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CBMT Exam 2023 with complete solutions
Steps for Referral - Answer- 1. Utilize or develop appropriate referral protocol for population 2. Evaluate appropriateness of referral for music therapy ... [Show More] services 3. Prioritize referrals according to immediate client needs when appropriate 4. Educate staff, treatment team, or other professionals regarding appropriate referral criteria for music therapy based on population or need Steps for Assessment - Answer- 1. Observe client in music and/or nonmusic settings Obtain client information from available resources 3. Identify client functioning level, strengths, and areas of need 5. Document intake and assessment info 6. Understand the possible effects of medical and psychotropic drugs 7. Select musical assessment tools and procedures 8. Select non-musical assessment tools and procedures 9. Adapt existing assessment tools and procedures 10. Develop assessment tools and procedures 11. Create an assessment environment or space conducive to the assessment protocol and/or client's needs 12. Engage client in musical and non-musical experiences to obtain assessment data 13. Identify client response to different types of musical experiences (improv, recreating, composing, listening). types of non-musical experiences, styles of music, elements of music Domains of Functioning Level, Strengths, and Areas of Need for Assessment - Answer- a. Cognitive b. Communicative c. Emotional d. Musical e. Physiological f. Psychosocial g. Sensorimotor h. Spiritual MT should Idetify in Assessment: - Answer- a. Active symptoms b. Behaviors c. Clinical History d. Culrutral and Spiritual Background e. Family dynamics and support systems f. Learning Styles g. Manifestations of affective state h. Music background and skills i. Preferences j. Social and interpersonal relationships k. Stressors related to present status l. Resources Interpreting Assessment Information and Communicating Results - Answer- 1. Evaluate reliability and presence of bias in information from available resources 2. Identify factors which may impact accuracy of information gathered during assessment (eg. Precipitating events, medications, health considerations) 3. Draw conclusions and make recommendations based on analysis and synthesis of assessment findings 4. Acknoqledge therapist's bias and limitations in interpreting assessment information (eg. Cultural Differences) 5. Communicate assessment findings and recommendations in oral, written, or other forms (eg. video/audio) Treatment Planning - Answer- 1. Involve client in the treatment planning process, when appropriate 2. Consult the following in the treatment planning process: 3. Coordinate treatment with other professionals 4. Evaluate the role of music therapy within the overall therapeutic program 5. Consider length of treatment when establishing client goals and objectives 6. Establish goals that are: 7. Use a data collection system for measuring clinical outcomes to reflect criteria in objective 8. Create environment or space conducive to client engagement 9. Consider client's age, culture, language, music background, and preferences when designing music therapy experiences 10. Design music therapy experiences that address client goals and objectives based on available research; clinical expertise; and the needs, values, and preferences of the client. 11. Use appropriate musical instruments and equipment consistent with treatment needs. 12. Use non-music materials consistent with music therapy goals and clients' learning styles 13. Plan sessions of appropriate duration and frequency 14. Determine group and/or individual placement based on assessment findings 15. Structure and organize music therapy experiences within each session to create therapeutic contour (eg. transitions, pacing, sequencing, energy level, intensity) 16. Design programs to reinforce goals and objectives for implementation outside of the music therapy setting. 17. Document treatment plan The Following Should Be Consulted in the Treatment Planning Process - Answer- a. Clinical and research literature and other recourses b. Client's family, caregivers, or personal network when appropriate c. Other professionals, when appropriate Goals and Objectives Should Be - Answer- Specific Measurable Attainable Realistic Time-bound Treatment Implementation - Answer- 1. Develop a therapeutic relationship 2. Provide music therapy experiences to address client's : 3. Recognize how theoretical orientations inform music therapy practice Developing a Therapeutic Relationship - Answer- a. Building trust and rapport b. Being fully present and authentic c. Establishing boundaries and communicating expectations d. Providing ongoing acknowledgement and reflection e. Providing a safe and contained environment f. Recognizing and managing aspects of one's own feelings and behaviors that affect the therapeutic process g. Recognizing and working with transference and countertransference dynamics h. Understanding group dynamics and processes Provide Music Therapy Experiences to Address Client's: - Answer- a. Ability to empathize b. Ability to use music independently for self-care c. Abuse and trauma d. ADLs e. Adjustment to life changes or temporary or permanent changes in ability f. Aesthetic sensitivity g. Affect, emotions, and moods h. Agitation i. Aggression j. Anticipatory grief k. Attention (ie. focused, sustained, selective, alternating, divided) l. Auditory perception m. Autonomy n. Bereavement o. Coping skills p. Development of speech q. Executive functions (eg. decision making, problem solving) r. Functional independence s. Generalization of skills to other settings t. Grief and loss u. Group cohesion and/or a feeling of group membership v. Impulse control w. Interactive response x. Initiation and self-motivation y. Memory z. Motor skills aa. Musical and other creative responses ab. Neurological and other cognitive function ac. Nonverbal expression ad. On-task behavior ae. Oral motor control af. Pain (physical/psychological ag. Participation/Engagement ah. Physiological symptoms ai. Pragmatics of speech aj. Preparedness for stressful situations ak. Quality of life al. ROM am. Reality orientation an. Responsibility for self ao. Self-awareness and insight ap. Self-esteem aq. Sense of self with others ar. Sensorimotor skills as. Sensory integration at. Sensory orientation (ie. maintenance attention, vigilance) au. Sensory perception av. Social skills and interactions ay. Strength and endurance az. Support systems ba. Verbal and nonberbal communication bb. Verbal and/or vocal responses bc. Vocal production bd. Wellness Behavioral Music Therapy - Answer- Cognitive Music Therapy - Answer- Holistic Music Therapy - Answer- Humanistic/Existential Music Therapy - Answer- Psychodynamic Music Therapy - Answer- Culture Centered Music Therapy - Answer- Community Music Therapy - Answer- Developmental Music Therapy - Answer- Improvisational Music Therapy - Answer- Medical Music Therapy - Answer- Psychodynamic Music Therapy - Answer- How to Achieve Therapeutic Goals - Answer- a. Apply the elements of music (pitch, tempo, timbre, melody, harmony, rhythm, meter, dynamics) b. Apply receptive music methods c. Apply standard and alternate guitar tunings d. Apply a variety of scales, modes, and harmonic progressions e. Arrange, transpose, adapt music f. Compose vocal and instrumental music g. Empathize with client's music experience h. Employ active listening i. Employ functional skills with voice, keyboard, guitar, percussion j. Emply music relaxation and/or stress reduction techniques k. Exercise leadership and/or group management skills l. Facilitate community building activities m. Facilitate transfer of therapeutic progress into everyday life n. Identify and respond to significant events o. Improvise instrumental and vocally p. Integrate current technology into music therapy practice according to client need q. Integrate movement with music r. Observe client responses s. Provide visual, auditory, or tactile cues t. Provide verbal and nonverbal guidance u. Provide guidance to caregivers and staff to sustain and support the client's therapeutic progress v. Mediate problems among clients within the session w. Select adaptive materials and equipment x. Share musical experience and expression with clients y. Sight-read z. Use creativity and flexibility in meeting client's changing needs aa. Use music to communicate with client ab. Use song and lyric analysis ac. Utilize a varied music repertoire (blues, classical, folk, jazz, pop) from a variety of cultures and subculture Safety in Music Therapy - Answer- 1. Recognize and respond to situations in which there are clear and present dangers to a client and/or others 2. Recognize the potential harm of music experiences and use them with care 3. Recognize the potential harm of verbal and physical interventions during music experiences and use them with care 4. Observe infection control protocols (universal precautions, disinfecting instruments) 5. Recognize the client populations and health conditions for which music experiences are contraindicated and adapt treatment as indicated 6. Comply with safety protocols with regard to transport and physical support of clients 7. Inspect materials and instruments on a regular basis Termination and Closure in Music Therapy Sessions - Answer- 1. Assess potential benefits and detriments of terminaton 2. Determine exit criteria 3. Inform and prepare clients 4. Coordinate termination with a client's overall treatment 5. Provide a client with transitional support and recommendations 6. Help client work through feelings about termination 7. Address clients needs during staffing changes Documentation in Music Therapy - Ans [Show Less]
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CBMT Exam 2023 Questions with correct Answers
