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Bundle for PECT PreK-4 exam verified
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PECT Module 2 PreK-4 questions and answers 100% correct
Which is most likely to interrupt a student's reading fluency? a. Text is too much to read in one sitting b. Student doesn't understand 15% of vowels c.... [Show More] Student doesn't know sight words or phonetic sounds d. None of the above C You ask a student to look at a book without words and orally tell a story just by looking at pictures. Which ability are you assessing? a. Concept of print b. Story Structure c. Phonics d. None of the above B A boy reads slowly but accurately. What is an appropriate intervention? a. Repeated reading on a text that is at his independent level b. Echo read of a text at his instructional level c. Group reading d. None of the above A If a child struggles with fluency, what can you expect? a. The student will struggle with comprehension b. The student will struggle with phonics c. The student will struggle with vocabulary d. The student will never learn to read A A teacher has her students crouch when the music is low and stand on their tiptoes when the music is high. What musical concept is she reinforcing? a. Tempo b. Pitch c. Timbre d. Dynamics B A class goes on a field trip to a supermarket. The produce manager explains to the class that fruits are grown in other areas and then transported to the store. Which activity would further the student's knowledge of spatial interaction? a. Research the climates of the areas the fruits come from b. Chart the different modes of transportation used to move the fruit c. Study the food traditions in the different areas d. Find the location of where different fruits are grown and map how they get to the store D A first grade class visits a pet store. Once returning back to the classroom the students are broken up into various groups for different jobs. After this, the teacher holds a discussion on their activities. What topic is the teacher laying the foundation for in future years? a. Opportunity cost b. Universal needs c. Economic interdependence d. Disposable income C A teacher wants to connect a science unit with social studies. The students are charting a plant's growth. Which concept is the teacher targeting? a. Time b. Continuity c. Location d. Environment A Ms. Duke is teaching a small group of first grade students. She is giving them the sounds /b/ /i/ /g/ and then sweeping them together to say "big." Her group is practicing this skill with several short vowel words. What skill is Ms. Duke working on with this group? a. Alphabetic knowledge b. Print awareness c. Fluency d. Phonemic awareness D A kindergarten teacher includes poetry in her daily read-alouds. She asks her students to listen to the rhymes of familiar poems and sometimes to provide a new rhyming word. Which reading skill is she practicing with her class? a. Sight or concrete words b. Print awareness c. Phonemic awareness d. Connecting print to letter sounds C Sometimes parents are not up-to-date on current instructional practices. Which would be a good way to explain invented spelling to a parent of a kindergarten student? a. A system invented by teachers to help students learn to spell words correctly b. The ability to recognize and read words by translating the letters into speech sounds c. Vocabulary words which students should know by the end of the year d. The use of letter-sound relationship to attempt to write words D There are yellow balloons that your students make into a sculpture. What concept is being taught? a. Line b. Form c. Shape d. None of the above B You want to teach the concept of change over a period of time. What activity should you choose? a. Make a poster with a timeline of your birth to your kindergarten years b. Have a discussion about the presidents of the U.S. c. Watch a video and answer questions about timelines d. None of the above A Young children often begin to recognize words that they see like names of restaurants and toy stores or names of cereal on the boxes. This type of familiar print is referred to as: a. Visual literacy b. Frequency literacy c. Environmental print d. Morphemes C Which of the following design elements would you teach in correlation with a math unit? a. Harmony b. Variety c. Rhythm d. Pattern D A kindergarten teacher wants her students to understand that words are made up of smaller sound units or syllables. Which of the following questions should the teacher use to work on phonological awareness? a. Which of the following words rhymes with sunny? b. Can you give me another word that starts with the same sound as seven? c. First say older, now add sh. What is the new word? d. Say tiger. Now say "ti" and then say "ger." D Which phonics unit should be taught last? a. Silent e combinations b. Silent consonants c. Consonant digraphs d. Consonant blends B What is an appropriate art activity for kindergarten? a. Silk screening b. Woodworking c. Stamping d. Etching C How is a student demonstrating civic responsibility/being a good citizen? a. Raising his hand in class b. Clean up for recycling c. Behaving while walking down the hallway d. Voting to pick the class field trip B What is it called when a student speaks alone on stage during a play? a. Monologue b. Recitation c. Commentary d. Exhortation A During a first grade social studies lesson, a child mentions that she lives near the city library. The teacher could take this time to reinforce which social studies concept? a. Location b. Region c. Community d. Habitat C A teacher in a kindergarten classroom wants to take an initial assessment of the students in her class. She asks them individually to pick a book from the reading center and pretend to read it by flipping through the pages. What is she assessing? a. Book handling skills b. Text to print connection c. Fluency d. Phonemic awareness A [Show Less]
