What are specific considerations for adult clients, clients who are taking anticoagulants, and clients
who have fragile veins?
- avoiding tourniquets,
... [Show More] using BP cuff to visualize.
- no slapping
- hold their hand below the heart.
- avoid using the back of the hand
- avoid rigorous friction while cleaning site.
Infiltration - An IV that is pale, has local swelling, decreased skin temperature around the site, damp
dressing and slowed infusion is what complication?
Extravasation (infiltration of vesicant) - An IV is painful, burning, red and swelling what complication is
occurring?
- Stop the infusion and remove catheter
- elevate extremity
- encourage ROM
- apply a cold or warm compress depending on the solution infiltrated.
- check with the provider to determine whether they still need IV therapy. - What is the treatment for
infiltrated IV?
Fluid overload - A pt receiving IV solutions begins appearing with distended neck veins, hypertension,
tachycardia, SOB, crackles in lungs, and edema what complication is occurring?
- Stop the infusion and notify the provider
- follow facility protocol. (withdrawing the vesicant solution from the IV access and infusing an antidote
through catheter before removal.
- repeated treatment for infiltration. - what is the treatment for extravasation?
- What is the treatment for fluid overload?
- Slow IV rate or stop.
- raise HOB
- monitor VS & O2
- Adjust the rate after correcting fluid.
- anticipate administering diuretics
Phlebitis/thrombophlebitis - A pt with an IV appears edematous, erythema, throbbing, burning, or pain
at the site, increased skin temperature, red line, and slowed infusion
are s/s of what IV complication?
- promptly d/c the infusion and remove the catheter.
- elevate extremity
- apply a cold compress to minimize flow of blood, then warm to increase circulation.
- restart if needed.
- obtain a specimen for culture at site. - what treatments are there for phlebitis/thrombophlebitis?
- Rotate sites at least every 72 hours according to facility policy.
- Monitory IV sites using phlebitis scale
- avoid lower extremities
- use hand hygiene
- use surgical aseptic technique. - What are some ways to prevent thrombophlebitis?
Central nervous system stimulation - what type of medication would put a patient at risk for seizures
and precautions should be taken.
Central nervous system depression - what type of medication would require a patient to do not drive,
operate heavy machinery, or participate in other activities can be dangerous.
Anticholinergic drugs - what type of medications will require clients to increase fluids for their dry
mouth, wear sunglasses for photophobia, maintaining urinary habits, and avoid overheating.
Cardiovascular medications - What type of medications would make clients monitor for indications of
orthostatic hypotension (lightheadedness, dizziness).
- monitoring AST and ALT
- n/v
- jaundice
- dark urine
- abdominal discomfort
- anorexia
Primarily with acetaminophen. - A nurse should do what when giving medications that can create
hepatoxicity?
Primarily result of antimicrobial agents and NSAIDs.
- monitor creatinine and BUN
- peak and trough - What should the nurse monitor for drugs that cause nephrotoxicity?
Nephrotoxicity - Acyclovir, ahminoglycosides, cyclosporine, NSAIDs, amphotericin B are all medications
that can cause what?
Tyramine (cheese and processed meat) - Clients taking MAOIs should avoid food with what in it?
Chelating agent in milk. Should not take tetracycline within 2 hr of consuming dairy products. - Clients
taking tetracycline can interact with what?
Benzodiazepines: Sedative Hypnotic Anxiolytics - What kind of car does -pam drive?
Diazepam, Lorazempam, Chlordiazepoxide, Clonazepam.
Benzodiazepines - What class of medication inhibits effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the
CNS. Short term use due to dependence potential.
- CNS depression
- anterograde amnesia
- toxicity - What are complications when dealing with Benzodiazepines?
Benzodiazepines - - administer flumazenil for to counteract sedation and reverse adverse effects.
- monitor VS
- maintain patent airway
-maintain fluids for BP.
are nursing actions for what drug class?
Paradoxical response to benzodiazepines - - Insomnia
- excitation
- euphoria
- anxiety
- rage
are s/s of what response?
Withdrawal effects to benzodiazepines - - anxiety
- insomnia
- diaphoresis
- tremors
- lighteheadedness
- delirium
- HTN
- muscle twitching
- seizures
are s/s of what response?
- sleep apnea
- rep depression
- glaucoma - what are contraindications for benzodiazepines?
10 to 20 mcg/mL - What is the expected reference range (dosage) for phenytoin?
Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) - Nausea, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea are potential adverse reactions for
what vitamin supplements?
Nicotinic Acid (Niacin) - What vitamin supplements would present manifestations such as flushing,
dizziness, and nausea as adverse reactions?
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) - What medication causes mild GI s/e (n/v, abd pain, diarrhea), metallic taste and
drowsiness.
In severe cases a fever and/or a rash with hypersensitivity.
Clomiphene (Clomid) - What medication is used to promote follicular maturation and is used in
treatment of infertility? It would successfully show progressive follicular enlargement, followed by
conversion of the follicle to a corpus lute after ovulation occurs. Increases serum LH and FSH levels. [Show Less]