SHRM CP 2023
Freedom of Association - Answer-Right for workers to unite to promote desired
employment conditions as a group
4 Layers of Diversity - Ans... [Show More] wer-1. Personality
2. Internal Dimensions
3. External Dimensions
4. Organizational Dimensions
Summary Offense - Answer-Gross misconduct in which no prior warnings are required
for termination so long as a proper investigation and hearing was preformed
3 reasons to approach diversity as a strategic initative - Answer-1. To make it a priority
2. To allow for its complexity
3. To address organizational resistance to change
Structural Org - Answer-look at how the org is helped or hindered by its structure
Interventions include movement of decision making authority,
mergers/acquisitions/divestitures
Interpersonal Org - Answer-focus on work relationships between employees
Process/Technological Org - Answer-focus on activities such as work flow and
departmental coordination
Most critical piece of effective performance management - Answer-Clarity of
performance standards
For effective information management, a balance must be struck between: - AnswerOpenness and security
Porter's 3 Successful generic strategies - Answer-1. Cost Leadership
2. Differentiation
3. Focus
2 functions of an HR audit - Answer-1. Help management understand what is happening
in HR
2. Allow HR to determine which programs should be eliminated or enhanced
Zero based Budgeting - Answer-Everyone's budget starts at zero and departments must
present a case on how their budget will help the org's goals. Each department is then
given a priority rating
Incremental budgeting - Answer-aka line item budgeting, is based on the prior year's
budget being increased by a set percentage
According to Goleman, what leadership attribute separates good leaders from great
leaders? - Answer-Emotional intelligence
4 T's that help an org increase global mindsets - Answer-Travel, Teams, Training, &
Transfers
Trait Engagement - Answer-The inherent personality-based elements that predispose
an individual to being engaged
Primary goal of supply analysis - Answer-Obtain a snap shot of the current talent pool
Primary focus of organizational development - Answer-Managing change and disrupting
the status quo
Pull Learning - Answer-a continuous process where training is pulled seamlessly
through computers anywhere, at anytime
Behavioral Engagement - Answer-The effort employees put into their jobs - occurs
when both Trait & State engagement are in place
Exempt status salary minimum - Answer-Exempt individuals must make a minimum of
$455/week
ADA applies to companies with X number of employees - Answer-15
Upside risk - Answer-Provides an opportunity that arises out of uncertainty of outcomes
(i.e. an early completion date)
What does Reservation mean in the context of diversity and inclusion? - Answer-laws
mandate a percentage quota or other special considerations for specified minority
groups or ethnic communities, is often based on the concept that historic national
discrimination against a given minority requires counterbalancing favorable "affirmative
actions."
Cultural determinism - Answer-the idea that all human actions are the product of culture,
which denies the influence of other factors like physical environment and human biology
on human behavior
Short Term Assignee - Answer-An assignee that goes to another country for a period of
less than 1 year without moving family
Globalist - Answer-Someone that spends their entire career on international
assignments
Repatriate - Answer-One who returns from assignment
International Assignee - Answer-Traditional expat
Just in time Assignee - Answer-Ad hoc, contract assignees
E-Procurement - Answer-use of electronic communications and transaction processing
when buying (or contracting for/tendering) supplies and services
Leader vs. Manager - Answer-Manager - Plans activities, organizes resources, directs
tasks
Leader - Models group values, challenges the status quo, inspires & motivates others
Trait Theory of Leadership - Answer-Leaders are assigned based on inherent
personality personalist traits, wisdom, & political skills
+ Some traits do commonly appear with leaders
- No proven correlation of success
- Discourages the development of leadership skills
Behavioral School of Leadership & key behaviors - Answer-Leaders influence through
certain behaviors:
1) Consideration - employee centered (meeting the social and emotional needs of the
group)
2) Initiating Structure - Job oriented (focus on task goals)
Blake & Mouton's Managerial (Leadership) Grid - Answer-Behavioral leadership model,
