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HESI Anatomy and Physiology
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HESI A2 Math and A&P
HESI A2 Math and A&P 1. 474 + 2038 = A. 2512 B. 2412 C. 2521 D. 2502 2. 32,788 + 1693 = A. 33,481 B. 32,383 C. 34,481 D. 36,481 3. 3703... [Show More] – 1849 = A. 1954 B. 1854 C. 1974 D. 1794 4. 4790 – 2974 = A. 1816 B. 1917 C. 2109 D. 1779 5. 229 × 738 = A. 161,622 B. 167,670 C. 169,002 D. 171,451 6. 356 × 808 = A. 274,892 B. 278,210 C. 283,788 D. 287,648 7. Round to the nearest whole number: 435 ÷ 7 = A. 16 B. 62 C. 74 D. 86 8. Round to the nearest whole number: 4748 ÷ 12 = A. 372 B. 384 C. 396 D. 412 9. Report all decimal places: 3.7 + 7.289 + 4 = A. 14.989 B. 5.226 C. 15.0 D. 15.07 10. 4.934 + 7.1 + 9.08 = A. 21.114 B. 21.042 C. 20.214 D. 59.13 11. A newborn weighs 8 pounds 5 ounces. There are 453.59 grams per pound. What is the infant’s weight in grams? A. 2268 grams B. 3629 grams C. 3770 grams D. 3856 grams 12. What temperature in Fahrenheit is 50° Celsius? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is necessary, round to the nearest whole number.) 122° F 13. A nurse works in a military hospital from 1300 to 2000. What time of day does this nurse work? a. Early morning to early afternoon b. Lunch time to midnight c. Early afternoon to bedtime d. Midnight to sunrise 14. A nurse is reviewing the daily intake and output (I&O) of a patient consuming a clear diet. The urinary drainage bag denotes a total of 1,000 mL for the past 24 hours. The total intake is: 2 8-oz cups of coffee 1 16-oz serving of clear soup 1 pint of water consumed throughout the day How much is the deficit in milliliters? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is necessary, round to the nearest whole number.) 440 15. A woman received a bottle of perfume as a present. The bottle contains ½ oz of perfume. How many milliliters is this? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is necessary, round to the nearest whole number.) 15 16. The metric system of measurement was developed in France during Napoleon’s reign. It is based on what multiplication factor? a. The length of Napoleon’s forearm b. 2 c. 10 d. Atomic weight of helium 17. How many meters are in a kilometer? (Enter numeric value only.) 1000 18. How many grams are in a kilogram? (Enter numeric value only.) 1000 19. To convert pounds to kilograms, what factor is used? A. 2.2 B. 0.334 C. 10 D. 22 20. A teacher’s aide is preparing a snack for the class. In order to prepare the powdered drink, the aide must convert the directions from metric. The directions say, “Dilute contents of package in 2 liters of water.” The aide has a measuring device marked in ounces. How many ounces of water should be used? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.) 66.7 21. How many milliliters are in 1 liter? a. 30 b. 10 C. 100 D. 1,000 22. There are 2.54 cm in an inch. How many centimeters are in 1 foot? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is necessary, round to the nearest whole number.) 30.48 23. A seamstress is measuring a model for a new dress. The tape measure is marked in centimeters. The seamstress needs to convert that measurement into inches. If the model’s waist measurement is 65.4 cm, what is the conversion in inches? a. 25.74 inches b. 166.12 inches c. 32.50 inches d. 17 inches 24. How many centimeters in a millimeter? A. B. 1 C. 10 D. 100 25. How many centimeters in a meter? A. B. 10 C. 100 D. 1,000 26. A news website allows subscribers to download news articles in different languages. The average number of downloads per day for some of the languages are as follows: English: 5 articles, 150 downloads French: 2 articles, 50 downloads Chinese: 1 article, 75 downloads Japanese: 3 articles, 25 downloads How many articles are downloaded each day? 1000 27. A hospital day staff consists of 25 registered nurses, 75 unlicensed assistants, five phlebologists, six receptionists and office staff, and 45 physicians. One summer day the staff was at only 68% strength. How many people were working that day? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is necessary, round to the nearest whole number.) 106 28. A farmer raises chickens for eggs and meat. Any chicken that does not lay at least one egg a week is moved to the slaughterhouse. The farmer has 765 chickens that can lay one egg each day. Each day 80% of the chickens lay eggs. How many eggs does the farmer collect each day? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is necessary, round to the nearest whole number.) 612 29. Over the past week, 34 baby boys were born at the hospital. This was 54% of all babies born. How many girls were born over the past week? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is necessary, round to the nearest whole number.) 29 30. The doctor tells the patient to cut back on coffee. The patient usually has four 8-oz cups of coffee per day. If the doctor told him to cut back by 25%, how many ounces of coffee can the patient have each day? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is necessary, round to the whole number.) 24 31. Ratio and proportion: 0.8:10 :: x:100 A. x = 0.8 B. x = 8 C. x = 80 D. x = 800 32. Add: 9.98 + 0.065 = A. 10.63 B. 10.045 C. 1.0063 D. 998.065 33. Add: 6 + 12.55 + 5.022 = A. 18.55 B. 23.572 C. 30.025 D. 16.475 34. Add: 23.5 + 7.025 = A. 30.525 B. 30.5 C. 30.025 D. 16.475 35. Subtract: 32.21 − 4.68 = A. 14.59 B. 27.53 C. 1.459 D. 31.742 36. Subtract: 15.7 − 9.8 = A. 6.1 B. 8.96 C. 5.9 D. 4.30 37. Subtract: 10.012 − 0.120 = A. 10 B. 9.012 C. 10.122 D. 9.892 38. Multiply: (7.2)(0.34) = A. 14.12 B. 0.234 C. 7.64 D. 2.448 39. Multiply: (99)(0.56) = A. 99.30 B. 99.56 C. 55.44 D. 199.54 40. Multiply: (88)(7.08) = A. 862.5 B. 88.040 C. 64.252 D. 623.04 41. Multiply: 375 × 2.3 = A. 862.5 B. 750 C. 225.75 D. 1125 42. How many ounces are in 2 quarts? A. 8 ounces B. 16 ounces C. 32 ounces D. 64 ounces 43. A shopper spends $75.64 at one store and $22.43 at the next store. The shopper started out with $100.00. How much money does the shopper have left? A. $1.93 B. $5.00 C. $0.72 D. $20.13 44. A worker is filling out his timesheet. He worked 8 hours on Monday, 7 hours and 30 minutes on Tuesday, 8¾ hours on Wednesday, 4 hours on Thursday, and 8¼ hours on Friday. If he earns $14.35 per hour, what will be his gross pay for this week? (Enter numeric value only. Round your answer to the nearest penny.) 15 45. An accountant counts his money and finds that out of 35 bills, 20% are $1 bills, 43% are $5 bills, 6% are $10 bills, and 31% are $20 bills. How many $5 bills does the accountant have? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is necessary, round to the nearest whole number.) 15 46. What number in Arabic numerals is Roman numeral MCMXLIV? (Enter numeric value only.) 1,944 47. 28.19 – 9 = A. 28.1 B. 18.19 C. 27.29 D. 19.19 48. Karen goes to the grocery store with $40. She buys a carton of milk for $1.85, a loaf of bread for $3.20, and a bunch of bananas for $3.05. How much money does she have left? A. $30.95 B. $31.90 C. $32.10 D. $34.95 49. Round your answer to the tenths place: 0.088 × 277.9 = A. 21.90 B. 2.5 C. 24.5 D. 24.46 50. Round your answer to the hundredths place: 28 ÷ 0.6 = A. 46.67 B. 0.021 C. 17.50 D. 16.8 Anatomy and Physiology 1. What mineral is responsible for muscle contractions? A. Chloride B. Sodium C. Calcium D. Magnesium 2. In which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found? A. Thoracic cavity B. Mediastinum C. Abdominal cavity D. Pelvic cavity 3. What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity? A. Diaphragm B. Mediastinum C. Liver D. Lungs 4. Which of the following epithelial types is correctly matched with its major function? A. Simple squamous epithelium—secretion or absorption B. Stratified squamous epithelium—changes shape when stretched C. Stratified squamous epithelium—diffusion D. Simple columnar epithelium—secretion or absorption 5. A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on internal surface of stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, no blood vessels in the tissue. What type of tissue is this? A. Epithelial B. Connective C. Muscle D. Cartilage E. Nervous 6. Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as which of the following? A. Osteoblasts B. Neuroglia C. Osteocytes D. Arterioles 7. Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs? A. Epithelial B. Connective C. Nervous D. Muscle 8. What is the basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs? A. Atom B. Organelle C. Cell D. DNA 9. Which type of cell division takes place in the gonads? A. Mitosis B. Meiosis C. Binary fission D. Asexual division 10. In what area of the body would you expect to find an especially thick stratum corneum? A. Back of the hand B. Heel of the foot C. Abdomen D. Over the shin 11. What are the glands of skin that produce a thin, watery secretion? A. Sebaceous glands B. Eccrine glands C. Apocrine glands D. Endocrine glands 12. Skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of the body by participating in the production of which of the following? A. Sebum B. Keratin C. Vitamin A D. Vitamin D 13. Which of the following are functions of the skeletal system? (Select all that apply.) A. Support the body B. Hemopoiesis C. Conduct impulses D. Provide protection 14. The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus. What is he describing? A. Epiphysis B. Articular cartilage C. Perichondrium D. Diaphysis 15. You have been given a sample of tissue that has open spaces partially filled by an assemblage of needlelike structures. What is the tissue? A. Spongy bone B. Compact bone C. Cartilage D. Adipose tissue 16. Which of the following bones is the only moveable bone of the skull? A. Maxilla B. Zygomatic C. Lacrimal D. Mandible 17. Which mineral is responsible for regulating fluid in the body? A. Chloride B. Sodium C. Calcium D. Magnesium 18. Why are skeletal muscles also called voluntary muscles? A. They are under conscious control. B. They are attached to the skeleton. C. They use ATP to energize contraction. D. They are striated in appearance. 19. All actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses over which of the following? A. Neuroglia B. Efferent pathways C. Afferent pathways D. Neurons 20. Which are the functional units of the kidney? A. Ureters B. Glomeruli C. Nephrons D. Renal capsules 21. What are the two functions of the male and female sex organs? A. Production of all cells and production of hormones B. Production of interstitial cells and production of hormones C. Production of gametes and production of hormones D. Production of gametes and production of interstitial cells 22. In men, spermatozoa develop within the of each testis. A. Seminiferous tubules B. Vas deferens C. Ejaculatory ducts D. Bulbourethral glands 23. Testicular activity is under the control of which hormone(s)? A. FSH B. LH C. GH D. Both FSH and LH 24. Which hormone initiates the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy? A. FSH B. Estrogen C. LH D. Progesterone 25. During pregnancy, what organ produces the hormones that maintain the endometrium and prepare the breasts for milk production? A. Placenta B. Uterus C. Cervix D. Corpus luteum [Show Less]
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HESI ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
HESI ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1. Skin responsible for finger prints? Dermal papillase Markel cells Amectors pili Sudoriferous gland 2. What type of s... [Show More] ynovia joint is the elbow? Pivot Hinge Ball and socket Toddle 3. Where is blood produced in infants after birth? Heart chamber Red bone marrow 4. What structure is a ball and socket joint? Elbow Ankle Shoulder Knee 5. What are macromolecules genetic code carried on? Nucleotide Chromosomes DNA RNA 6. What cavity of heart has the thickest wall? Right atrium Left atrium Right ventricle Left ventricle 7. What are like cells grouped together called? Membrane System Organ Tissue 8. Which type of skin cancer can be recognized in lesion character based on the ABCD rule? Melanoma Basal cell caranoma Sarcoma Square all carcua 9. What contributes phagocytes in white blood cells? ER Lysosomes Vocuole Golgi appearance 10. Which organ is part of male reproductive system and urinary system? Epididermis Ureter Testis Urethra 11. Which structure regulates the transport substances in and out of the cell? Cell membrane Cell’s cytoplasma Nucleus membrane Cell plasma 12. What is function of thrombocytes? Blood clot 13. Which bones are formed by intramembranous ossification? Flat bone 70. Where does digestive begin in digesive system? Small interestine Oral cavity Asophagus Sternum 14. Urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs are found in which cavity? Pelvic Abdominal Thoracic Pleaure 15. Which anatomic structure houses the malleus, inus, and staples? Ear 16. Anaerobic respiratory can lead to a burning sensation caused by which molecules? [Show Less]
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HESI Anatomy and Physiology Questions and Answers
HESI Anatomy and Physiology Questions and Answers Which of the following statements is anatomically correct? A. The knee is distal to the ankle. ... [Show More] B. The heart is inferior to the diaphragm C. The his is proximal to the knee D. The wrist is proximal to the elbow If you wanted to separate the abdominal cavity for the thoracic cavity, which plane would you use? A. Sagittal B. Transverse C. Frontal D. Coronal You have been given a sample tissue that has pillar shaped cells arranged tightly together. The tissue you have is: A. Squamous Epithelium B. Cuboidal Epithelium C. Columnar Epithelium D. Transitional Epithelium The epidermis is classified as a(n): A. Cell B. Tissue C. Organ D. System The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus. What area is he describing? A. Epiphysis B. Articular cartilage C. Perichondrium D. Diaphysis Going for superior to inferior, the sequence of the vertebral column is: A. Sacral, coccyx, thoracic, lumbar, and cervical B. Coccyx, sacral, lumber, thoracic, and cervical C. Cervical, lumbar, thoracic, sacral, and coccyx D. Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx Which of the following is true of skeletal muscle? (select all that apply) A. Skeletal muscle comprises 10% of the body’s weight. B. Skeletal muscle attaches to bones by tendons C. Muscle contraction helps keep the body warm D. Skeletal muscles continuously contract to maintain posture. If an impulse is traveling from a sense receptor toward the spinal cord, it is traveling along what type of neuron? A. Motor neuron B. Sensory neuron C. Interneuron D. Bipolar neuron What does the parathyroid hormone regulate? A. Magnesium B. Calcium C. Calcitonin D. Glucocorticoids Where are the pressoreceptors and chemoreceptors (specialized sensory nerves that assist with the regulation of circulation and respiration) located? A. Circle of willis B. Cerebral arteries C. Abdominal aorta D. Carotid artery Bile is secreted into which organ? A. Liver B. Small intestine C. Large intestine D. Stomach What is the role of progesterone in the female reproductive system? A. Stimulates ovulation B. Conversion of the follicle to the corpus lutem C. Stimulates the development of the endometrium D. Stimulates the start of menstruation What mineral is responsible for muscle contractions? A. Chloride B. Sodium C. Calcium [Show Less]
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HESI Anatomy and Physiology (Questions with Answers and Explanations