This approach addresses gait dysfunctions that stimulate music perception and pair it with motor responses - Answer- Neurological Approach This approach... [Show More] identifies behaviors, replaces negative inaccurate thoughts, and changes the rewards for positive behaviors - Answer- Behavioral Approach This approach believes that people have an ordered set of needs that must be fulfilled in order to achieve personal growth - Answer- Humanistic Approach This approach uses play, and specifically looks at how a child is developing during the most significant period of development. - Answer- Developmental Approach Dysphagia - Answer- The inability to swallow, a feeding disorder Ataxia - Answer- The lack of voluntary muscle movement Dyspnea - Answer- Shortness of breath The theory that personalities are shaped and motivated by conscious and unconscious forces, with a strong influence from childhood experiences - Answer- Psychodynamic Theory The theory that attempts to explain human behavior by understanding thought processes - Answer- Cognitive Theory The theory that assumes that the whole person is continually being motivated by one need or another and that people have the potential to grow toward psychological health that is, self-actualization - Answer- Holistic Theory The theory that focuses on a person as a unique being as well as the choices that they can currently make empowering them to take responsibility for their well-being - Answer- Existential Theory What is the modal D tuning and what music is it most commonly found in? - Answer- D-A-D-G-A-D Celtic, English & Iris Folk music What is open G tuning and what music is it most commonly found in? - Answer- D-G-D-G-B-D Folk & Blues music What is modal G tuning and what music is it most commonly found in? - Answer- D-G-D-G-C-D Celtic, Rock & Heavy Metal music What is open D tuning and what guitar is it most popular with? - Answer- D-A-D-F#-A-D Slide guitars What is one of the easiest alternative guitar tunings to play? - Answer- Open G tuning Mode that is the same as natural minor - Answer- Aeolian Mode that is a major scale - Answer- Ionian Mode that is a major scale with a raised 4th - Answer- Lydian Recording that counts the number of occurrences of behavior - Answer- Frequency recording Recording that measures how long a behavior lasts - Answer- Duration recording Recording where frequency behaviors are measured in short-time intervals - Answer- Interval recording The four components of a SOAP note - Answer- Subjective Objective Assessment Plan The immediate impression from sensory information after stimuli are presented - Answer- Sensory memory Unconscious memory for skills and tasks - Answer- Procedural memory Short term memory for information just acquired - Answer- Working memory Conscious recall such for semantic or episodic memory - Answer- Explicit memory How the brain interprets what a person hears; includes speech sounds as well as environmental sounds - Answer- Auditory Perception Several mental skills that help the brain organize and act on information. These skills enable people to plan, organize, remember things, prioritize, pay attention and get started on tasks. - Answer- Executive Functions Type of therapy that focuses on recognizing passive acceptance and taking conscious control of one's own life - Answer- Existential Therapy Type of therapy that adopts a deterministic view and unconscious factors to motivate behavior - Answer- Psychoanalytic Therapy Therapy that focuses on how thinking affects behavior - Answer- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Therapy that focuses on helping a client have a satisfying or positive relationships with another person. - Answer- Reality Therapy Music Therapy model that is based on the idea that a person's past influences their present behaviors and that the unconscious also strongly influences behavior. - Answer- Psychodynamic Music Therapy Music Therapy model that emphasizes wellness in multiple aspects of a client's life with the assumption that there is a connection between the various domains of wellness. - Answer- Holistic Musical Therapy Music Therapy model that is based on the idea that changes in a person's behavior will affect changes in other areas of their functioning. - Answer- Behavioral Music Therapy Music Therapy model that emphasizes the connection to brain stimulation - Answer- Neurologic Music Therapy Recording that involves observing and making note of all target behaviors throughout the observation time period. - Answer- Continuous recording Recording involving making one observation during a designated period of time. - Answer- Interval recording Recording involving measuring the length of time a client engages, or does not engage, in a target behavior during the observation period. - Answer- Duration recording Recording involving counting the number of times a target behavior occurs during the observation period. - Answer- Event recording Maintenance of Board certification requires adherence to the CBMTs ___________________ - Answer- Code of Professional Practice Behavioral objectives include _______________ and _______________ behavior - Answer- Observable (overt) and measurable MTBC who worked with war veterans and founded the National Foundation for Music Therapy in 1941 - Answer- Harriet Ayer Seymour Personality theory and therapy emphasizing inherent striving of humans to reach their highest potential if conditions preventing growth are removed - Answer- Humanistic Psychology Neurotransmitter current or neural pathway in the brain - Answer- Brain circuit Any factor occurring in a study that makes the results uninterpretable because it effects cannot be separated from those of the variables being studied - Answer- Confound factors Altering of perception that causes people to temporarily lose a sense of their own reality; most prevalent in people with the dissociative disorders. There is often a feeling of being outside observes of their own behavior. - Answer- Depresionalization _______ degrees = perfect positioning of the head - Answer- 30 degrees Paralysis of the lower half of the body, most often as a result of trauma - Answer- Paraplegia The presentation of one word as a stimulus for the recall of a second word - Answer- Paired-Associate The client's projection of feelings, ideas, and desires about others onto the therapist - Answer- Transference Treatment where the primary focus is on interactions and behaviors that occur while making music - Answer- Process-oriented Treatment Lateral curvature of the spine - Answer- Scoliosis Developmental DO in which there is a defect in the bony covering of the spinal cord that sometimes results in protrusion of the cord and meninges - Answer- Spina Bifida A DO when the spinal fluid is prevented from leaving the brain and being reabsorbed into the blood stream - Answer- Hydrocephalus A DO that causes inflammation of the meninges or membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord - Answer- Spinal Meningitis Flexibility of stretching of tempo and is not a tempo and of itself - Answer- Rubato A physician who specializes in rehabilitation - Answer- Physiatrist A therapist who typically works with large motor issues such as strength, endurance and flexibility - Answer- Physical Therapist [Show Less]
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CBMT Exam Prep Questions and Answers
Behavior Therapy (applied behavior analysis, behavior modification) - Answer- Therapeutic intervention designed to change behavior using techniques of oper... [Show More] ant and respondent conditioning as well as behavior analysis. Cue - Answer- stimulus, prompt): An event that sets the occasion or a certain event to occur. Discriminative Stimulus - Answer- A cue which results in a response when that response occurs only after its presentation, and not after other cues. Fading - Answer- The gradual removal of explicit prompts or cues in an attempt to maintain the behavior on its own. Generalization - Answer- The transfer of effects to other behaviors, stimuli, conditions or settings. Group contingencies - Answer- Consequences for a group as a whole dependent upon the occurrences of specified behavior in the entire group. Insight Therapy - Answer- An approach to psychotherapy whose objective is awareness of causes or motivations for behavior which, then, leads to control over the behavior and improvement of one's condition. Melodic IntonationTherapy - Answer- Clinical uses of melodies that emphasize intonation in normal speech to develop language skills in aphasic patients and others needing remediation in propositional language. Negative Punishment - Answer- The removal of stimulus, resulting in a decrease in behavior, e.g. stopping the music after the occurrence of inappropriate behavior which rests in a decrease of inappropriate behavior. Orff-Schulwerk - Answer- An approach to music education by Carl Orff that emphasizes creative experience, natural abilities and sounds, the pentatonic scale and obstinate. Paired-associate - Answer- Presentation of one word as the stimulus for the recall of a second word. Positive Reinforcement - Answer- The presentation of a stimulus, resulting in an increase in the behavior it follows, e.g., practicing piano increases when the purchase of a new piano is made contingent upon greater practice time. Psychiatric Musicology - Answer- A music therapy approach which uses music as a metaphor for examining relationships. Psychodynamic Therapy - Answer- A system of psychotherapy based on an individual's unconscious motivation and past experience. Rational Emotive Therapy - Answer- A system of psychotherapy proposed by Albert Ellis which attempts to confront one's rational belief system as a method of solving problems. Reconstructive Therapy - Answer- One type of insight-oriented therapy which examines unconscious and deep set emotions in order to restructure the personality. Reeducative Therapy - Answer- One type of insight-oriented therapy which promotes self growth and adjustment through behavior change. Schedule of Reinforcement - Answer- The behavior requirement for a reinforcing stimulus to be delivered. Schedules may not be fixed or variable, based on interval or ratio criteria. Shaping - Answer- A technique for developing new behaviors by reinforcing successive approximations of the desired behavior. Successive approximations - Answer- Behaviors which gradually resemble the target or terminal objective. Transactional Analysis - Answer- System of psychotherapy proposed by Eric Berne which examines interactions in terms of explicit roles and games as a method of recognizing and understanding the [Show Less]
