Anatomy | Anatomy Final Study Guide Levels of organization (simple to complex) chemical/molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
... [Show More] Functions of bone marrow to produce RBC in adults (skeletal system), has megakaryocytes that produce platelets, and lymphocytes Anatomical position body is standing upright, facing forward, with the arms at the sides and palms of hands facing forward (anterior) Supine position lying on back, facing upward Prone position lying face down Anatomical Planes of the Body Sagittal- Divides into Left/ Right (nose) Transverse- Divides into Superior/ Inferior Frontal- Divides Anterior/ Posterior Posterior (dorsal) cavity cranial cavity (brain) and spinal cavity (spinal cord) Anterior cavity (ventral cavity) thoracic cavity (pleural cavity): R & L lung pericardial cavity: surrounding the heart Abdominal cavity contains digestive glands and organs Pelvic cavities contain urinary bladder, reproductive portion, peritoneal cavity Functions of plasma membrane physical isolation, regulation of exchange with the environment, sensitivity to changes in the environment, structural support, selective permeable Diffusion (passive transport) Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Osmosis (passive transport) water moves from low concentration to high solute concentration Primary active transport requires energy in the form of ATP, move substances against a concentration gradient. NaK pump Pinocytosis (active transport) transportation of extracellular fluids Pseudostratified columnar epithelium trachea: mixture of cell types that include ciliated tissue, moves mucous. found in resp system & male reproductive organs Microvilli and their function small and finger like shaped, increase surface area to facilitate absorption of extracellular material Hypothalamus hormones ADH, oxytocin, regulatory hormones Pituitary gland hormones LH, FSH, GH, TSH, ACTH, Prolactin, MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone), Oxytocin, ADH Thyroid gland hormones Thyroxine (T4) Triiodothyronine (T3) Calcitonin (CT) Medulla hormones- adrenal glands epinephrine and norepinephrine [Show Less]