HESI Anatomy and Physiology (Questions with Answers and Explanations) 1. What is a clear, watery fluid found in the anterior and posterior chambers of th... [Show More] e eye? a. Vitreous humor b. Ciliary body c. Lacrimal gland d. Aqueous humor Answer: D Rationale: Aqueous humor is a clear, watery fluid similar in composition to blood plasma and is commonly found in the anterior and posterior chambers. The posterior cavity, located dorsal to the lens, contains the (A) vitreous humor, a thick, clear, gelatinous fluid. The (B) ciliary body is the structure of the eye that releases the aqueous humor. The lacrimal gland continually secretes tears which moisten, lubricate, and protect the surface of the eyes. 2. What is/are correct about the aqueous humor? a. It balances absorption and pressure in the anterior chamber b. It is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary bodies c. Inability to circulate freely can cause elevated intraocular pressure that may led to vision loss. d. All of the above Answer: D Rationale: All three choices describes how the aqueous fluid form and circulate in the eye. Inability of the fluid to be absorb could develop into an increased intraocular pressure (normal is 20-25 mmHg) that may lead to blindness when the pressure is transmitted to the vitreous humor, where it damages retinal neurons. 3. Their primary role is to combat effects of histamine in allergic reactions, phagocytize antigen- antibody complexes, and destroy certain parasitic worms. a. Neutrophil b. Lymphocytes c. Eosinophil d. Basophil Answer: C. Rationale: Eosinophils are especially important in defense against parasitic infections. They are also implicated in numerous inflammatory processes, especially allergic disorders. (A) Neutrophils are capable of phagocytosis, or destruction of bacteria. (B) Lymphocytes offer mediate immune responses, including antigen -antibody reactions. (D) Basophil liberate heparin, histamine, and serotonin in allergic reactions that intensify overall inflammatory response. 4. When a person is seen walking in heels, the ankle is described as being in what position? a. Plantar flexion b. Dorsiflexion c. Eversion d. Abduction Answer: B. Rationale: Dorsiflexion decreases the angle between the dorsum of the foot and the leg. (A) Plantar flexion is the movement which decreases the angle between the sole of the foot and the back of the leg, like ballerinas dancing. (C) Eversion is a turning outward or inside out, such as a turning of the foot outward at the ankle. (D) Abduction refers to a motion that pulls a structure or part away from the midline of the body. 5. Which of the following statements best illustrates a correct anatomical position? a. Standing erect without moving b. Standing up with palms held unnaturally forward with thumbs pointing away from the body c. Standing up with palms held unnaturally forward with thumbs pointing towards the body d. Both standing and lying down without moving Answer: B Rationale: A correct anatomical positon is similar to the description provided in choice A, ie, "standing at attention", however is less comfortable because the palms held unnaturally forward with thumbs pointing away from the body. 6. A frontal section divides the body into: a. Right and left parts b. Anterior and posterior parts c. Midsagittal and median section d. Superior and inferior parts Answer: B Rationale: Frontal or coronal plane divide the body into front and back (also called dorsal and ventral or posterior and anterior) sections. Choice A describes the sagittal or lateral plane. Choice C explains that the plane may be in the centre of the body and split it into two halves (mid- sagittal). Choice D refer to transverse planes, also known as the axial or horizontal planes, are parallel to the ground and divide the body into top and bottom parts. The top and bottom sections also called the superior and inferior section s or the cranial (head) and caudal (tial) sections. Bone structure and functions 7. Which of the following is seen mostly inside the epiphyses of each long bone? a. Yellow marrow b. Cartilage c. Spongy bone d. Compact bone Answer: C Rationale: A typical long bone has epiphyses which are at the ends of the bone, and consist of internal spongy bone covered by an outer layer of compact bone. Yellow marrow, which is mainly made up of fat cells, are found inside a hollow medullary cavity of the tubular bone shaft. 8. Which of these statements describe the trochanter? a. Small rounded projection or process b. Raised area on or above a condyle c. Large rounded projection and may be roughened d. Very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process Answer: D Rationale: Trochanter is a very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process (examples are on the femur). Choice A describes a tubercle. Choice B describes an epicondyle. Choice C describes a tuberosity. 9. Which of the following statements are true about bone markings? a. Bone markings are projections, depressions and openings found in the surface of the bones. b. They serve as sites of muscle, ligament and tendon attachment c. The openings serve as passages of blood vessels and nerves d. All of the above Answer: D Rationale: Bone markings are projections, depressions, and openings found on the surface of bones that function as sites of muscle, ligament, and tendon attachment, as joint surfaces, and as openings for the passage of blood vessels and nerves. 10. In order to achieve normal bone growth and development, the following factors are essential. Which is not included in the list? a. High fat diet b. Growth hormone c. Sex hormones d. Vitamins A, C, and D Answer: A Rationale: Having a high fat diet has nothing to do with bone growth and development. Growth hormones stimulates division of cartilage cells in the epiphyseal disks, thereby lack or excess of these hormones could result to dwarfism or gigantism. Sex hormones promote formation of bone tissue. Vitamin A is necessary for osteoblast and osteoclast activity during normal development, Vitamin C is required for collagen synthesis, and Vitamin D is necessary for proper absorption of calcium in the small intestine. In the absence of this vitamin, calcium is poorly absorbed, and the inorganic salt portion of bone matrix lacks calcium, softening and thereby deforming bones. 11. A person who suffered a traumatic injury in the inguinal area is most likely to die due to hemorrhage because of a severed a. Femoral artery b. Popliteal artery c. Carotid artery d. Brachial artery Answer: A Rationale: The femoral artery is a large artery in the thigh and the main arterial supply to the lower limb. Popliteal artery (Choice B) is located in the knee and the back of the leg. Carotid artery (Choice C) is located in the neck. Brachial artery (Choice D) is a major blood vessel of the upper arm. 12. Which of the following is correct about the epicardium? a. It is the pacemaker of the heart b. It lines the heart chambers c. It is the visceral epicardium d. It is also known as the parietal pericardium Answer: C Rationale: The inner part of the pericardium that closely envelops the heart is, as stated, the epicardium; it is also called the visceral pericardium. The pacemaker of the heart is the sinoatrial node (A). The endocardium is the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart (B). The parieteal pericardium is the outer layer of the pericardium which is a conical sac of fibrous tissue that surrounds the heart and the roots of the great blood vessels (D). 13. The clinical instructor instructed the nursing student to palpate the carotid artery. Which of the following statements describe that the nursing student has located the carotid artery correctly? a. Halfway between the shoulder and elbow, in the middle of the inner arm, between the bicep and triceps muscles. b. Upper neck between the sternomastoid and trachea roughly at the level of cricoid cartilage. c. The inner thigh, at the mid-inguinal point, halfway between the pubic symphysis and anterior superior iliac spine d. In front of the tragus of the ear and up along the temple. [Show Less]
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HESI ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY SOLUTION