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Cbmt review 2023 Questions with correct Answers
left brain strokes do better with a. nonverbal cues and gestures b. short, simple verbal cues - Answer- a. left brain stroke do much better overall comp... [Show More] rehending nonverbal cues and gestures true or false: when compliance/participation is a problem in mt sessions, it may indicate that mt is not appropriate for that individual - Answer- true being open and experiencing the session in the moment with the clinet is a. reflective b. clinical c. authentic d. accessible - Answer- C. authentic when a music therapist is able to restate and clarify the content of the session to further the therapeutic progress it is known as: a. reflective b. clinical c. authentic d. accessbile - Answer- A. reflective taking on as one's own action or a behavior that belongs to or is demonstrated by an outside source (like a style of music from another culture) is known as: a. appropriation b. misplacement c. transference d. resistence - Answer- A. appropriation a hierarchy of objectives and target behaviors that outlines the expected course of therapy sessions is: a. assessment b. objective c. target behavior d. treatment plan - Answer- D. treatment plan in which approach would the mt identify and interpret aspects of the client's song choice and response to it in relation to his emotional development? a. psychodynamic b. holistic c. humanistic d. cognitive - Answer- a. psychodynamic which approach engages the whole person, emotional, mental, and physical ? a. psychodynamic b. holistic c. humanistic d. cognitive - Answer- B. holistic a session that includes the MT and group members verbally reflecting their thoughts and feelings about other members' song choice would be using the approach: a. psychodynamic b. holistic c. humanistic d. cognitive - Answer- C In a humanistic approach, the client is allowed to make choice and express feelings and thoughts and the therapist is providing feedback and support in an open and accepting manner while encouraging others to do the same the act of focusing on a particular object for a period of time while simultaneoulsy ignoring irrelevant information that is also occuring is: a. sustained attention b. divided attention c. selective attention - Answer- C selective attention is the act of focusing on a particular object while ignoring irrelevant information that is also occuring attention that is directly focused on a stimulus for the duration of a task is: a. sustained attention b. divided attention c. selective attention - Answer- A sustained attention organizing a session in a specific order, creating music experiences for the beginning, middle, and end of the session is: a. chaining b. sequencing - Answer- B sequencing is understanding how a series of objects, events, and time occur in a specific and logical order learning a complex task by connecting simple tasks in sequence instead of exposure to a complex task all at once is: a. Shaping b. chaining c. fading d. sequencing - Answer- B. chaining MT approach that is based on the idea that a person's past influences their present behaviors and that the unconscious also strongly influences behaviors is: a. psychodynamic b. neurologic c. holistic d. behavioral - Answer- A. pyschodynamic Which disorder consists of mulitple, recurrent, and long-term somatic complaints that, after thorough medical investigation, can not be attributed to any physical disorder? a. bipolar b. schizophrenia c. depression d. somatic - Answer- D. somatic exploring the ways in which clients passively accept their circumstances and surrender control in order to make choices and start to consciously take charge of their own lives in employing principles from : a. existential therapy b. psychoanalytic therapy c. congnitive behavioral therapy d. reality therapy - Answer- A. existential therapy Which of the following psychotherapeutic models focus on helping a client having a satisfying or positive relationship with another person? a. existential b. psychoanalytic c. cognitive d. reality - Answer- D. reality an infant orienting to a voice, making eye contact, reaching for a hand, smiling and kicking when hearing their name is an example of: a. auditory perception b. executive function c. non-verbal expression d. motor skills - Answer- C. non-verbal expression what is semantic memory - Answer- refers to general world knowledge that has been accumulated episodic memory - Answer- memory of autobiographical events working memory - Answer- contains information that can be held in mind and mentally manipulated in a short period of time (material just acquired) true or false psychosocial refers to quantity and quality of interpersonal interaction - Answer- True true or false communicative refers to appropriateness of affect and emotional responses to various situations - Answer- false communicative refers to expressive and receptive language skills true or false sensorimotor refers to responses to various stimuli - Answer- true the approach that attempts to explain human behavior by understanding thought processes is a. cognitive b. psychodynamic c. holistic d. existential - Answer- A. cognitive This approach assumes that the whole person is continually being motivated by one need or another and that people have the potential to grow toward pyschological health, that is, self-actualization a. psychodynamic b. holistic c. existential d. cognitive - Answer- B. holistic this approach focuses on a person as a unique being as well as the choices that they can currently make empowering them to take responsibility for their well- being a. cognitive b. existential c. holistic d. psychodynamic - Answer- B. existential subtle problems with mood and cognition are symptoms in the early course of: a. parkinson's b. alzheimer's c. ALS d. huntington's - Answer- D huntington's which of the following is the lack of voluntary muscle movement? a. dyspnea b. ataxia c. dysphagia d. aphasisa - Answer- b. Ataxia a stress relieving exercise that focuses on bodily sensations and breathing is: a. systematic desensitization b. progressive muscle relaxation c. autogenic training d. applied relaxation training - Answer- c. autogenic training an approach that believes people have an ordered set of needs that must be fulfilled in order to achieve personal growth is: a. neurological b. behavioral c. humanistic d. developmental - Answer- c. humanistic sensory integration disorder that causes motor coordination/spoken language problems a. dyslexia b. dyscalculia c. dysgraphia d. dyspraxia - Answer- D. Dyspraxia which domain would focus their interventions on sharing, turn-taking and self -determination? a. cognitive b. social/emotional c. physical/motor d. communication - Answer- b. social/emotional which domain would focus their interventions on pre academics and attention a. cognitive b. social c. motor d. communication - Answer- a. cognitive hearing loss present at birth a. congenital b. adventitious - Answer- a. congenital adventitious hearing loss would result in a. prelingual loss b. postlingual loss - Answer- b. postlingual (adventitious is age 2 or later) One side of the body: a. hemiplegia b. diplegia c. monoplegia - Answer- a. hemiplegia [Show Less]
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CBMT practice, disorders and transposition exam
Autism - Answer- DSM IV: disturbances in: 1) development rates and/or sequence 2) response to sensory stimuli 3) speech, language, cognitive capacities ... [Show More] 4) capacity to relate to others Apraxia - Answer- a disorder of planning & positioning in the proper sequence the speech muscles to articulate words. Can understand speech but can not relay information or is delayed in response Aphasia - Answer- inability to use or understand language (spoken or written) because of a brain lesion Osteogenesis Imperfecta - Answer- autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue characterized by brittle bones that fracture easily, Brittle bone disease Spina Bifida - Answer- congenital defect in the spinal column characterized by the absence of vertebral arches, often resulting in pouching of spinal membranes or tissue monoplegia - Answer- paralysis of a single limb hemiplegia - Answer- paralysis of one side of the body paraplegia - Answer- paralysis of the lower half of the body (most often as a result of trauma) diplegia - Answer- paralysis of corresponding parts on both sides of the body triplegia - Answer- Paralysis of three limbs quadiplegia - Answer- paralysis below neck atonia - Answer- lack of normal muscular tension or tonus ataxia - Answer- inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements cataracts - Answer- clouding of the lens, often in elderly presbyacusis - Answer- abnormal physiological deterioration of auditory system, most common disorder in elderly w/ hearing loss presbyopia - Answer- loss of visual acuity (cant read fine print, etc) tardive dyskinesia - Answer- due to long term use of certain medications patients will exhibit involuntary facial grimace, movement of arms and legs, rocking motions, and abnormal tongue and lip movements Parkinson's - Answer- degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. involuntary contractions of skeletal muscles, tremos and rigidity Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease - Answer- disorder caused by a virus of the central nervous system. decrease in intellectual functioning and difficulty in coordinating movement. fatal. Huntington's Disease - Answer- hereditary, middle-age onset involuntary movement of limbs and facial muscles Alzheimer's Disease - Answer- steady gradual decline in cognitive