designed to explain how leaders help organizations to reach their purposes
Blake-Mouton's Team Leader Definition - Answer-lead by positive examples &
encouragement
Blake-Mouton's Authoritarian Definition - Answer-do what you're told, not foster
collaboration
Blake-Mouton's Country Club Definition - Answer-avoid discipline to protect
relationships
Blake-Mouton's Impoverished Definition - Answer-delegate & disappear
Blake-Mouton's Middle of the Road Definition - Answer-get work done, but are not
leaders
Situational Leadership - Answer-Leaders can flex behaviors to meet the needs of
unique situations based on employee maturity
1) Relationship Behavior - support employees psychologically
2) Task Behavior - provide guidance on task completion
Hersey and Blanchard's situational leadership theory - Answer-Telling - used when
employee lacks KSAs
Selling - used when employee is capable of task, but requires explanation
Participating - used when employee is capable, but manager supports brainstorming
Delegating - used when employee no longer needs support
Fielder's Contingency Theory - Answer-Situational leadership theory that states a leader
is most effective when the leader's skills match task & team needs creating "situational
favorableness"
situational favorableness is based on what key factors - Answer-the degree to which a
particular situation either permits or denies a leader the chance to influence the
behavior of group members
1) Leader-member relations are strong
2) Task structure & requirements are clear
3) Leader can exert the power needed to reach the group goal
Path-Goal Theory of Leadership - Answer-A situational leadership theory in which a
leader performs the behavior needed to keep the team on track towards their goal
Types of "path-goal theory" leadership behaviors (4) - Answer-1) Directive - define the
task/goal
2) Supportive - fulfill relationships & remove obstacles
3) Achievement - Motivate by setting challenging goals
4) Participative - control work & leverage group expertise through participative decision
making
Emergent Theory of Leadership - Answer-A leader gradually & naturally emerges &
exerts influences over others
Belbin's model of solo & team leadership - Answer-Solo Leadership - Interferes in
everything, expects leaders to conform, collects "yes men," directs member activities,
sets objectives
Team Leadership - delegates team roles, embraces diverse styles, encourages
constructive disagreement, develops growth, creates vision
Authentic Transformational Leadership (4 key ideas) - Answer-1) Power - formal &
informal leaders arise at all org levels & they exercise their power by empowering others
2) Orientation - think in long term visions rather than short term results
3) EI - self awareness
4) Ethical Grounding - model & encourage org values
Strong vs Weak HR - Answer-Strong - develop & coach others, build positive
relationships, model values, have functional expertise
Weak - Focus internally vs. externally, lack long term perspective, don't anticipate or
adjust to change, resist "stretch" goals
Universal (Non)Leadership Characteristics - Answer-Universal Leadership
Characteristics
- Trustworthy, just, honest, foresight, encouraging, dynamic, motivator, confidence
builder, dependable, win-win problem solver
Universal Non-Leadership Characteristics
- Loner, asocial, indirect, noncooperative, irritable, egocentric, dictatorial
Influencing - Answer-Relying on one's power to change other's perspectives
Types of Power - Answer-- Legitimate: hierarchy/title
- Reward: offer of value
- Expert: knowledge or experience
- Referent: personality, loyalty, admiration
- Coercive: threat of punishment
Tactics of Influence - Answer-- Reasoning: explaining your view logically with examples
- Vision/Value: when evidence is unavailable, appeal to a shared vision
- Relationships: enlist allies via existing networks
- Reciprocity: banking "favors" for future use
Ways to build trust - Answer-- Common values: helps overcome a sense of "otherness"
- Aligned Interests: navigates cross cultural relations via a common goal
- Benevolence: having genuine concern of others
- Capabilities of Competence: follow through
- Predictability & Integrity: "walks the talk"
- Communication: promote 2 way communication
4 ways to use emotions - Answer-1) perceiving emotions
2) using emotions to facilitate thought
3) understanding emotions
4) managing emotions
5 components of Emotional Intelligence Quotient - Answer-1) Self Awareness
2) Self Regulation
3) Motivation/Passion
4) Empathy
5) Social Skills/Intelligence
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