HESI ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1. The pulse point located behind the knee is palpated over which artery? Popliteal 2. Part of the body Facing forward-... [Show More] Anterior 3. ……ABCD of cancer? Melanoma {The most dangerous form of skin cancer} 4. Which of the following statements best describe endocrine glands? They secrete chemicals into the blood 5. Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system & the urinary system? Urethra 6. Anaerobic respiration can lead to a burning sensation caused by which molecule? Lactic acid 7. When assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian in the nurse notes that she has an unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the client if she has eaten large amount of: Carrot and squash 8. Which hand position describes an anatomical position of a person who is standing erect with feet forward? Palms of the hand facing anteriorly 9. What are like cells grouped together called? A tissue 10. What type of synovial joint is the elbow? Hinge 11. Which structure is a ball and socket joint? Shoulder 12. What are fingerprints made of? Friction Ridges 13. What are like cells grouped together called? Tissue 14. Which is the largest chamber of the heart? Left Ventricle 15. Membrane that lines body cavities that open the exterior of the body is Mucous membrane (inside of the body cavity- serous membrane) 16. Which muscle of the quadriceps femoris group lies on the slide surface of the lower extremity? Vastus lateralis 17. Which structure is located on the sternum? Xiphoid process 18. What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated? Increased Cardiac output 19. Where does digestion begin in the digestive system? Oral cavity/Mouth 20. Which cell structure regulates the transportation of substances in and out the cell? Cell membrane 21. The Malleus, Incus, and Stapes are located in which part of the body? Ear 22. What is the function of the thrombocytes (platelets)? Play role in blood clotting 23. What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted? Water is reabsorbed from the urinary filtrate 24. What is the function of Golgi body/apparatus in the human cell? Process protein secretion. synthesize carbs and glycoproteins 25. 4 steps in Bone formation: Hematoma (inflammation) -callus formation-ossification- remodeling. 26. Which lobe of the brain is responsible for auditory functioning? Temporal lobe 27. When water molecules move across cell membrane from high to low concentration this process is called? Osmosis 28. Facilitates the recognition of genetic code on macromolecules? DNA 29. What plane divides the body from left to right? Sagittal plane 30. Aqueous humor is watery fluid in which part of the body? Eye HESI A&P Version 1 and 2 1. What are the chemical substances that prevent a sharp change in the pH of a fluid when an acid or a base is added to it? Buffer 2. What do T-lymphocytes do? Defend the body against microbes 3. Which structure produces T-lymphocytes? Thymus 4. Which structure produces B-lymphocytes? Red bone marrow 5. What is the function of Eustachian tube? Equilibrates pressure between the middle ear and external environment 6. What physiological response occurs when epinephrine and non-ephedrine- Blood is directed toward the heart, skeletal muscles and brain. 7. Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory system? Pharynx(throat). It includes nose (nostrils), nasal cavity, mouth, and larynx (voice box). 8. The structure in the lower RS includes: Trachea, primary bronchi and lungs. 9. Calcaneus is located in what part of the body? Foot 10. Dorsiflexion plantar flexion are types of joint movement that are associated with which part of the body? Foot 11. A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have decreased sensation in which area? Arm – inability to abduct hands and fingers 12. The ankle is distal to the knee 13. Posterior means what part of the body? The back 14. Which bones are located in the forearm? Ulna and Radius 15. Which bone dose not articulate with any other bone? Hyoid – is a U-shape bone in the neck that supports the tongue 16. Which of the following elements is necessary for muscle contraction? Calcium 17. Diet is important because bone are storage places for? Calcium and phosphorous 18. What female reproductive organ produces oocytes, estrogen, progesterone? Ovaries 19. Which layer of the cutaneous membrane are nerve ending located- Dermis {Where is the nerve ending close to the skin? Dermis} 20. Which bones are formed first by intramembrous ossification? Flat bones of skull 21. Ligaments provides with connection? Bone to bone (Tendon -muscle to bone) 22. Sprain occurs when there is a tear in which structure? Ligament muscle/ankle/shoulder 23. Why are tendons and ligament most likely to be slow in healing following an injury? Lack of blood supply/because these connective tissues are avascular. 24. Compact tissue with Haversian canals is classified as what type of tissue? Bone 25. What structure conducts urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder? (The tube between kidney and urinary bladder) Ureter 26. As part of the negative feedback system, which type of cell is stimulated to resorb bone matrix in response to a decrease in calcium in the blood? Osteoclasts 27. Sweat on the skin's surface cools the body through which process? Evaporation 28. A Client has large pituitary tumor. The nurse knows that this tumor exists in which part of the body? Head /Client has large pituitary tumor what part of the body does this effect? Head hurt, sickness, low blood pressure 29. Which anatomical structure houses the malleus, incus, and stapes? Skull ear 30. Ceruminous glands secrete Ear wax/ Cerumen 31. What is the function of the Sebaceous gland? To produce sebum or oil 32. The nurse explains to a client that the stomach is lined by which type of membrane? Mucous {The respiratory system is lined with a mucous membrane that secret mucus} 33. The mediastinum is located within which cavity? Thoracic 34. What effects do serotonin has on neurotransmitters? Involved with mood, sleep, appetite and anxiety 35. What does antidiuretic hormone act on? Helps to control blood pressure by acting on the kidneys and the blood vessels. /Regulates and balances the amount of water in the body 36. The occipital region is located in which part of the body? Head (at the back)/ lower part of the cranium 37. In white blood cells what contributes to phagocytosis? Macrophages, neutrophils 38. Thrombocytes (platelets) smallest type of blood cell important for blood clotting. When bleeding occurs it swell, clump together and form sticky plug that helps stop the bleeding. 39. Which blood element carries oxygen- Erythrocytes (Red blood cells) 40. Which structure carries oxygen to the cells? Hemoglobin 41. Blood cell formation – Hemopoiesis {Blood cells is also called hematopoietic cell, hemocyte or hematocyte. The three main types of blood cells are Platelets (thrombocytes), Red blood cells (erythrocytes) and White blood cells (leukocytes) - basophil, neutrophil, eosinophil, lymphocytes and monocytes}. 42. Which gland is commonly known as the "Master Gland"? Pituitary Gland 43. What epidermal derivative is involved in temperature homeostasis? Eccrine gland- regulates temperature 44. Which statement are true about bone? Osteoblast, epiphyseal, diaphysis. 45. What internal structure of the ear is concerned with hearing? Cochlea 46. Which structure of the gastrointestinal tract controls the movement of content from small intestine to the large intestine? Ileocecal valve 47. What are the divisional regions of the large intestine (colon)? Cecum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon. (cecum-ascending-transverse-descending-sigmoid colons) 48. Where in the human body are nutrients absorbed? Small intestine (Small intestine is made up of three segment – Duodenum, Jejunum, and ileum). 49. Ossification begins during what? Embryonic development 50. Fertilization occurs in the? Oviduct 51. Fertilization of an ovum occurs in which anatomical structure? Fallopian tubes 52. Which term is used to describe the waist bones/area? Carpal 53. An over-production of cerumen (earwax) can accumulate in which area? External ear canals 54. The mitral value is located between which two structures? Left ventricle & Left atrium (Tricuspid – right ventricle and right atrium) 55. The olfactory nerves are associate in which sense? Smell 56. Which of the special senses respond to chemical? Taste and olfaction 57. Which vessel brings blood from the lungs to the heart? Pulmonary vein 58. What vessel carries blood from the body to the heart? Vena cava 59. Which hormone(s) is/are produced by the ovaries? Estrogen & progesterone (Men – Estrogen and testosterone) 60. Two principles divisions that makeup nervous system? Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) 61. The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the distal region of the humerus. What area is he describing? Epiphysis 62. Which term is used to describe movement of the arms and legs away from midline of the body? Abduction- arm away from the body (Adduction- arm towards the body’s midline) 63. Which part of the body do you check for carotid pulse- Carotid Artery. Structure provides a pulse reading in the neck? Carotid Artery 64. What is the primary function of the hemoglobin (blood)? Carry oxygen 65. What stimulates the chemoreceptors to function? rise in CO2; Fall in O2 (increase in blood pressure) 66. Which condition causes a client to say "I can't see far away"? Nearsightedness 67. What organ produces insulin? Pancreas 68. When drawing blood from antecubital region which blood vessel is used to obtain blood? a) Ulnar vein b) Radial artery c) Axillary artery d) Brachial vein (Median cubital) 69. What hormone induces growth of pubic and axillary hair at puberty? Testosterone and estrogen 70. Increase in rate of depth of breath results in what blood PH change? Alkalosis 71. What is the function of the hypothalamus? (Regulate body temperature) Regulate function of body, balance and thermoregulatory 72. The passive movement of molecules or particles along a concentrated gradient or from a region of higher concentration to a lower concentration is called Diffusion / Filtration is the process by which water and solutes are forced through a membrane or capillary wall by fluid or hydrostatic pressure 73. Transverse plane is a cross section of the body. Coronal – separates back and front} 74. What part of the body is the lower back? Lumbar vertebrae 75. High levels of which ion would most likely result in a cardiac arrest? Potassium 76. What blood vessel perfuses the kidney? Renal vein 77. The skin is the largest organ of the body. What gives the skin its color? Melanin 78. What is the outer most protective layer of the skin? Epidermis (the inner layer of the skin is dermis- composed of fibrous connective tissue with blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles and glands) 79. The organ of corti is located in? Ear 80. The rough endoplasmic reticulum functions in the human cell to? Synthesize proteins Function of rough ER- protein synthesis, membrane production. Smooth ER synthesize lipids and steroids, regulate calcium concentration 81. Tissue repair is enhanced by a diet high in? Protein 82. What is the definition of chyme? Partly digested food! The result of action by the stomach. (the thick, wet mass of partly digested food that leaves the stomach) 83. What are hormones? Chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands that controls or coordinates the activities of other tissues. 84. What cellular process helps to move debris and mucous through the lining of tubules? Cilia (An epithelial cell that other goes circle of movement is cilia) 85. Which is a hollow organ? Gall bladder (heart, stomach) 86. Which muscle is included in the quadriceps femoris group? Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius 87. Which of the following location would the urinary bladder & internal reproductive organ be found? Pelvic region/cavity 88. Which part of the brain attaches to spinal cord? Medulla oblongata 89. Which structure is responsible for normal respiratory function? Medulla oblongata – it controls breathing Cerebrum – associated with movement and sensory input Cerebellum- responsible for muscle / muscular co-ordination Medulla oblongata- controls many vital functions such as respiration and heartbeat/rate. 90. T4 is controlled by what? Thyroid 91. What gland is located on the anterior surface of the trachea? Thyroid Gland 92. Function of ADH - reabsorption of water 93. Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland? ADH and Oxytocin 94. Which hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary gland? Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) {also includes – TSH, LH, ACTH, Growth Hormone and PRL} 95. What female hormone stimulate the development of Graafian follicles? FSH 96. What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulation is increased? Blood pressure rises, goose bumps 97. What part of the body is the buttock- dorsal. / The buttock is on which surface of the body? Posterior body surface 98. The esophagus is located in which body cavity? Thoracic 99. The tympanic membrane is located between which structures? External auditory canal and middle ear (tympanic membrane -ear drum, it is a thin membrane that separates the outer (external) ear from the middle ear) 100. What is the end result of meiosis? 23 chromosomes {Mitosis – cell division that produces two identical daughters (process in which DNA is duplicated); Mitosis is necessary for growth and repair/ Meiosis - cell division that takes place in the gonads (the ovaries and testes), chromosomes number reduces from 4623}. 101. How many days is the average menstrual cycle? 28 days 102. Urinary system in the human body primary task is to? Expel waste 103. What is the function of the phrenic nerve? Innervates the diaphragm The phrenic nerve (cervical plexus) is a nerve that originates in the neck (C3-C5) and passes down between the lung and the heart to reach the diaphragm. It is important for breathing, as it passes motor information to the diaphragm and receives sensory information from it, there are two phrenic nerves, a left and a right one. 104. What does vitamin D do to the skin? Vitamin D contributes to skin cell growth, repair, and metabolism. It optimizes the skin’s immune system and help destroy free radicals that can cause premature aging. Vitamin D regulates two important bone materials- calcium and phosphorous, which stimulates internal absorption of Ca and P to maintain healthy blood levels and build and maintain bone. Biological function of vitamin D- calcium balance, immunomodulation, regulate cell-growth, and reduces hypertension by downregulating renin production. 105. Which of the following produce progesterone to prepare the uterus for pregnancy? Corpus luteum 106. Which antibodies are found in the plasma of type A blood? Anti B 107. Which antibodies are found in the plasma of type AB blood? Neither A or B 108. What encloses the heart? Pericardium 109. Where is the tibialis anterior muscle located? Lower leg (Largest bone of the leg- Tibia, smallest bone of the leg- Fibula) 110. How many carb per gram do carbohydrates contain? 4 111. Where is the pulmonary ossification center located? Diaphysis 112. Which of the following best describes a capillary? Location for gas and nutrient exchange (nutrients and gas exchange occur in the capillaries, not veins or arteries) 113. Which one increases angle at the joint? Extensor 114. What are the four basic tissue types? Connective, Epithelium, Nervous, Muscle. 115. Order of organization of living things: Organelle, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, and biosphere 116. What is the function of aldosterone in the kidneys, when it is secreted? It conserves sodium in the body 117. What does lymphatic system do? Filter lymph, remove debris. Function of lymph nodes- They filter lymph and assist the immune system in building an immune response. Lymph is a clear fluid that comes from blood plasma and exits blood vessels at capillary beds. 118. What structure of the eye picks out color? Retina 119. What is the transparent portion of the fibrous layer of the eye? Cornea 120. The basic unit of life and the building block of tissue/organism- Cell 121. The study of tissues/cells – Histology 122. What characteristic best describe dermis? Structure and strength 123. Osteoblast – Cells that form compact bone 124. Broken humerus adolescent: classified as a Proximal fracture or a shaft fracture. 125. The enzymes that regulates all chemical reactions within the body – Proteins 126. Hormones are chemical messengers that control the growth, differentiation, and metabolism of specific target cells. Two types- Steroid hormone and Protein hormone The main production of endocrine gland is hormones 127. Causes of ear infection in children? It is the length of the Eustachian tube. (Kids have shorter Eustachian tube). 128. Herpes is a viral infection usually characterized by? Skin eruption / Sign of Herpes? Rash 129. Function of trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles? Warm and moisten air before it enters the lungs 130. Which subdivision of autonomic nervous system operates using the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine? Sympathetic Nervous System 131. Sensory neurons (afferent) transmit nerve impulses toward the CNS {spinal cord and brain}, Motor (efferent) neurons transmit nerve impulses away from d CNS towards the organs such as muscles, glands, &digestive organs. PNS- all other neurons in d body. 132. Axons transmit the impulse away from the cell body, while dendrites transmit the impulse towards the cell body. 133. What part of the male reproduction produce most of the semen? Seminal Vesicle 134. Produce most of the sperm- Seminiferous Tubules 135. It is very cold… shivering? What muscle is involved? Skeletal muscle [Show Less]