function, lapse in judgement, change in personality, bizarre thought patters, decreased personal hygeine Dementia - Answer- multiple cognitive deficits - loss of short term memory and ability to retain new information - loss of learned information, long term memory -decrease in speech, writing, gross & fine motor skills Personality Disorders, Cluster C - Answer- anxiety & fear: OCPS, avoidant, dependent disorders Personality Disorders, Cluster B - Answer- dramatic emotional, & erratic personality disorders: antisocial, borderline, historonic Personality Disorders, Cluster A - Answer- individual is odd or eccentric: paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal personality disorders Hypomanic - Answer- less intense manic episodes Hallucinations - Answer- sensory experiences without environmental stimuli Delusions - Answer- beliefs that lack any basis in reality and maintained by patient schizophrenia - Answer- profound alterations in thinking, sensory perception, affect, and behavior. DSM IV: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech/behavior, social withdrawal Contingent Social Reinforcement - Answer- receive concrete items such as stickers, coins, etc when demonstrating correct behavior. earning enough may get you a prize/privilege Differential Reinforcement - Answer- reward appropriate behavior and ignore inappropriate behav. Sever/Profound Mental Retardation - Answer- 4-6% of people with mental disability, subnormal intelegence Moderate mental retardation - Answer- 1-2nd grade level, can follow 1-3 steps/instructions Mild Mental Retardation - Answer- 6th grade level Mental Retardation - Answer- limited in 2 or more areas: communication self care home living social skills community use self direction health and safety functional academics Alto flute - Answer- G, perfect 4th descending English Horn - Answer- F, perfect 5th descending Sop/Tenor Saxophone - Answer- Bb Baritone Sax - Answer- Eb, descending maj 6 Trumpet - Answer- Bb, descending maj 2 Asperger's Syndrome - Answer- a childhood disorder at the high-functioning end of the autistic spectrum; characterized by impaired social interest and skills and restricted interests; intelligence is usually above average and language is not delayed or deficient. often have eccentric or repetitive behavior, problems with social skills, preoccupied with rituals, limited range in interests, coordination impairmen [Show Less]
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CBMT Study Guide latest updated (Graded A)
Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Answer- Group of conditions affects functionality (autism, Rett Syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, Asperger's... [Show More] disorder, other...) (diverse amount of medical conditions affecting mental or behavioral status...) PDD often used...describe disorders have no biological status of significant effect on social and educational levels of clients. Multiply Handicapped - Answer- An individual with more than one diagnosed impairment; a physical or sensory handicap accompanied by another handicap which inhibits normal development or adjustment. Rhett Syndrome - Answer- a rare disorder found virtually exclusively in girls, is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which the child usually develops normally unitl about 6 to 18 months of age at which characteristics of the syndrome emerge; characteristics include: hypotonia (loss of muscle tone), reduced eye contact, decelerated head growth, and disinterest in play activities Williams Syndrome - Answer- Neurobehavioral congenital disorder evidenced by delayed motor development, notable difficulty in visual and spatial functioning, visuospatial mild to moderate intellectual disability. ...able to demonstrate hyperacusis, social and verbal fluency, and a marked responsiveness to music** Developmental Disability - Answer- Originates prior to 18 years of age and is an indefinitely continuing handicap Anecdotal Record - Answer- Narrative account of behaviors and events which is recorded while observing Ambulation - Answer- Walk/move from place to place Paralysis - Answer- Is the loss of muscle function in part of your body. It happens when something goes wrong with the way messages pass between your brain and muscles. Paralysis can be complete or partial. Manual Dexterity - Answer- Is the ability to use your hands in a skillful, coordinated way to grasp and manipulate objects and demonstrate small, precise movements. ISO Principle - Answer- developed by Altshuler. Matching a clients mood/intensity then gradually bring it back down Incontinence - Answer- Lack of self-restraint or lack of voluntary control of urination/defecation Apoplexy - Answer- Unconsciousness or incapacity resulting from a cerebral hemorrhage or stroke. Perceptual Motor - Answer- Pertaining to the organization and interpretation of a stimulus and its motor response Renal Failure - Answer- A condition in which the kidneys lose the ability to remove waste and balance fluids. Evidence Based Practice - Answer- The AMTA adopted the following definition of evidence-based music therapy practice in 2010: "Evidence-based music therapy practice integrates the best available research, the music therapists' expertise, and the needs, values, and preferences of the individual served." Reliability - Answer- Consistency - Test can be taken multiple times and the same answer is always gained Validity - Answer- Measures what it is suppose to measure Baseline-Treatment Design - Answer- A design which compares behavior under conditions of no treatment and treatment of some kind Case Studies - Answer- Examinations of clients undergoing treatment, generally reporting the progress of a single case or group over time Experimental Group Design - Answer- Any number of designs which employ the scientific methods to test a hypothesis and control experimental variables in a highly structured manner Matched Pair Design/Correlated Equivalent Groups - Answer- Experimental design which first equates two groups of subjects on the basis of some relevant criteria, assigns one to a treatment condition and one to a condition without treatment; then compares the performance of the two groups Random Group Design - Answer- An experimental group design which randomly assigns subjects to treatment conditions and compares performances of groups undergoing treatment vs. without treatment Repeated Measure Design - Answer- An experimental group design in which repeated observations of subjects under different treatment or no treatment conditions allows subjects to act as their own controls Multiple Baseline Design - Answer- A single subject, applied behavior analysis design in which a treatment is added successively to two or more subjects, behaviors, setting or other similar units, while other conditions are held constant. Pretest-Posttest Design: - Answer- Reversal Design (ABAB design): - Answer- A single subject, applied behavior analysis design which generally involves observing behavior during baseline, treatment, a return to baseline, then treatment is reapplied Single Subject, Applied behavior analysis design: - Answer- A research design, which assesses the effect of treatment. Task Analysis - Answer- A detailed breakdown of the behaviors involved in a particular skill or task, listed in the order of occurrence. FAPE - Answer- Free & Appropriate Public Education (current FAPE law is IDEA) IDEA - Answer- Individuals with Disabilities Education Act LRE - Answer- Least Restrictive Environment PLOP - Answer- Present Level of Performance Labile - Answer- Quickly altering emotional state Enmeshment - Answer- is description of a relationship between two or more people in which personal boundaries are permeable and unclear. This often happens on an emotional level in which two people "feel" each other's emotions or when one person becomes emotionally escalated and the other family member(s) do as well. Discriminative Stimulus - Answer- A cue that results in a response only after the stimulus Psychiatric Musicology - Answer- A music therapy approach which uses music as a metaphor for examining relationships Aphasia - Answer- Disorder of language due to a brain damage. Language is disproportionally worse when compared to other cognitive functions/impairments. Specific to brain areas responsible for language Apraxia - Answer- Inability to execute or carry out purposeful movements effects expressive speech Ataxia - Answer- Lack of coordination of muscle movements Dysarthria - Answer- Problems with muscles that make it difficult to pronounce words Dysnomia - Answer- Learning disability associated with difficulty retrieving correct words/names/etc. from memroy Dysphagia - Answer- Language disorder associated with swallowing issues Dysphoric - Answer- Feelings of dejection, underestimation of self Schedule of Reinforcement - Answer- behavioral requirements for reinforcing stimulus to be delivered Fixed-ratio schedule - Answer- trick or treating getting one piece of candy per house Fixed- interval schedule: - Answer- Working - getting paid $6.50 an hour Variable-ratio schedule: - Answer- Slot machine - pays off on average 1 every 50 pulls Variable-interval schedule - Answer- Fishing - the fish bit on average 1 every 20 mins Selective attention - Answer- the capacity for or process of reacting to certain stimuli selectively when several occur simultaneously. Focused attention - Answer- is the brain's ability to concentrate its attention on a target stimulus for any period of time. Shifting attention - Answer- moving the focus of attention from one thing to another Sustained attention - Answer- - the ability to focus on a particular activity or stimulus for a long period of time Divided Attention - Answer- Occurs when mental focus is on multiple tasks or ideas at once. Also known as multitasking: singing along to a song while driving, having a conversation while walking. Encephalitis - Answer- inflammation of the brain Child Onset Fluency Disorder - Answer- Trouble with flow of speech Autonomy - Answer- self-directing