, or masses; can use IV contrast media to help
(media can cause acute kidney injury)
Renal Diagnostic Procedures
MRI - useful for staging cancer, similar to CT
aware of metal restrictions and having to lie still
Renal Diagnostic Procedures
Ultrasound - size of kidneys, images the ureters, bladder, masses, cysts, calculi, and obstructions
Renal Diagnostic Procedures
Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
Cystography, cystourethrography - urethral or bladder injury after contrast media in a urinary catheter to see bladder (cystography) and the ureters (cystourethrography)
Via x-ray during urination whether urine refluxes into ureters; media doesn't reach bloodstream or kidneys
Monitor for infection; Encourage fluid intake
Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Kidney Biopsy - sample of tissue
Sedation; NPO; Review Hgb and Hct values
Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Cystoscope, cystourethroscopy - discover abnormalities of bladder wall and/or occlusions of ureter or urethra
Anesthesia; Check for infection; NPO; laxatives/enema; Lithotomy position
Irrigate cath with .9% sodium chloride
Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Retrograde pyelogram, cystogram, urethrogram - obstruction or structural disorders of ureters and renal pelvis of kidneys with contrast media during scope
Find--> fistulas, diversticula, tumors
Same info as scopes
Renal Diagnostic Procedure
Renal Scan - Assess renal blood flow and estimates GFR after IV injection of radioactive material for kidney scans
Assess BP if given captopril during procedure; Ortho hypo; Encourage liquids; material not ne [Show Less]