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HESI ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
HESI ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1. Which hormone initiates the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy? A. FSH B. Estrogen C. LH D. P... [Show More] rogesterone 2. What is the name of the structure that prevents food from entering the airway? A. trachea B. esophagus C. diaphragm D. epiglottis 3. Which substance makes up the pads that provide support between the vertebrae? A. bone B. cartilage C. tendon D. fat 4. How many different types of tissue are there in the human body? A. four B. six C. eight D. ten 5. A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on internal surface of stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, no blood vessels in the tissue. What type of tissue is this? A. Epithelial B. Connective C. Muscle D. Cartilage E. Nervous 6. Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as which of the following? A. Osteoblasts B. Neuroglia C. Osteocytes D. Arterioles 7. What is the name of the outermost layer of skin? A. dermis B. epidermis C. subcutaneous tissue D. hypodermis 8. Which hormone stimulates milk production in the breasts during lactation? A. norepinephrine B. antidiuretic hormone C. prolactin D. oxytocin 9. Which of the following structures has the lowest blood pressure? A. arteries B. arteriole C. venule D. vein 10. What are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the metabolism of specific target cells called? A. Hormones B. Neurons C. Glands D. Second messengers 11. How much air does an adult inhale in an average breath? A. 500 mL B. 750 mL C. 1000 mL D. 1250 mL 12. Which type of cell secretes antibodies? A. bacterial cell B. viral cell C. lymph cell D. plasma cells 13. Which force motivates filtration in the kidneys? A. osmosis B. smooth muscle contraction C. peristalsis D. blood pressure 14. Which of the following hormones decreases the concentration of blood glucose? A. insulin B. glucagon C. growth hormone D. glucocorticoids 15. Which structure controls the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland? A. hypothalamus B. adrenal gland C. testes D. pancreas 16. How much of a female’s blood volume is composed of red blood cells? A. 10% B. 25% C. 40% D. 70% 17. The stomach muscle churns and mixes food, turning the mass into a soupy substance called which of the following? A. Bolus B. Bile C. Chyme D. Feces 18. What is the function of aldosterone? A. It converts proinsulin to insulin. B. It conserves sodium in the body. C. It protects against stress. D. It affects heat production. 19. Which type of cholesterol is considered to be the best for health? A. LDL B. HDL C. VLDL D. VHDL 20. Which structure of the nervous system carries action potential in the direction of a synapse? A. cell body B. axon C. neuron D. myelin 21. Where is the parathyroid gland located? A. neck B. back C. side D. brain 22. All the nutrients that enter the hepatic portal vein are routed where for decontamination? A. Kidney B. Pancreas C. Spleen D. Liver 23. What is the name of the process in the lungs by which oxygen is transported from the air to the blood? A. osmosis B. diffusion C. dissipation D. reverse osmosis 24. Which of the following epithelial types is correctly matched with its major function? A. Simple squamous epithelium—secretion or absorption B. Stratified squamous epithelium—changes shape when stretched C. Stratified squamous epithelium—diffusion D. Simple columnar epithelium—secretion or absorption 25. Which of the following are tropic hormones? (Select all that apply.) A. Somatotropin B. Follicle-stimulating hormone C. Antidiuretic hormone D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone [Show Less]
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HESI Anatomy and Physiology
HESI Anatomy and Physiology 1. Which of the following hormones decreases the concentration of blood glucose? A. insulin B. glucagon C. growth ho... [Show More] rmone D. glucocorticoids 2. Which structure controls the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland? A. hypothalamus B. adrenal gland C. testes D. pancreas 3. How much of a female’s blood volume is composed of red blood cells? A. 10% B. 25% C. 40% D. 70% 4. Which type of cholesterol is considered to be the best for health? A. LDL B. HDL C. VLDL D. VHDL 5. Where are the vocal cords located? A. bronchi B. trachea C. larynx D. epiglottis 6. Where does gas exchange occur in the human body? A. alveoli B. bronchi C. larynx D. pharynx 7. What mineral is responsible for muscle contractions? A. Chloride B. Sodium C. Calcium D. Magnesium 8. In which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found? A. Thoracic cavity B. Mediastinum C. Abdominal cavity D. Pelvic cavity 9. What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity? A. Diaphragm B. Mediastinum C. Liver D. Lungs 10. Which of the following epithelial types is correctly matched with its major function? A. Simple squamous epithelium—secretion or absorption B. Stratified squamous epithelium—changes shape when stretched C. Stratified squamous epithelium—diffusion D. Simple columnar epithelium—secretion or absorption 11. A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on internal surface of stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, no blood vessels in the tissue. What type of tissue is this? A. Epithelial B. Connective C. Muscle D. Cartilage E. Nervous 12. Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as which of the following? A. Osteoblasts B. Neuroglia C. Osteocytes D. Arterioles 13. Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs? A. Epithelial B. Connective C. Nervous D. Muscle 14. What is the basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs? A. Atom B. Organelle C. Cell D. DNA 15. What is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli called? A. External respiration B. Internal respiration C. Inhalation D. Cellular respiration 16. In order for inhalation to occur, what must happen? A. Contraction of the diaphragm, which decreases the volume of the chest cavity and draws air into the lungs B. Contraction of the diaphragm, which enlarges the chest cavity and draws air into the lungs C. Recoil of the lungs as the respiratory muscles contract, and the thorax decreases in size D. Recoil of the lungs as the respiratory muscles relax, and the thorax decreases in size 17. Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood does which of the following? A. It is carried in solution or bound to blood proteins. B. It is carried on hemoglobin. C. It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within red blood cells. D. It is converted to bicarbonate ions by carbonic anhydrase within the plasma. 