freedom and especially moral independence. Executive functions - Answer- decision making, problem solving Assessment Domains: - Answer- Pyschosocial - Answer- quantity and quality of a persons interpersonal interaction Emotional - Answer- Appropriateness of affect and emotional responses to various situations Communicative - Answer- expressive & receptive language skills Sensorimotor - Answer- Sensorimotor: responses to various stimuli - Answer- Types of therapy/practice that relate to music therapy Behavioral therapy - Answer- This approach focuses on learning's role in developing both normal and abnormal behaviors. Classic conditioning: Pavlov's dog: associated sound with food. Desensitizing: client with phobia - repeated exposure. Cognitive behavioral therapy - Answer- focuses on both thoughts and behaviors Cognitive therapy - Answer- Focuses on what people think rather than what they do. Believes that it's dysfunctional thinking that leads to dysfunctional emotions/behaviors Holistic therapy - Answer- refers to a school of thought in therapy that attempts to address an individual as a whole person rather than as someone who is sick, just has psychological issues, or as being separated into different components. Holistic therapy attempts to address the individual in terms of their mind, spirit, and body. Humanistic therapy - Answer- Humanistic approach emphasizes people's capacity to make rational choices and develop to their maximum potential. Concern and respect for others are also important themes. Existential therapy - Answer- focuses on free will, self-determination and the search for meaning of life. Taking control of your life Neuroscience: - Answer- how the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences Psychodynamic - Answer- This approach focuses on changing problematic behaviors, feelings, and thoughts by discovering their unconscious meanings and motivations. Rational Emotive Therapy - Answer- Attempts to confront one's rational belief system as a method of solving problems Person Centered therapy - Answer- identifies that each person has the capacity and desire for personal growth and change. The therapist offers support, guidance, and structure so that the client can discover personalized solutions within themselves. Gestalt Therapy - Answer- Therapists use creative and experiential techniques to enhance awareness, freedom and self-direction. People are intricately linked to and influenced by their environments and that all people strive toward growth and balance. Work toward become more self-aware. Reality therapy - Answer- Focuses on improving current behaviors, relationships and circumstances while avoiding discussion of past events Insight Music Therapy - Answer- An approach to psychotherapy whose objective is awareness of causes or motivation for behavior which then leads to control over the behavior and improvement of one's condition Reconstructive therapy - Answer- One type of insight therapy which examines unconscious and deep-set emotions in order restructure the personality Reeducative therapy - Answer- One type of insight oriented therapy which promotes self growth and adjustment through behavior change Metaphor - Answer- An experience or setting within which behavior is representative or indicative of other life experiences or environments Fibromyalgia - Answer- A nonarticular rheumatic disorder, also known as myofasical pain syndrome; characterized by pain, stiffness and extreme tenderness in muscles Transactional Analysis - Answer- System of psychotherapy proposed by Eric Berne which examines interactions in terms of explicit roles and games as a method of recognizing and understanding these patterns of behaviors Music Therapy Clinical Standards for - Answer- (Reread the Clinical Standards on AMTA) Addictive Disorders - Answer- Use of music to restore, maintain and improve mental, physical and physiological needs. - Answer- Include family member participation in the treatment plan when appropriate At the time of termination of services, evaluate client's functioning levels in - Answer- physiological, affective, sensory, communicative, social-emotional, and cognitive functioning Consultant: - Answer- May provide services to other professionals in the MT and related disciplines and others directly involved with the client Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities - Answer- Significant delay in intellectual development and adaptive behavior, formerly known as mental retardation. Educational Settings - Answer- Use of music as a medium for assisting the students in meeting defined educational goals & objectives. MT works closely with team Evaluation of goals & objectives must be made according to the ESP - Answer- Older Adults: - Answer- Use of music with emphasis on the development, restoration or maintenance of each individual at the highest possible level of functioning Medical Setting - Answer- Use of music (not limited to) designated as medical-surgical, pediatric, palliative care, obstetrics, rehabilitation and wellness care. Include family member in participation in the treatment plan when appro [Show Less]
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CBMT Practice Exam 2023 with complete solutions
A 6 year old client is incredibly social, afraid of the sound of a vacuum, and is small for their age. What may be their diagnosis? A. Rett Syndrome B. A... [Show More] utism Spectrum Disorder C. Williams Syndrome D. Disintegrative Disorder - Answer- C. Williams Syndrome A client during music therapy brings up that they feel "odd" around a coworker. They share distinct examples of them feeling "odd" with lots of descriptive details. What type of thinking is this? A. Concrete Thinking B. Abstract Thinking C. Logical Thinking D. Magical Thinking - Answer- A. Concrete Thinking Your objective reads: "A client will play the guitar for a total of 10 minutes during a music therapy session." Which measuring tool are you utilizing? A. Interval B. Continuous C. Frequency D. Duration - Answer- D. Duration In a music therapy session, the therapist focuses on improvisation. The therapist plays a chord and allows the client to freely associate verbally and then musically. What type of psychological theory is the therapist mostly likely pulling from? A. Psychodynamic Theory B. Behavioral Theory C. Cognitive-Behavioral Theory D. Holistic Theory - Answer- A. Psychodynamic Theory You brought a timer with you to the therapy session. The timer is set to go off every 5 minutes in order to measure the amount of times your client plays the guitar. What kind of measurement are you using? A. Continuous B. Interval C. Frequency D. Duration - Answer- B. Interval If a client has difficulty swallowing, which disorder do they most likely have? A. Aphasia B. Dysphagia C. Dysarthria D. Ataxia - Answer- B. Dyphagia A teenage client is referred to music therapy for anger management. During the assessment, the client shares that he is angry about having to come to therapy, and states that he enjoys heavy metal music. The therapist does not feel as though they are able to adequately play heavy metal music, and dislikes the genre. The BEST action for the therapist is to A. Explain to the client that heavy metal would make him angry, and is therefore counterproductive B. Familiarize herself with heavy metal music, and bring in receptive or re-creative music sessions C. Explain to the client that she is unable to play heavy metal, and encourage them to choose something else D. Expose the client to a new genre in hopes to improve their musical appreciation to new styles - Answer- B. Familiarize herself with heavy metal music, and bring in receptive or re-creative music sessions. Which of the following examples shows professional development as a therapist? A. Conduct research, continue your education, and collaborate with colleagues B. Document treatment plans, collaborate with others, and expand musical repertoire C. Participate in continuing education, comply with safety protocols, and review current research D. Participate in research set professional goals, and maintain confidentiality with clients - Answer- A. Conduct research, continue your education, and collaborate with colleagues At the conclusion of treatment, the music therapist should document all of the following EXCEPT: A. Termination plan B. Follow-up procedures C. Client's current functioning level D. Client's family history - Answer- D. Client's family history During a music therapy session in a psychiatric facility, clients express their grief and mixed emotions concerning a recent suicide in the facility. The music therapist should FIRST A. Provide a relaxation experience to redirect the clients' attention B. Compose a song to honor the lost life C. Validate and normalize the group member's response through music D. Engage the group in songwriting about suicide prevention - Answer- C. Validate and normalize the group's responses through music A client with a diagnosis of dementia is withdrawn and appearing unaware of what is going on around them. The music therapist is attempting to assess her musical responses by playing popular music from her twenties. Which of the following responses MOST actively indicates her familiarity with a certain song? A. She looks at the therapist when they sing B. She straightens her posture C. She sings the tune along with the therapist D. Gently tapping her foot to the rhythm of the music - Answer- C. She sings the tune along with the therapist A client with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder comes to your music therapy group. The client is complaining of exaustion and has a sluggish demeanor. Which of the following most likely accounts for this? 1. Side effects of new medication 2. Symptoms of mania 3. Symptoms of anxiety 4. Symptoms of depression [Show Less]
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Medical Terminology-CBMT Music therapy Exam 2023