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PECT PreK-4 Module 1 questions with complete solution 2022
It is time for the state standardized tests. According to the state, which would be expected of a first year ELL student? a. Require the student to comple... [Show More] te the writing portion of the test but allow the student to complete it in their own language b. Require the student to take the reading exam without an interpreter c. Require the student to complete the mathematics exam but allow an interpreter for translating directions and clarifying instructions d. Allow the student to use a bilingual dictionary that includes word definitions or pictures C Which of the following accommodations would be appropriate for a child with a physical disability? a. Use the same materials/means as have been used for other things in the classroom b. Send the test home with the child to complete c. Allow the child to see the test and questions prior to taking the test d. Have the child take the exam in a separate room A A child has a hearing device. You and the student discuss the device with the class. What is this promoting? a. Positive peer and student interaction b. Informs the class about the child's disability and implications c. Encourages students to learn other forms of communication d. Allows other students to communicate for the child A A student who is typically well behaved has suddenly started acted out and crying in school. He doesn't want to join the class during activities. The teacher knows that his sister has recently been diagnosed with leukemia and the family has had stress. The student's behavior shows which principle of the family systems theory? a. Adaptation b. Triangulation c. Interdependence d. None of the above C During a parent teacher conference, the teacher asks, "How and with whom should I disclose information about your child?" This teacher understands which component of the family systems theory? a. Climate b. Hierarchies c. Rules d. Adaptation B What is atypical of four-year-old speech? a. Speech consists of repetitive phrases and words b. Hard time pronouncing different sounds, like /r/ or /l/ c. Asking grammatically incorrect questions d. Using incorrect verb tenses like "holded" A Which behavior appears first in an infant? a. Spontaneous laughter b. Angry cry c. Social smile d. Stranger anxiety C A student tells a teacher about two instances of physical abuse that happened one year ago. The student begs the teacher to keep it a secret. How should the teacher respond? a. Document stories and keep an eye out for future signs of abuse b. Keep the child's secret c. Tell the child you cannot keep it a secret and report it d. None of the above C How do you act as an advocate as a teacher? a. Stay after school to help the child b. Meet with an IEP team c. Talk to the student only d. Talk to other teachers B There is going to be a child in your class with leukemia. What possible struggles/problems should you expect to prepare for that could affect the child's learning? a. Frequent absences b. Struggles with literacy c. Physical appearance d. Behavior issues A A teacher has a student with ADHD who has a hard time sitting still for prolonged periods of time. A special speaker is coming in to speak to the class fro 30 minutes. What should the teacher do to accommodate the student? a. Send the student to another classroom while the presentation is going on b. Request a paraprofessional for this time period c. Put the student in a space where he can move around and not distract the speaker d. Keep an eye on the child and take him out of the room if he misbehaves C A student with a visual impairment cannot see things that are projected on the wall. A speaker is coming in and showing a slideshow to the class. How can you best accommodate this student? a. Give the student a written description of the slides b. Sit the student right next to the projector c. Give the student a paper copy of the slides to follow along with d. Discuss the presentation with the student after C A teacher's class isn't following directions. Which of the following should the teacher do first? a. Sit with another teacher and make a list of step by step directions to follow when instructing your students b. Have another teacher come sit in your class, observe and give feedback c. Talk with the students and work with them first d. Ask the principal to take care of it C A teacher allows students to pick a method to demonstrate what they learned about a particular subject. For example, they can make a power point, make a model, or a drawing.What type of instructional approach is this? a. Universal design b. Interdisciplinary Approach c. Direct Instruction d. All of the above A A fourth grade teacher wants to measure the skill level of students in certain subjects at the beginning of the school year. What type of assessment would be best to use? a. Look at last years standardized test scores from those subjects b. Give little quizzes on each