18. How does the trachea remain open like a hollow tube? A. Air pressure inside keeps it open. B. Supporting cartilaginous rings keep it open. C. It is reinforced with bone that cannot collapse. D. Special muscles are working to keep the trachea open. 19. The stomach muscle churns and mixes food, turning the mass into a soupy substance called which of the following? A. Bolus B. Bile C. Chyme D. Feces 20. Which type of cell division takes place in the gonads? A. Mitosis B. Meiosis C. Binary fission D. Asexual division 21. In what area of the body would you expect to find an especially thick stratum corneum? A. Back of the hand B. Heel of the foot C. Abdomen D. Over the shin 22. Which of the following proteins is produced by cartilage? A. actin B. estrogen C. collagen D. myosin 23. Which component of the nervous system is responsible for lowering the heart rate? A. central nervous system B. sympathetic nervous system C. parasympathetic nervous system D. distal nervous system 24. Which type of substance breaks down to form urea? A. lipid B. protein C. carbohydrate D. iron 25. What is the name for a joint that can only move in two directions? A. hinge B. insertion C. ball and socket D. flange 26. In which of the following muscle types are the filaments arranged in a disorderly manner? A. cardiac B. smooth C. skeletal D. rough 27. What are the glands of skin that produce a thin, watery secretion? A. Sebaceous glands B. Eccrine glands C. Apocrine glands D. Endocrine glands 28. Skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of the body by participating in the production of which of the following? A. Sebum B. Keratin C. Vitamin A D. Vitamin D 29. Which of the following are functions of the skeletal system? (Select all that apply.) A. Support the body B. Hemopoiesis C. Conduct impulses D. Provide protection 30. The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus. What is he describing? A. Epiphysis B. Articular cartilage C. Perichondrium D. Diaphysis 31. You have been given a sample of tissue that has open spaces partially filled by an assemblage of needlelike structures. What is the tissue? A. Spongy bone B. Compact bone C. Cartilage D. Adipose tissue 32. The heart has an intrinsic beat that is initiated by which of the following? A. Semilunar valve B. Bicuspid valve C. Tricuspid valve D. Sinoatrial node 33. Vasodilation and vasoconstriction result from which of the following? A. Contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial wall B. Relaxation of smooth muscle in the arterial wall C. Relaxation and contraction of smooth muscle in the arterial wall D. Contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle in the venous wall 34. Which of the following is the blood vessel where exchanges take place between blood and the cells of the body? A. Artery B. Vein C. Capillary D. Arteriole 35. What is the function of aldosterone? A. It converts proinsulin to insulin. B. It conserves sodium in the body. C. It protects against stress. D. It affects heat production. 36. All the nutrients that enter the hepatic portal vein are routed where for decontamination? A. Kidney B. Pancreas C. Spleen D. Liver 37. Which of the following bones is the only moveable bone of the skull? A. Maxilla B. Zygomatic C. Lacrimal D. Mandible 38. Which mineral is responsible for regulating fluid in the body? A. Chloride B. Sodium C. Calcium D. Magnesium 39. Why are skeletal muscles also called voluntary muscles? A. They are under conscious control. B. They are attached to the skeleton. C. They use ATP to energize contraction. D. They are striated in appearance. 40. All actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses over which of the following? A. Neuroglia B. Efferent pathways C. Afferent pathways D. Neurons 41. Motor or neurons transmit nerve impulses away from the CNS. A. Afferent B. Efferent C. Central D. Peripheral 42. Jeffery has contracted bulbar poliomyelitis, and it has affected the medulla oblongata. The doctors warned the family that his condition is grave and death may be imminent. What functions of the medulla oblongata have warranted such a dire prognosis? A. The medulla oblongata contains vital centers that control heart action, blood vessel diameter, and respiration. B. The medulla oblongata contains neural connections of the reticular-activating system. C. The medulla oblongata contains the pineal gland, which controls the vital centers. D. The medulla oblongata contains the corpora quadrigemina, which controls the neural transmission of impulses along the spinal cord. 43. What are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the metabolism of specific target cells called? A. Hormones B. Neurons C. Glands D. Second messengers 44. Which of the following are tropic hormones? (Select all that apply.) A. Somatotropin B. Follicle-stimulating hormone C. Antidiuretic hormone D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone 45. Which leukocytes are correctly matched with their function or description? (Select all that apply.) A. Monocytes—become macrophages B. Basophils—the most common type of WBC C. Lymphocytes—important in immune response D. Neutrophils—phagocytize microorganisms 46. Which are the functional units of the kidney? A. Ureters B. Glomeruli C. Nephrons D. Renal capsules 47. What are the two functions of the male and female sex organs? A. Production of all cells and production of hormones B. Production of interstitial cells and production of hormones C. Production of gametes and production of hormones D. Production of gametes and production of interstitial cells 48. In men, spermatozoa develop within the of each testis. A. Seminiferous tubules B. Vas deferens C. Ejaculatory ducts D. Bulbourethral glands 49. Testicular activity is under the control of which hormone(s)? A. FSH B. LH C. GH D. Both FSH and LH 50. Which hormone initiates the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy? A. FSH B. Estrogen C. LH D. Progesterone 51. During pregnancy, what organ produces the hormones that maintain the endometrium and prepare the breasts for milk production? A. Placenta B. Uterus C. Cervix D. Corpus luteum 52. What is the name of the structure that prevents food from entering the airway? A. trachea B. esophagus C. diaphragm D. epiglottis 53. Which substance makes up the pads that provide support between the vertebrae? A. bone B. cartilage C. tendon D. fat 54. How many different types of tissue are there in the human body? A. four B. six C. eight D. ten 55. What is the name of the outermost layer of skin? A. dermis B. epidermis C. subcutaneous tissue D. hypodermis 56. Which hormone stimulates milk production in the breasts during lactation? A. norepinephrine B. antidiuretic hormone C. prolactin D. oxytocin 57. Which of the following structures has the lowest blood pressure? A. arteries B. arteriole C. venule D. vein 58. Which of the heart chambers is the most muscular? A. left atrium B. right atrium C. left ventricle D. right ventricle 59. Which part of the brain interprets sensory information? A. cerebrum B. hindbrain C. cerebellum D. medulla oblongata 60. How much air does an adult inhale in an average breath? A. 500 mL B. 750 mL C. 1000 mL D. 1250 mL 61. Which type of cell secretes antibodies? A. bacterial cell B. viral cell C. lymph cell D. plasma cells 62. Which force motivates filtration in the kidneys? A. osmosis B. smooth muscle contraction C. peristalsis D. blood pressure 63. Which structure of the nervous system carries action potential in the direction of a synapse? A. cell body B. axon C. neuron D. myelin 64. Where is the parathyroid gland located? A. neck B. back C. side D. brain 65. What is the name of the process in the lungs by which oxygen is transported from the air to the blood? A. osmosis B. diffusion C. dissipation D. reverse osmosis [Show Less]
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HESI ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS
HESI ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS HESI ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS 1. List the body planes. 2. Define section. 3. Define sagittal secti... [Show More] on. 4. Define frontal section. 5. Define cross section. 6. What is the anatomic position? 7. What are the terms of direction? 8. Define the terms of direction. 9. Define proximal. 10. Define distal. 11. What is histology? The study of tissues 12. Define tissue. 13. What are the four fundamental tissues? 14. Define the four tissues. 15. What is the largest organ of the body? skin 16. What are the two layers of the skin? Dermis, epidermis 17. Define the layers. 18. Define melanin. 19. What does the body framework consist of? 20. What are the functions of the skeletal system? 21. Name the types of bones. 22. What are osteoblasts? 23. How many bones does the axial skeleton consist of? 24. What does the appendicular skeleton consist of? 25. What must be present for a muscle cell to contract? 26. What type of muscles make up the muscular system? 27. What does the nervous system consist of? 28. What are the two parts of the nervous system? 29. List and define the major parts of the brain? 30. What is the function of the endocrine system? 31. Define hormones. 32. What does whole blood consist of? 33. What is the smallest artery? 34. Where is respiration controlled? 35. What is the function of the respiratory system? 36. What is the alimentary canal? 37. What does the digestive system consist of? 38. Define bolus. 39. Define chime. 40. What are the parts of the urinary system? 41. What is the function of the kidneys? 42. What is the function of the ureters? 43. What does the urinary bladder do? 44. What is the function of the urethra? Empty urine 45. What are the male sex organs? testes 46. What are the female sex organs? ovaries 47. What is the function of the male and female sex organs? Produce hormones [Show Less]