Aphasia - Answer- Inability to communicate , impaired language Process Apraxia - Answer- Inability to perform motor activities despite adequate cognitio... [Show More] n and motor skills Ataxia - Answer- Lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movement , staggering gait Auto-Immunity - Answer- Immune system attacking the body Bilabial Speech sound - Answer- A sound articulated using both lips (p,b,m) Broca's Area - Answer- Area of the brain responsible for producing language and articulating speech Automatisms - Answer- The performance of actions without conscious thought or intent Contractures - Answer- Abnormally reduced joint movement due to shortened muscles Degeneration - Answer- Breakdown of tissue Dysarthria - Answer- Weak facial muscles cause speech difficulties Dyspraxia - Answer- Difficulty planning and coordinating movements expressive aphasia - Answer- output (written/verbal) problems, inability to form words Flaccidity - Answer- weakness or paralysis due to poor muscle tone Gait - Answer- Small rapid shuffle breaking into a run, risk of falling Hemiplegia - Answer- Paralysis of one side of the body Hyperactivity - Answer- State of excess activity such as fidgeting,jumpiness or excessive movement Hypokinesia - Answer- decreased movement impulsivity - Answer- Behaviour characterised by little or no forethought, reflection or consideration of consequences Kinesthetic perceptual abilities - Answer- ability to sense body position and movement of body parts as a relative to each other. Labile Affect - Answer- Uncontrollable episodes of involuntary crying and/or laughing Left Neglect - Answer- ignoring anything to the left of your body Paraplegia - Answer- Paralysis of lower extremities, legs and trunk Proprioception - Answer- the inability to sense stimuli arising within the body regarding position, motion and equilibrium. Quadriplegia - Answer- Paralysis of four limbs and trunk Receptive aphasia - Answer- Comprehension pro [Show Less]
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CBMT Exam 2 Questions and Answers
During initial assessment, a patient answers questions about her spirituality and states, "I am very spiritual and religious." How should the music therapi... [Show More] st interpret this information? A. Recognize that spiritual music is specific to each region of the United States and provide music accordingly. B. Since the music therapist is also spiritual and religious, she can assume that the patient shares the same spiritual belief system. There is no need to further explore the patient's perspective. C. Explore what the patient means by "spiritual and religious" and openly discuss the patient's point of view. D. Determine what the patient means by "spiritual and religious" and initiate a discussion about the merits of each spiritual belief system. - Answer- C. Explore what the patient means by "spiritual and religious" and openly discuss the patient's point of view. A music therapist is working in a choral ensemble with a group of adults who have developmental disabilities. The group's long term goal is to perform in the community. Which of the following will MOST likely affect the group's success? A. simplifying parts to meet individual group members' abilities B. choosing music that is highly preferred by the group C. choosing music with which each group member is familiar D. arranging the ensemble participants based on musical ability - Answer- A. simplifying parts to meet individual group members' abilities A 7 year old girl with a severe developmental disability is receiving music therapy in a residential setting. She is nonverbal and prone to be fearful and anxious in new situations. When brought into the therapy room for her first session, she actively resists and begins to cry. The music therapist, working in an improvisational model, might do which of the following? 1. Meet the child by playing music to express the intensity of her crying. 2. Reflect the child's sound and breathing with careful musical phrasing. 3. Comfort the child by holding and rocking her while singing soothing lyrics. 4. Sing without words so the child hears another voice that corresponds to how she is feeling. A. 1, 2, and 3 only B. 1, 2, and 4 only C. 1, 3, and 4 only D. 2, 3, and 4 only - Answer- B. 1, 2, and 4 only A client who only knows guitar chords in first position wants to learn a song with the tablature for the following chords: E, B7, A, c#, and f#. Which of the following transpositions BEST ensures successful playing of the song? A. F, C7, Bb, d, g B. D, A7, G, b, e C. A, E7, D, f#, b D. G, D7, C, e, a - Answer- D. G, D7, C, e, a A client is referred to music therapy to increase on-task behavior and to encourage social interaction. After three months of weekly sessions, the client has not met the on-task objective, but social interaction has improved. The music therapist's BEST response would be to A: change the criteria of the on-task objective to challenge the client. B: identify new goals the client may be more successful at completing. C: refer the client to a social skills group. . D: re-evaluate the strategies and expected outcomes of the on-task objective. - Answer- D: re-evaluate the strategies and expected outcomes of the on-task objective. A music therapist is working with a stroke patient who demonstrates left neglect and difficulty crossing midline. In order to address both needs through instrumental playing, the therapist should position a drum A: to the patient's right side and place a mallet in each hand. B: to the patient's right side and pace a mallet in the right hand. C: to the patient's left side and place a mallet in the right hand. D: directly in front of the patient and place a mallet in the right hand. - Answer- C: to the patient's left side and place a mallet in the right hand. An adult with severe, chronic asthma receives individual music therapy in an outpatient rehabilitation clinic. Treatment goals include increasing breath support and developing intercostal muscle strength to improve voice quality. When selecting song material, which of the following is the MOST crucial aspect to consider? A: client preference B: phrase length C: tessitura D: song duration - Answer- B: phrase length A music therapist is assisting a terminally ill client who is preparing for his impending death. The BEST choice of music for the patient's final hours is music that has been A: selected by the client B: designed to elicit relaxation C: selected previously by the family or significant others. D: designed for spiritual transformation - Answer- A: selected by the client In a residential facility, which of the following is the MOST reliable method for determining whether a client's progress has generalized? A: Evaluate target behaviors of the client outside of the therapy setting. B: Consult with direct care workers who are in contact with the client in the residential setting. C: Consult progress notes written by other members of the client's multidisciplinary team. D: Evaluate whether the client's behavior outside of therapy is appropriate to the context of the residential setting. - Answer- A: Evaluate target behaviors of the client outside of the therapy setting. Which of the following examples illustrate professional development? A: Document treatment plans, collaborate with other colleagues, and expand music repertoire. B: Conduct or assist with research, participate in continuing education, and engage in collaboration with other colleagues. C: Participate in research, set professional goals, and maintain client confidentiality. D: Participate in continuing education, comply with safety protocols, and review current research literature. - Answer- B: Conduct or assist with research, participate in continuing education, and engage in collaboration with other colleagues. A 52 year old woman hospitalized for ovarian cancer requests music therapy to help her relax and sleep. During the initial session conducted at bedtime, the patient shares her fears and life story before the use of any music intervention. After validating the patient's feelings, the BEST direction for the music therapist to take is to A: discuss favorite songs important to the patient's life. B: improvise soft guitar music to help the patient go to sleep. C: compose a song together reflecting the patient's disclosure. D: close the session and bring the patient's favorite music to follow-up visits. - Answer- B: improvise soft guitar music to help the patient go to sleep. During a session on an adolescent psychiatric unit, one of the clients play his guitar to preferred music continuously, not allowing the other clients to suggest songs. Another client, playing electric keyboard, turns up the volume of his instrument and begins to play different songs. The guitar player reacts by playing his instrument louder and faster. The music therapist should A: take the instruments away from the two clients and confront them about the behavior. B: end the group and report the behavior to the counselors. C: suggest the two clients leave the group and allow the others to continue. D: stop the music and process the disruption. - Answer- D: stop the music and process the disruption. Which of the following types of recording procedure is being employed when a music therapist uses a stopwatch to time how long a child marches to music? A: event B: duration C: continuous D: fixed ratio - Answer- B: duration Termination of music therapy treatment is appropriate when the A: client has lost interest in the treatment B: therapist is unable to establish a good rapport with the client. C: client has met all outcome criteria. D: client has stopped making progress toward current goals. - Answer- C: client has met all outcome criteria. What type of scale on the keyboard uses only black keys? A: Aeolian B: Ionian C: Pentatonic D: Lydian - Answer- C: Pentatonic A new music therapist is uncertain as to the clinical implications of music behaviors observed in a group setting. The BEST approach to understanding the nature of these behaviors is to A: regard the behaviors as potentially pathological and develop treatment plans. B: regard the behaviors as potentially pathological and explore their etiology