AGNP BOARD EXAM QUESTIONS Hematology Assessment ( 24 Questions)
Question:
If a newborn develops a cephalohematoma, the newborn is at an increased risk
... [Show More] for:
infection.
jaundice. Correct
caput succedaneum.
erythema toxicum.
Explanation:
Cephalohematomas are characterized by bleeding between the bone and the
periosteum. Because of breakdown of the red blood cells within a hematoma, the
infants are at greater risk for jaundice. They do not increase the risk for infections.
Caput succedaneum is an edematous area on the head from pressure against the
cervix. Erythema toxicum is a benign rash of unknown cause that consists of blotchy red
areas.
Question:
A twelve-month-old was recently diagnosed with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
(AIDS). The mother asks the nurse practitioner: "How could my child have acquired
AIDS?" The best response from the nurse practitioner should be that: "Children under
two years of age usually acquire AIDS:
by sharing car seats with an HIV infected toddler."
because the child may have been sexually abused by someone who was HIV
positive."
perinatally through an HIV infected mother." Correct
through casual contact with an HIV infected individual in a day care center."
Explanation:
Perinatally is the acquired mode for infants. Children usually over five years of age
acquire AIDS through sexual abuse. HIV does not survive in the environment and there
is no evidence to date to support the fact That AIDS is acquired through casual contact
or by sharing car seats with HIV infected seats.
Question:
Which ethnicity is associated with glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G-6-PD)
deficiency?
American Indian
black Correct
Asian
Hispanic
Explanation:
Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency is a condition in which red
blood cells break down when the body is exposed to certain drugs (aspirin, antimalaria
drugs) or the stress of infection. G-6-PD is most prevalent in people of Mediterranean
and African descent, and specifically common in Saudi Arabian, African, and black
patients.
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AGNP BOARD EXAM QUESTIONS HEMATOLOGY ASSESSMENT
Question:
The blood lead level that requires further testing and monitoring in children is:
3 mcg/dL.
5 mcg/dL. Correct
7 mcg/dL.
9 mcg/dL.
Explanation:
In children, a blood lead level of 5 mcg/dL or 0.24 µmol/L or greater requires further
testing and monitoring. The source of lead must be found and removed. A lead level
greater than 45 mcg/dL or 2.17 µmol/L in a child's blood usually indicates the need for
chelation.
Question:
Which of the following foods contains the LEAST amount of folic acid?
Dairy Correct
Green leafy vegetables
Liver
Fruits
Explanation:
Dairy foods such as cheese, milk and yogurt do not contain folic acid unless they have
been specifically fortified to include this vitamin. Foods high in folic acid include green
leafy vegetables, meat from animal sources, fruits, nuts, liver, and foods containing
yeast.
Question:
Which assessment finding is consistent with pernicious anemia?
Facial palsy
Nuchal rigidity
Priapism
Peripheral neuropathy Correct
Explanation:
Pernicious anemia is associated with B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 deficiency may lead to
nerve damage attributable to pathology in the peripheral and optic nerves, posterior
and lateral columns of the spinal cord (subacute combined degeneration), and in the
brain. This can cause tingling and numbness in the hands and feet, muscle weakness,
and loss of reflexes. Patients may feel unsteady and experience equilibrium problems
and ataxia. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause weakened bones and may lead to hip
fractures. Vitamin B 12 deficiency does not cause facial palsy; however, vitamin B12 has
been used in the treatment of Bell's Palsy. Nuchal rigidity and priapism are not
associated with vitamin B12 deficiency.
Question:
The infant with the lowest risk of developing elevated levels of bilirubin is the one who:
is feeding poorly or whose feedings are delayed for several hours.
has developed a cephalhematoma.
is the second birth to an Rh negative mother.
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breast feeds within the first hour of life. Correct
Explanation:
The infant who is fed early will be less likely to retain meconium and reabsorb bilirubin
from the intestines back into the circulation. Additionally, lack of adequate intestinal
flora hinders excretion of conjugated bilirubin so by feeding soon after birth, this speeds
up the development of bacteria and creation of good intestinal flora. The other choices
are all examples of situations that increase the risk for jaundice in the newborn.
Question:
Patients who develop pica have a deficiency in:
folic acid.
lead.
magnesium.
iron. Correct
Explanation:
Pica is characterized by an appetite for substances that are nonnutritive, such as ice,
starch, or clay. This finding is associated with iron deficiency anemia. Note: Pica is
considered an eating disorder in the DSM-5 criteria.
Question:
Which of the following symptoms is associated with iron deficiency anemia?
Atrophic glossitis Correct
Oral candida
Melanoglossia
Transient lingual papillitis
Explanation:
Atrophic glossitis occurs when a large number of papillae are lost, resulting in changes
to the tongue’s color and texture. This type of glossitis typically turns the tongue dark
red and is a symptom of iron deficiency anemia. Oral candida is a white paste on the
tongue. The most common type of oral candida is Candida albicans fungus.
Melanoglossia is a medical condition in which the tongue becomes blackened. This is
usually caused by a bacterial infection or allergic reaction. Transient lingual papillitis is a
common painful inflammatory condition affecting one or several fungiform papillae on
the tongue.
Question:
Folic acid deficiency is an example of which type of anemia?
Normocytic
Macrocytic Correct
Microcytic
Hemolytic
Explanation:
Macrocytic anemia is characterized by larger than normal red blood cells. Vitamin B12
and folate deficiencies are examples of macrocytic anemias. Normocytic anemia is
caused by acute blood loss, chronic disease, or failure to produce adequate red blood [Show Less]