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HESI_A2_Anatomy_and_Physiology_Cram_Cards
HESI A2 Anatomy and physiology Cram Cards
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HESI_A2_Anatomy_and_Physiology_Study_Guide_
HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Study Guide Lesson 1: Bones 1 3 ... [Show More] www.ReadyForTheHESI.org 5 www.ReadyForTheHESI.org Name any bone associated Mandible: 3. R with the body part. 4. C Upper Arm: Hand: Foot: Head: Hip: Upper Leg: Lower Arm: Lower leg: Name the body part associated with the bone. Ulna: Clavicle: Metatarsal: Maxilla: Sternum: Pelvic: Femur: Talus: Fibula: Ribs: Tibia: Metacarpals: Name all the bones for the body region. Head: 1. Z 2. M 3. M Chest, Shoulder, Collar Bone, and Spine 1. C 2. S 3. R 4. V 5. S Arm: 1. H 2. U 5. M 6. P Hips: 1. P 2. S Upper Leg: 1. F Kneebone: 1. P Lower leg: 1. T 2. F Foot: 1. T 2. C 3. T 4. M 5. P 6 www.ReadyForTheHESI.org Lesson 1, Practice 1: Bones 4. Which of these is NOT part of arm and hand bones? a. humerus b. ulna c. metatarsals d. carpals 5. Where is the cranium located? a. arm b. head c. leg d. hip 6. Which bone is the pelvic girdle associated with? a. sacrum b. femur c. sternum d. clavicle 7. Which is part of the bones of 10. Which of the following is part of the lower leg? a. femur b. tibia c. ulna d. sacrum 11. How many lumbar vertebrae are there? a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7 12. Which of the below is NOT associated with the patella? a. scapula b. tibia c. femur d. fibula 13. Which bone is part of the thigh? a. tibia b. femur c. fibula d. talus 14. is also called your cheekbone. a. zygomatic b. maxilla c. mandible d. cranium 15. Which of these is NOT part of the hand bones? a. metacarpals b. metatarsals c. phalanges d. carpals 16. is a bone that makes up the foot. a. coccyx b. talus c. radius d. femur 17. makes up part of the shoulder. a. scapula b. tibia c. fibula d. patella 18. are also called digits. a. clavicle b. sternum c. phalanges d. talus 1. a. Where is the ulna located? leg a. the feet? radius b. head b. clavicle c. arm c. scapula d. hip d. calcaneus 2. a. How many thoracic vertebrae are there? 12 8. a. Which of the below is also called a breastbone? sternum b. 13 b. clavicle c. 14 c. scapula d. 15 d. fibula 3. a. Which of these is NOT part of a leg bone? tibia 9. a. makes up a person’s jaw. zygomatic b. fibula b. maxilla c. tarsals c. mandible d. femur d. cranium [Show Less]
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HESI V2 A&P, Vocabulary, Grammar and Reading.
HESI V2 A&P, Vocabulary, Grammar and Reading. AP V2 (I made 92) 1. Carotid Artery provides a pulse reading in the neck 2. Boxer gets hit and ha... [Show More] s deviated septum – vomer (nose) 3. Orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the distal region of the humerus. What area is he describing? Epiphysis 4. Connective tissue most abundant tissue 5. Vessel returns blood to heart – aorta 6. Organ lies superior to diagram – left lung 7. Aqueous humor is water fluid in the eye 8. Sebaceous gland secretes oil 9. Oxytocin hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland 10. Four basic tissue – connective, epithelial, muscle and nervous 11. Pituitary gland – commonly known as master gland 12. Plane divides right to left - sagittal 13. Hemoglobin carries oxygen to cells 14. Nearsightedness “I can't see far away"? 15. TESTOSTERONE hormone induce growth of pubic and axillary hair at puberty 16. chemoreceptors to function the rise in CO2 and fall in O2 – located in carotid body 17. Skin eruption – characteristic of viral herpes 18. Vena cava vessel carries blood from the body to the heart 19. Ear structure Cochlea function is for hearing 20. Tibialis anterior muscle located in lower leg 21. During football 13 yr old male breaks his humorous the healthcare is concerned that future growth of arm will be affected because of placement of this break? Epiphyseal 22. Layer of cutaneous membrane – dermis (skin) 23. Fertilization of ovum occurs in fallopian tubes 24. Function of hemoglobin – oxygen 25. Esophagus is part of digestive system 26. Cellular contact is important for wound healing 27. Mitral valve is located between left ventricle and left 28. Which muscle is included in quadriceps femoris group - Vastus lateralis 29. ear – houses malleus, incus and stapes. 30. Skin contains a precursor to vit D – Calcium Grammar (I made 94) 1. My father and I looked at her. 2. I am looking forward to ___ my birthday party next week. Having 3. Coffee experts feel that the ___ coffee blend is a dark blend. Best 4. The nurse made a error with the medication, so the doctor made notes about it in the patients file. A 5. Finishing ___ isn’t as important as answering correctly. Quickly 6. Which sentence is grammatically correct? A lot of people enjoy baseball movies. 7. Which sentence is grammatically incorrect? She lit scented candles so the air will smell sweetly. 8. Which sentence is grammatically correct? It is too heavy for me to lift. 9. Which word is not used correctly in the sentence? They’re going to the mall to pick up there uniforms for their coach. There 10. After throwing their sleeping bags into the backseat of their car, they ___ more than 400 miles to reach their destination. 1. Drove [Show Less]
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HESI A2 EXAM Vocabulary, Grammar, Biology and A&P
HESI A2 EXAM Vocabulary, Grammar, Biology and A&P VOCABULARY 1. Select the word that means “brief, to the point.” The teacher’s instructio... [Show More] ns were concise, so the student was able to complete the project in a reasonable period of time. A. period B. concise C. complete D. reasonable 2. What word meaning “once a year” fits best in the sentence? The family reunion picnic was held at the Jones farm instead of the county park. A. regular B. annual C. biennial D. holiday 3. Docile is best defined as being . A. defiant B. disobedient C. firm D. compliant 4. Select the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence. Because the patient had an occluded artery, the physician decided to perform cardiovascular surgery. A. Obstructed B. Open C. Broken D. Cloudy 5. Select the correct definition of the underlined word. The symmetrical nature of the artwork allowed it to be viewed from many angles. A. Measured from the center B. Colorful C. Equal on all sides D. Whimsical 6. Select the word or phrase that will make the sentence grammatically correct. Within the of the hospital, great emphasis is placed on calmness. A. cafeteria B. milieu C. metabolism D. component 7. Select the correct definition of the underlined word. The verbal instructions given by the instructor allowed the student to create an outstanding project. A. Written B. Detailed C. Oral D. Permissive 8. What is the best description for the term quotient? A. The minimum number of members needed to be present for a vote to be valid B. The protocol used when a sterile field must be maintained C. A math term naming the answer in a division question D. The preferred inoculation site for a newborn infant 9. Select the word or phrase that will make the sentence grammatically correct. The nurse has a to the Journal of Nursing Education. A. subscription B. prescription C. recipe D. receipt 10. Select the correct definition of the underlined word. The gaping hole in the fence was an enticing lure for the curious toddler. A. Narrow B. Jagged C. Painted D. Wide open [Show Less]
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