Anesthesia, Moderate Sedation, Pre
and Post Nursing Care Practice
Questions And Answers 2023
Updated Review
A nurse administered midazolam IV bolus
... [Show More] to a client before a procedure. His BP is
86/40 mm Hg, and his pulse is 134/min. Which of the following IV medications should
the nurse administer?
A. Naloxone
B. Morphine
C. Flumazenil
D. Atropine - Correct Answer-C. Flumazenil
Rationale: Flumazenil is the antidote for benzos, naloxone is the antidote for opioids,
morphine is given for pain and atropine treats bradycardia
A nurse is assisting an anesthesiologist in the delivery of nitrous oxide by face mask to
a client during the induction of anesthesia. Which of the following is the priority nursing
action?
A. Assess O2 saturation
B. Measure BP
C. Palpate pulse rate
D. Check temp - Correct Answer-A. Assess O2 saturation
Rationale: The greatest risk for injury during anesthesia is hypoxia, the priority action is
to maintain and ensure a patent airway
A nurse is caring for a client who develops malignant hyperthermia. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take? SATA
A. Infuse iced IV fluids
B. Provide 100% O2
C. Place cooling blanket on client
D. Treat complication while continuing surgery
E. Administer IV dantrolene - Correct Answer-A. Infuse iced IV fluids
B. Provide 100% O2
C. Place cooling blanket on client
E. Administer IV dantrolene
Rationale: Measures to cool down patient and maintain a patent airway is priority.
Administer IV dantrolene which is a muscle relaxant that treats malignant hyperthermia.
The procedure should be canceled immediately
A nurse is caring for a client who develops a systemic toxic reaction following a regional
block. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Monitor serum creatinine levels
B. Provide airway support
C. Turn client to the right side
D. Administer 0.9% sodium chloride 500 ml bolus - Correct Answer-B. Provide airway
support
Rationale: Systemic shock reaction casues CNS depression, priority action is to provide
airway support. ABGs should be monitored instead of creatinine, turning client would
not improve condition, fluid bolus would make it worse b/c hypertension is one of the
manifestations
A nurse is caring for a client who reports a headache following an epidural regional
nerve block. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Decrease the clients fluid intake
B. Apply pressure to the puncture site
C. Place head of bed flat
D. Instruct client to lie prone - Correct Answer-C. Place head of bed flat
Rationale: Client is experiencing a headache due to CSF leak. Increasing fluids would
help replace CSF loss, applying pressure to site will not stop leakage as CSF
composition is different from blood, keeping head of bed flat promotes dura tear to seal,
lying prone will worsen the headache
When is general anesthesia used? - Correct Answer-Major surgery
When complete muscle relaxation is required
What is local anesthesia? - Correct Answer-Loss of sensation w/o loss of
consciousness
Paralysis in a specific area of the body
What population is most susceptible to the effects of anesthesia? - Correct AnswerOlder adults
What can help control the incidence of adverse effects of anesthesia? - Correct AnswerCareful titration
What is the main priority in anesthesia patients? - Correct Answer-Airway patency
However, cardiac problems can arise much more quickly
Risk Factors for General Anesthesia - Correct Answer-Hx of malignant hyperthermia
Hypoventilation
Dysrhythmias
Altered cardiac output
Gastric contents (may cause aspiration)
Alcohol or substance use
Risk Factors for Local Anesthesia - Correct Answer-Allergy to ester anesthetics
(cocaine, procaine, tetracaine, chloroprocaine, & benzocaine)
Alterations in peripheral circulation
How is General Anesthesia administered? - Correct Answer-Injectable (benzos,
etomidate, proprofol, ketamine and short acting barbiturates [methohexital])
Inhalable (halothane, isoflurane and nitrous oxide)
What are inhalable anesthetics all mixed with? - Correct Answer-Oxygen
Which IV anesthetic is most commonly used? - Correct Answer-Proprofol (mechanical
ventilation, radiation therapy, and diagnostic procedures)
A client is to receive proprofol as an IV anesthetic. For what reason should the nurse
question the order?
A. Age 45
B. Female gender
C. Allergy to soybeans
D. O2 sat of 96 on room air - Correct Answer-C. Allergy to soybeans
Rationale: allergy to eggs and soybean oil are contraindications
How are inhalation anesthetics eliminated? - Correct Answer-Exhalation
~ depends on pulmonary ventilation and blood flow to lungs
A nurse is caring for a client post op who is coming off of inhalation anesthetics. What
actions should the nurse take to promote elimination of the anesthesia?
A. Guided imagery
B. Music therapy
C. Encourage deep breaths
D. Place compression stocking on client
E. Administer O2 - Correct Answer-C. Encourage deep breaths
E. Administer O2
What are the phases of General Anesthesia? - Correct Answer-Induction: initiation
Maintenance: performance of surgery and monitoring airway
Emergence: removal of devices
A nurse is caring for a patient who was given Fentanyl. For which adverse effects
should the nurse monitor for? SATA
A. Nausea/ vomiting
B. Constipation
C. Diarrhea
D. Urinary retention
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