C: discuss the behaviors with the client's families and significant others. D: discuss the behaviors with other music therapists familiar with this population. - Answer- D: discuss the behaviors with other music therapists familiar with this population. A developmental disorder in which there is a defect in the bony covering of the spinal cord that sometimes results in protrusion of the cord and meninges is called A: scoliosis B: spina bifida C: hydrocephalus D: spinal meningitis - Answer- B: spina bifida A nurse has referred the mother of a six-year-old patient on the acute burn unit for music therapy services. According to the referral, the mother has withdrawn from her child and demonstrates apprehension when encouraged to interact with her. The BEST way for the music therapist to assess the current level of mother-child interaction would be through A: consultation with the social worker and the nursing staff B: interview with the father to fain his perspective C: observation of music-based play activities between mother and child. D: therapeutic song-writing with the child and the music therapist. - Answer- C: observation of music-based play activities between mother and child. A music therapist in an outpatient clinic leads a group of four adult clients with mental health issues such as schizophrenia and mood disorders. Each session includes instrumental improvisation with an opportunity for verbal processing afterwards. In one session the music begins softly, out of tempo, and gradually becomes more rhythmic and dissonant. The intensity of the music builds as both the tempo and volume increase, with everyone joining in, and gradually dies down before coming to an end. Afterwards, client A says the music was frightening. Client B states she had an image of being on the beach, listening to the waves. Client C comments that the music made him feel anxious. Client D says she found the music peaceful and calming. The BEST conclusion that the music therapist can draw from this discussion is that A: the improvisation did not enhance group cohesion [Show Less]
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CBMT Mock Exam 1 Questions with correct Answers
A patient exhibits distracted, unfocused behaviors during a final session. To BEST meet the client's immediate needs prior to discharge, the therapist shou... [Show More] ld focus on the clients - Answer- feelings about termination. A 10-year-old music therapy client with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) has met all music goals, and the music therapist presents his discharge summary at her agency's weekly staffing. In other therapists, the client has made very little progress and remains defiant and resistive. The music therapist should - Answer- collaborate with other professionals to target generalization of behaviors in music therapy to other setting. When completing a behavioral assessment, information relating ONLY to behaviors observed, not interpretation, is considered - Answer- objective. A music therapist has completed an assessment on a patient who has Parkinson's disease. The patient was referred for treatment of dysarthria. When planning a music therapy treatment program, the therapist should focus on - Answer- oral motor control. A school music teacher refers an 8-year-old boy to the school's music therapist because he is "uncooperative and unfocused," "disruptive during class," and "always wanting to playthings his own way." The music therapist should FIRST - Answer- schedule an assessment of the child. Which of the following music experiences BEST promotes spatial awareness for a group of adults which developmental disabilities? - Answer- facilitating structured movement through live music. A music therapist is assigned to conduct an initial assessment for a 12-year-old who is blind and walks with a cane. Which of the following rooms would BEST enable the therapist to conduct a comprehensive assessment for this client? - Answer- large room with a concrete floor and two couches set up against the wall. An objective reads: "Within 6 weeks, the client will demonstrate on-task behavior by playing the drum for 2 consecutive minutes in three of four trials." Which of the following data collection procedures will BEST document the clients progress toward this objective? - Answer- Record the amount of time the client engages in drum playing for each trial. A music therapist is facilitating group cooperation and decision making by using songwriting. A group member with low self-esteem often provides entire verses of lyrics which ignoring other members' suggestions. To facilitate the group goals, the therapist should - Answer- structure the task to promote an equal response from each group member. A music therapist with basic guitar skills wants to accompany a song written in the key of Ab major, using Ab, Db, and Eb7 chords. To allow for the use of all first position chords and only minimally affect the songs vocal register, the song should be transposed to the key of - Answer- G Major A teenage client diagnosed with a conduct disorder was referred to music therapy for anger management. During assessment, the client is angry about being required to attend music therapy and states he likes gangsta rap. The music therapist is not familiar with gangsta rap, but dislikes rap music. The BEST action for the therapist is to - Answer- familiarize herself with gangsta rap to find music to which the client can relate. An individual has the following duster of symptoms: - failure to develop peer relationships appropriate to developmental level. - apparently inflexible adherence to specific, nonfunctional routines or rituals. - general delay in language - delay in cognitive development or in the development of age-appropriate self-help skills, adaptive behavior, or curiosity about the environment in childhood. Which of the following is the specific diagnostic label? - Answer- autism spectrum disorder. When working to sustain the attention of a child during a medical procedure, the MOST important attribute of the music to consider is - Answer- rate of change. A 14-year-old boy is referred to an outpatient music therapy group. The group is learning to play a 12-bar blues pattern using guitars, keyboards, and drums. The client's records indicate low self-esteem and difficulty processing auditory information. To engage the client quickly in the group, the therapist should - Answer- play a drum along with the client in a steady beat. A 13-year-old client with autism is brought to his initial music therapy session. According to his record, he shows tactile defensiveness and has limited verbal ability. On entering the room, he walks around its perimeter looking at his hand as he runs it along the wall. In the room, there is a piano, a drum, and a xylophone. Which of the following is the BEST initial approach to working with his client? - Answer- Observe and musically reflect his responses to the environment. A song on the guitar in the key of C needs to be transposed to the key of Eb. Using first position fingering in the key of C, the therapist needs to place the capo on the - Answer- 3rd fret. A physical therapy department is developing a wellness exercise program. The physical therapists ask the music therapist to assist them in selecting music for use during exercises. To represent the BEST collaborative effort, the music therapist should - Answer- suggest that the music therapist co-lead the exercises with the clients. At the conclusion of treatment, the music therapist should document all of the following EXCEPT the - Answer- client's family history. A music therapist has recently started to work in a forensic setting. The music therapist was given very clear instructions concerning safety of the clients no instruments can be brought onto the unit, including guitar, keyboard, and percussion instruments. Which of the following is the BEST action for the therapist to take? - Answer- Adhere to the instructions. For several months, a music therapist has conducted weekly sessions with a 45-year-old woman in outpatient oncology. They have been compiling a musical CD for her three young children as a legacy. Prior to completion of the CD, the patient is suddenly discharged to - Answer- contact hospice and arrange for transition to the facility's music therapist. Which of the following statements made by a music therapist is subjective? - Answer- "The client was angry and had difficulty tolerating the session." A music therapy production is planned for presentation to clients, staff, and guests at an institution. The music therapist is asked to design a printed program providing recognition to the participating clients. The therapist must - Answer- ensure that clients whose names are to be printed have signed a written release form. While working with a child, the music therapist raises her eyebrows when the child reaches for a mallet, which is an off-task behavior. The child immediately pulls her hand away. The therapist has - Answer- communicated limits. A client in a residential facility is absent from a regularly scheduled music therapy group. After the music therapist investigates the reason for the client's absence, the NEXT step is to - Answer- document the absence. A music therapist has been hired by a facility to establish a new music therapy program. Which of the following would be the MOST effective way to seek referrals? - Answer- Conduct a music therapy in-service for the facility staff and encourage referrals. During an initial music therapy assessment of an individual who is comatose, the presentation of loud and abrupt auditory stimuli is used to assess - Answer- the startle reflex. In order to target the goal of increasing reality orientation in a client with a diagnosis of a major dissociative disorder, a music therapist should use which of the following techniques? - Answer- improvisation, songwriting and singing A music therapy intern is considering referring a client to her clinical supervisor because the client demonstrates behaviors reminiscent of the intern's own domineering older sister. The client's behaviors are eliciting reactions in the intern that are reflective of her own relationship with her sister. In order to assist the intern's professional development, the clinical supervisor should suggest that - Answer- the intern examines how her countertransference is limiting her therapeutic objectivity. Confidential information from a music therapy assessment and treatment plan may be revealed under all of the following circumstances EXCEPT - Answer- when the client's insurance company requests it. Musical assessment of executive functions in a patient with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) can BEST be achieved by - Answer- creating an original composition. During a music therapy assessment, a client with late-stage dementia changed her facial expression several times, hummed parts of a familiar melody, made eye contact with the therapist, and attempted to play a hand drum. She was unresponsive to other stimuli in the environment. Which of the following would be the BEST treatment recommendation for this client? 