subject at the beginning of the year c. Use informal assessment by having students make a list of what they know and what they do not know d. Talk to their parents C You are going to be working with a co-teacher. What would be most beneficial in helping you work together? a. Go to workshops together b. Create common learning goals for the students c. Split tasks up between the two of you d. Eat lunch together B What is the best way to get parents to come to school events? a. Provide refreshments b. Give bonus points to students who have parents that come c. Display your students work and let students do presentations at events d. Parents should stay at home C When should a teacher be most concerned about copyright laws? a. When using a graphic organizer off a website for class b. When providing information off the school website for parents c. When giving a well-known children's book to each child for use in class d. During in-service day activities C Albert Bandura's theory of modeling requires four steps. Which of the following is not one of Bandura's observational learning steps? a. Attending to the lesson b. Remembering what was learned c. Participating in classroom meetings to discuss rules d. Trying out a new skill or concept C Mrs. Mallow, the physical education teacher, asks her students to write an essay explaining the rules to a game of their choice. Which domain of learning is she testing? a. Psychomotor domain b. Cognitive domain c. Affective domain d. Linguistic domain B Who should a teacher check with before incorporating any holidays into classroom activities? a. Parents b. Principal c. Superintendent of the school d. State standards A Which of the following actions would be considered unethical for a teacher? a. Accepting tickets to a professional sporting event from parents for helping their child after school b. Talking to a paraprofessional about state assessments and results c. Talking with a parent after school d. None of the above A According to theorists, what is the best way that children learn? a. Through play b. Thinking logically c. Construction of knowledge d. None of the above C What is the best way to interpret a student's standardized test results to their family? a. Give them a copy of the standardized test b.Explain how the test lines up with state standards c. Explain the score using jargon-free language C What is an example of being unbiased during a test? a. All students have an understanding of the content b. All questions require the same level of understanding c. All questions are in single format d. The same amount of time is required for all students to complete the test A [Show Less]
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PECT PreK-4 Module 3 questions & answers 2022
Use of a circle graph is best when used to answer a question about what concept? a. What is the difference between the minimum and maximum value? b. Is t... [Show More] here a change over time? c. What is the relationship between two variables? d. How do all the parts related to the whole? D A kindergarten teacher wants to develop the concept of set and which items belong in a set. What would be an appropriate activity for her to do? a. Have students use as many words as they can think of to describe a tree and a set of playground equipment b. Look at two objects and tell how they are similar and different c. Give students a set of pattern blocks and have the students sort the blocks into categories they see fit d. Give students sticks of differing lengths and have them put them in order from smallest to biggest C A teacher has students cut a square or rectangle from a piece of paper. She then has students draw a line connecting opposing corners. The class discusses their findings. What is she trying to teach the students about? a. Similarity b. Right triangles c. Parallel lines d. Slope B Second graders are working with groups of blocks. The students find that with some groups of blocks, they can make two vertical stacks exactly the same height. With other groups of blocks, there is one block left over. What concept could be introduced? a. Even and odd numbers b. Common numbers c. Inverse operations d. None of the above A A student is having trouble with single by double digit addition. Which assessment could best pinpoint the problem? a. Criterion referenced assessment b. Norm referenced assessment c. Performance assessment d. Error analysis D A kindergarten student is completing a triangle, circle, triangle, circle pattern at a math center. This practice is setting the stage for which mathematical concept? a. Algebra b. Geometry c. Measurement d. Probability A A kindergarten teacher shows the class a picture of two buildings and asks the questions: "Which building has more windows? Which building has fewer cars outside?" What mathematical skill is the teacher reinforcing? a. Ordering numbers b. Identifying patterns in the real world c. Drawing conclusions from observational data d. None of the above C Which skill must a student have before they are able to add the numbers 1-5? a. Counting forward from 1-10 b. Counting backwards from 10 c. Recognizing written numerals d. Writing numbers 1-10 A A student is doing math problems that require adding two digit and one digit numbers and subtracting one digit numbers from two digit numbers. The student gets all the problems correct except for two subtraction problems. How should the teacher correct the student's problem? a. Review