Question:
A tool for assessing risk factors for osteoporotic fractures is the:
FRAX
Explanation:
The FRAX calculator generates fracture risk based on
... [Show More] age, body mass index, parental fracture
history, use of glucocorticoids, presence of rheumatoid arthritis or secondary osteoporosis, and
tobacco and alcohol use. It has been validated for black, Hispanic, and Asian women in the USA
and has calculators that are country and continent specific. Duel energy x-ray absorptiometry,
DEXA, is the optimal standard for measuring bone density. BRAC1 is a gene that can mutate and
increase the risk of breast cancer. HAARM is the melanoma risk model.
Question:
Anserine bursitis arises from:
excessive running. Correctexcessive kneeling. Incorrectarthritis.trauma
Explanation:
Anserine bursitis arises from excessive running, valgus knee deformity, fibromyalgias, and
osteoarthritis. Prepatellar bursitis (“housemaid’s knee”) arises from excessive kneeling. A
popliteal or “baker’s” cyst arises from distention of the gastrocnemius semimembranous bursa
from underlying arthritis or trauma.
Question:
When examining the knee, which of the following symptoms could be indicative of a positive
Adduction (Varus) Stress Test?
Pain in the lateral joint
Explanation:
The Adduction (or Varus) Stress Test is a maneuver that evaluates the function of the lateral
collateral ligament. To perform this test, the knee is held in 30 degrees of flexion. With one hand
on the medial side of the knee and one hand on the ankle, an adduction force is gently applied. If
pain is noted in the lateral joint line, this could be indicative of a lateral collateral ligament tear.
When tenderness extends more to the proximal or distal joint line, the collateral ligament may be
the cause of pain instead of the meniscus.
Question:When assessing the knee, the examiner instructs the patient to straighten his knee. This motion
would assess knee:
Extension
Explanation:
Having the patient straighten his leg assesses extension of the knee. The examiner instructs the
patient to bend his knee. This maneuver assesses knee flexion. Internal rotation of the knee could
be elicited by having the patient swing his lower leg toward the midline while sitting. Instructing
the patient to swing his leg away from his midline while sitting assesses external rotation of the
knee.
Question:
When performing an examination of a tender left finger on an adult, the surrounding tissue
reveals warmth, edema, and redness. This finding could be suggestive of:
gouty arthritis
Explanation:
Redness, warmth, and edema over a tender joint suggest septic or gouty arthritis infection, or
possibly rheumatoid arthritis.
Question:
An example of a fibrous joint would be the:
Skull
Explanation:
The skull is an example of the fibrous joint. Examples of synovial joints include the shoulder,
knee, hip, wrist, distal radioulnar, elbow, and carpals. Vertebral bodies of the spine and the pubic
symphysis of the pelvis are examples of cartilaginous joints.
Question:
To palpate the medial meniscus, slightly internally rotate the tibia and palpate the medial soft
tissue along the:
upper edge of the tibial plateau
Explanation:To palpate the medial meniscus, slightly internally rotate the tibia and palpate the medial soft
tissue along the upper edge of the tibial plateau. The lateral meniscus is palpated on the lateral
joint line by placing the patient's knee in slight flexion. To palpate the tibiofemoral joint, face the
patient's knee and place the thumbs in the soft-tissue depressions on either side of the patellar
tendon.
Question:
A patient complains of a sharp burning pain in the neck and right arm with associated
paresthesias and weakness. These symptoms may be associated with:
Cervical radiculopathy [Show Less]