1. individual sessions emphasizing sensory awareness and stimulation 2. a small rhythm group emphasizing group cohesiveness 3. a music appreciation group emphasizing reminiscence and life review 4. individual sessions emphasizing reality orientation - Answer- 1. individual sessions emphasizing sensory awareness and stimulation In an educational setting, all of the following are sources for assessment data EXCEPT 1. the school records. 2. client consultation. 3. peer interview. 4. clinical observation. - Answer- 3. peer interview. The music therapist does not agree with a treatment team decision regarding client treatment. Which of the following is the BEST action for the therapist to take? 1. Adhere to the treatment team decision despite the therapist's disagreement. 2. Express disagreement and independently revise the treatment plan. 3. Disregard the treatment plan and proceed based on best professional judgment. 4. Work to resolve the issue with the treatment team. - Answer- 4. Work to resolve the issue with the treatment team. A client with dysphasia should be referred to which of the following professionals? 1. Physician 2. speech/language pathologist 3. physical therapist 4. occupational therapist - Answer- 2. speech/language pathologist During a music therapy session, a 52-year-old inpatient describes his plans to kill his ex-wife. The music therapist should 1. maintain confidentiality and not share this information with anyone. 2. not frighten his wife by calling her but contact his wife's family and request that they tell her in person. 3. post the patient's intention on the internet to warm the public of the potential threat. 4. consult federal, state, and local regulations and organizational policies and procedures to determine what to do. - Answer- 4. consult federal, state, and local regulations and organizational policies and procedures to determine what to do. When conducting research, a music therapist should do which of the following? 1. Omit any information which may discourage participation in the advertisement to recruit research participants. 2. Obtain consent from participants when using deception in research. 3. Obtain informed consent from participant prior to their involvement in the study. 4. Collaborate with funding agencies who may potentially benefit financially from outcomes. - Answer- 3. Obtain informed consent from participant prior to their involvement in the study. When an initial referral is received for a music therapy assessment in a hospital setting, what intake information about the patient should the music therapist obtain FIRST? 1. insurance provider, status, and length of coverage 2. name, medical record or ID number, and date of birth 3. only the family's explanation and perspective of the current medical situation psychological and educational needs - Answer- 2. name, medical record or ID number, and date of birth A music therapist wishes to obtain assessment data on a school age girl who is in foster care. The child has been recommended for music therapy services in her home. The music therapist should use which of the following resources? 1. reports from her primary teacher 2. questionnaire completed by a foster parent 3. interview with the biological mother 4. observation of the child in the home environment - Answer- 1. reports from her primary teacher, 2. questionnaire completed by a foster parent & 4. observation of the child in the home environment Which of the following is a language disorder which affects the ability of a patient with a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) to accurately relay information during an initial music therapy assessment? 1. Aphasia 2. Ataxia 3. Dysphagia 4. dyslexia - Answer- 1. Aphasia A music therapist is playing a CD with lively music that contains a driving beat. A young client who has never been known by the therapist to have a seizure experiences one during this intervention. Which of the following is the BEST course of action for the music therapist in response to this occurrence? 1. Conclude that the seizure was caused by the music and discontinue music therapy. 2. Discontinue music therapy until the child is evaluated by a neurologist. 3. Continue music therapy and recommend that the client see a doctor for medication. 4. Continue with the intervention and let the teacher know that the client had a seizure during music therapy. - Answer- 2. Discontinue music therapy until the child is evaluated by a neurologist. A client has recently been admitted to a psychiatric facility with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. The client comes to a group music therapy session exhibiting sleepiness and sluggish demeanor. Which of the following MOST likely accounts for this presentation? 1. side effects of newly prescribed medication 2. symptoms of depression 3. symptoms of mania 4. symptoms of anxiety - Answer- 1. side effects of newly prescribed medication and 2. symptoms of depression. Which of the following chord diagrams represents a I, IV, V7 chord progression on the guitar in the key of C? 1. D, G, A7 2. C, F, G7 3. E, A, B7 4. Em, Am, D7 - Answer- 2. C, F, G7 While completing an assessment on a patient who is 10-days post stroke, the music therapist interviews the spouse to get more information. The spouse reports that the patient does not enjoy music and is not a good candidate for music therapy. The music therapist should 1. discontinue the music therapy assessment and make recommendations to another type of therapy. 2. continue the assessment to determine if music can be used effectively with the patient. 3. use only non-musical assessment tools to avoid agitating the patient. 4. discuss the spouse's comment with the treatment learn and make a team decision on how to continue. - Answer- 2. continue the assessment to determine if music can be used effectively with the patient. When practicing "universal precautions," a music therapist should 1. work with sick patients in isolation from healthy patients. 2. anticipate differing levels of precautions based on patient diagnosis. 3. group together the HIV positive patients. 4. wear gloves when in contact with any patient's bodily fluids. - Answer- 4. wear gloves when in contact with any patient's bodily fluids. The MOST discriminating musical experience to assess a client's fine motor skills would be to ask the client to 1. play a scale on the piano. 2. strum the strings on an Autoharp. 3. imitate rhythms on the tambourine. 4. march and clap in rhythm to a song. - Answer- 1. play a scale on the piano. Which of the following must a music therapist following best practice adhere to? 1. Stay informed about current research evidence for clinical treatment. 2. Stay current with regulations related to reimbursements for treatment. 3. Assure that the best line of musical instruments is available to the facility. 4. Include functional non-musical behaviors in assessment and documentation. - Answer- 1. Stay informed about current research evidence for clinical treatment, 2. Stay current with regulations related to reimbursements for treatment and 4. Include functional non-musical behaviors in assessment and documentation. Which of the following is the MOST structured group songwriting experience? 1. Ask clients to write a melody and lyrics in their favorite style of music. 2. Break the group into pairs and ask the clients to write lyrics to a melody of their choice. 3. Ask clients to write lyrics about their treatment and match the lyrics to a familiar melody. 4. Ask clients to fill in the blanks to a familiar song where key words have been deleted. - Answer- 4. Ask clients to fill in the blanks to a familiar song where key words have been deleted. A music therapist engages a client in a stress-relieving exercise that involves tensing and relaxing various parts of the body while listening to client-preferred sedative music. This technique is known as 1. systematic desensitization. 2. progressive muscle relaxation. 3. autogenic training. 4. applied relaxation training. - Answer- 2. progressive muscle relaxation. Which of the following is the BEST way to assess a client's rhythmic stability? 1. Instruct the client to maintain a rhythmic ostinato. 2. Ask the client to reproduce a rhythmic pattern after a 2-minute interval. 3. Ask the client to imitate various rhythmic patterns. 4. Have the client initiate various rhythmic patterns. - Answer- 1. Instruct the client to maintain a rhythmic ostinato. Under HIPAA Privacy Rules, the music therapist must remove which of the following types of data when "de-identifying" client information? 1. the client's street address 2. the client's social security number 3. the client's state of residence 4. the client's email address - Answer- 1. the client's street address 2. the client's social security number and 4. the client's email address. A music therapist is working to increase a patient's vital lung capacity [Show Less]
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