place value with the student b. Use manipulatives c. Teach the student how to check subtraction through addition d. None of the above C How would you foster an awareness of the seasons and weather changes in a kindergarten student? a. Have students chart the daily temperature and precipitation using information from a local newspaper b. Sort clothes, tools, and toys according the their appropriate season c. Use a flashlight and a beach ball to explain how the earth's orbit affects the seasons d. Explore the weather of different countries B A kindergarten teacher wants to develop observational skills in her students. What would be an appropriate activity to use? a. Describe the birds they see around the school using a list of terms provided by the teacher b. Sort objects by common characteristics c. Look at the different parts of a flower using a magnifying glass d. None of the above B What activity would help show fourth grade students that white light is made up of different wavelengths of light? a. Make a simple kaleidoscope out of cardboard tubes and wax paper b. In a dark room, shine a white light into a prism and observe the different colors that come out c. Use only blue and yellow light to grow plants in the classroom d. None of the above B A kindergarten teacher sets up a center with ramps of different heights, trucks, and balls. Interacting with these materials could introduce which concept to students? a. Gravitational acceleration b. Friction c. Inertia d. Gravity D A fourth grade science teacher is doing a unit on the solar system. She uses a poster to show the solar system and wants to illustrate the great distance between planets. What would be an appropriate activity? a. Adjusting a recipe for making different amounts of cookies b. Making a proportional map of the classroom c. Comparing the surface area and volume of different boxes d. None of the above B A group of second graders is posing theories on how clouds are formed. One student proposes the idea that clouds are made of snow and when the snow melts, it rains. Many students agree with this idea. How can you correct this thinking? a. Show students the difference between summer and winter clouds b. Explain that when people are in planes, they see white fluffy clouds c. Make a cloud by heating water in a plastic bottle d. Asking students in what part of the water cycle is snow evaporated C A third grade teacher is introducing a unit on weather and the water cycle. What would be an appropriate introductory activity? a. Write reports on historical weather events b. Have students recall experiences with extreme weather like a big snowstorm or heat wave c. Ask students to provide guesses as to what causes severe weather d. Tell students to wash their hands in cold water B A teacher is starting a unit on earthquakes and volcanoes. She knows that most of her students have adequate prior knowledge of this topic except for five students. What should she do to ensure these students have adequate background knowledge before beginning the unit? a. Put these five students in the same group and give them more time to work on assignments b. Give the five students a website to explore at home so they can get background knowledge on their own time c. Show the whole class pictures and give explanations so that the whole class receives some background knowledge d. Put these five students in discussion groups with students who have prior knowledge of the topic C Which disease can be prevented by vaccine? a. Measles b. Impetigo c. Strep throat d. Conjuntivitis A What is the best benefit of having an active lifestyle for a child? a. Reduces childhood obesity b. Increases blood pressure c. Quicker reaction time A Which physical activity would be appropriate for prekindergartners in the parallel play stage? a. Relay races b. Making a human pyramid c. Mimicking animal movements d. Playing catch C A teacher wants to model I Messages as a healthy form of communication. What would be a good statement for the teacher to use? a. I asked you to put it on the shelf the first time b. When you throw blocks, I feel worried that you will hit someone c. When you follow directions, I feel like you are good students d. None of the above B What is the best practice to reduce the spread of common cold germs in the classroom? a. Encourage sick kids to stay home b. Disinfect the surfaces of all the desks c. Encourage and promote the regular washing of hands d. Separate the sick kids from the rest of the class C A teacher engages her students in a discussion regarding safe and unsafe practices on the playground. What would be an appropriate follow up activity to this discussion? a. Tell students that if they do one of the unsafe practices, they will be punished b. Encourage students to report any unsafe practices to the teacher c. As a class, come up with a list of playground rules to keep everyone safe d. Encourage seat belt use in cars C A teacher instructs students to stand side by side, but not allow their shoulders to touch. The teacher asks the students to walk around the room and then tells them to stop after a while. What concept is the teacher introducing? a. Following directions b. Hand/eye coordination c. Motor skills d. Personal space D Complete proteins come from which food group? a. Fruits b. Vegetables c. Dairy d. Whole grains C [Show Less]
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PECT PreK-4 Practice Test Modules 1-3 graded A+ to pass!
