Treatment for chronic bronchitis
(Ans-
-Chronic bronchitis is a type of COPD that is characterized by inflammation of the bronchi, causing excess
... [Show More] mucus; characteristics of chronic bronchitis include diagnosis after age 35, obesity, copious amounts of purulent sputum, elevated Hct level
-Treat with SABA (albuterol), inhaled anticholinergics (ipratropium)
-Normal Findings of Lungs: Lower lobes vesicular breath sounds (soft and low)
Upper lobes; Bronchial breath sounds louder
Actinic keratosis
(Ans-
-Older to elderly fair-skinned adults
-numerous dry, round, pink to red-colored, slow-growing lesions that do not heal
-lesions common on sun-exposed areas (cheeks, nose, face, arms, back)
-precancerous precursor of squamous cell carcinoma
-frequent sunburns as child places person at higher risk
-diagnosed with biopsy
-treat with cryotherapy (small number) or 5-FU(5% fluorouracil) cream (large number)
follow up with derm.
Seborrheic keratosis
(Ans-
-soft, round, wart-like fleshy growths on trunk (mostly on back)
-can range in color from light tan to black
-appear to be pasted on
-asymptomatic
-benign
Fingernail hematoma treatment
(Ans-
-Trephination - make hole in nail through drilling or piercing and allow blood to drain
Hypothyroid
(Ans-
-Primary - elevated TSH; low T4; low or normal T3
-Subclinical - elevated TSH; normal T4; normal T3
-Common cause is Hashimoto's (autoimmune) - Hashimoto and Hypo both have O
-Symptoms are variable - may include fatigue
-Treatment - levothyroxine (Synthroid) daily in AM on empty stomach
-Starting dose of levothyroxine (Synthroid) is 25-50mcg
-Check TSH every 6-8 weeks to monitor treatment
Hyperthyroid
(Ans-
-Primary - low TSH; high T4; normal or high T3
-Subclinical - low TSH; normal T4; normal T3
-Most common cause is Grave's Disease (autoimmune) - Grave and Hyper both have R
-Common symptoms - female; rapid weight loss; increased heart rate; tremors; sweating; irritability; anxiety; hyperactivity; insomnia; diarrhea; amenorrhea; hypertension; exophthalmos; heat intolerance; goiter
-Treatment - Propylthiouracil (PTU); Methimazole (Tapazole); Radioactive iodine (causes hypothyroid for life, contraindicated in pregnancy)
-Thyroid Storm (thyrotoxicosis) - acute worsening of symptoms; may be caused by stress or infection; look for LOC, fever, abdominal pain; life-threatening; immediate hospitalization needed [Show Less]