Use of a circle graph is best when used to answer a question about what concept? a. What is the difference between the minimum and maximum value? b. Is... [Show More] there a change over time? c. What is the relationship between two variables? d. How do all the parts related to the whole? D A kindergarten teacher wants to develop the concept of set and which items belong in a set. What would be an appropriate activity for her to do? a. Have students use as many words as they can think of to describe a tree and a set of playground equipment b. Look at two objects and tell how they are similar and different c. Give students a set of pattern blocks and have the students sort the blocks into categories they see fit d. Give students sticks of differing lengths and have them put them in order from smallest to biggest C A teacher has students cut a square or rectangle from a piece of paper. She then has students draw a line connecting opposing corners. The class discusses their findings. What is she trying to teach the students about? a. Similarity b. Right triangles c. Parallel lines d. Slope B Second graders are working with groups of blocks. The students find that with some groups of blocks, they can make two vertical stacks exactly the same height. With other groups of blocks, there is one block left over. What concept could be introduced? a. Even and odd numbers b. Common numbers c. Inverse operations d. None of the above A A student is having trouble with single by double digit addition. Which assessment could best pinpoint the problem? a. Criterion referenced assessment b. Norm referenced assessment c. Performance assessment d. Error analysis D A kindergarten student is completing a triangle, circle, triangle, circle pattern at a math center. This practice is setting the stage for which mathematical concept? a. Algebra b. Geometry c. Measurement d. Probability A A kindergarten teacher shows the class a picture of two buildings and asks the questions: "Which building has more windows? Which building has fewer cars outside?" What mathematical skill is the teacher reinforcing? a. Ordering numbers b. Identifying patterns in the real world c. Drawing conclusions from observational data d. None of the above C Which skill must a student have before they are able to add the numbers 1-5? a. Counting forward from 1-10 b. Counting backwards from 10 c. Recognizing written numerals d. Writing numbers 1-10 A A student is doing math problems that require adding two digit and one digit numbers and subtracting one digit numbers from two digit numbers. The student gets all the problems correct except for two subtraction problems. How should the teacher correct the student's problem? a. Review place value with the student b. Use manipulatives c. Teach the student how to check subtraction through addition d. None of the above C How would you foster an awareness of the seasons and weather changes in a kindergarten student? a. Have students chart the daily temperature and precipitation using information from a local newspaper b. Sort clothes, tools, and toys according the their appropriate season c. Use a flashlight and a beach ball to explain how the earth's orbit affects the seasons d. Explore the weather of different countries B A kindergarten teacher wants to develop observational skills in her students. What would be an appropriate activity to use? a. Describe the birds they see around the school using a list of terms provided by the teacher b. Sort objects by common characteristics c. Look at the different parts of a flower using a magnifying glass d. None of the above B What activity would help show fourth grade students that white light is made up of different wavelengths of light? a. Make a simple kaleidoscope out of cardboard tubes and wax paper b. In a dark room, shine a white light into a prism and observe the different colors that come out c. Use only blue and yellow light to grow plants in the classroom d. None of the above B A kindergarten teacher sets up a center with ramps of different heights, trucks, and balls. Interacting with these materials could introduce which concept to students? a. Gravitational acceleration b. Friction c. Inertia d. Gravity D A fourth grade science teacher is doing a unit on the solar system. She uses a poster to show the solar system and wants to illustrate the great distance between planets. What would be an appropriate activity? a. Adjusting a recipe for making different amounts of cookies b. Making a proportional map of the classroom c. Comparing the surface area and volume of different boxes d. None of the above B A group of second graders is posing theories on how clouds are formed. One student proposes the idea that clouds are made of snow and when the snow melts, it rains. Many students agree with this idea. How can you correct this thinking? a. Show students the difference between summer and winter clouds b. Explain that when people are in planes, they see white fluffy clouds c. Make a cloud by heating water in a plastic bottle d. Asking students in what part of the water cycle is snow evaporated C A third grade teacher is introducing a unit on weather and the water cycle. What would be an appropriate introductory activity? a. Write reports on historical weather events b. Have students recall experiences with extreme weather like a big snowstorm or heat wave c. Ask students to provide guesses as to what causes severe weather d. Tell students to wash their hands in cold water B A teacher is starting a unit on earthquakes and volcanoes. She knows that most of her students have adequate prior knowledge of this topic except for five students. What should she do to ensure these students have adequate background knowledge before beginning the unit? a. Put these five students in the same group and give them more time to work on assignments b. Give the five students a website to explore at home so they can get background knowledge on their own time c. Show the whole class pictures and give explanations so that the whole class receives some background knowledge d. Put these five students in discussion groups with students who have prior knowledge of the topic C Which disease can be prevented by vaccine? a. Measles b. Impetigo c. Strep throat d. Conjuntivitis A What is the best benefit of having an active lifestyle for a child? a. Reduces childhood obesity b. Increases blood pressure c. Quicker reaction time A Which physical activity would be appropriate for prekindergartners in the parallel play stage? a. Relay races b. Making a human pyramid c. Mimicking animal movements d. Playing catch C A teacher wants to model I Messages as a healthy form of communication. What would be a good statement for the teacher to use? a. I asked you to put it on the shelf the first time b. When you throw blocks, I feel worried that you will hit someone c. When you follow directions, I feel like you are good students d. None of the above B What is the best practice to reduce the spread of common cold germs in the classroom? a. Encourage sick kids to stay home b. Disinfect the surfaces of all the desks c. Encourage and promote the regular washing of hands d. Separate the sick kids from the rest of the class C A teacher engages her students in a discussion regarding safe and unsafe practices on the playground. What would be an appropriate follow up activity to this discussion? a. Tell students that if they do one of the unsafe practices, they will be punished b. Encourage students to report any unsafe practices to the teacher c. As a class, come up with a list of playground rules to keep everyone safe d. Encourage seat belt use in cars C A teacher instructs students to stand side by side, but not allow their shoulders to touch. The teacher asks the students to walk around the room and then tells them to stop after a while. What concept is the teacher introducing? a. Following directions b. Hand/eye coordination c. Motor skills d. Personal space D Complete proteins come from which food group? a. Fruits b. Vegetables c. Dairy d. Whole grains C An abacus helps reinforce which concept? a. Place value b. Rounding numbers c. Fractions d. None of the above A What would be an accurate authentic assessment for a second grader completing a unit on rocks and minerals? a. Identifying rocks using an identification card in a certain time frame, and then comparing how many students identified to the class average b. Designing a proposal for a report relating to Earth Science at home c. Making a poster to explain to the class a weather experiment d. Taking a test A Which activity practices gross motor skills? a. Puzzles b. Drawing shapes c. Playing outside d. Throwing a bean bag underhand D Which practice reinforces geometry concepts? a. Putting two colored squares on the board and discussing the color of each b. Ask students, "Who is standing behind you? Beside you? In front of you?" c. Ask students, "Who is first? Second? Third?" d. Practicing fractions B The strategy of "counting on" is essential for what math skill? a. Addition b. Subtraction c. Geometry d. Place value A Which can cause postnatal cognitive impairment? a. Smoking b. Lead paint c. Food additives d. Cleaning supplies B A physical education teacher sets up the following way. She encourages students to move through, landing one foot in each hoop. What skill is this reinforcing? OOOO OOOO a. Power b. Strength c. Agility d. Flexibility C A teacher is instructing a lesson about factors and gives pairs of students 8 plastic cubes. Which question could the teacher ask that would accurately introduce this concept? a. How many different rectangles can you make? b. How many sides does a cube have? c. What shape do you make when you combine 4 cubes? d. When you stack 3 cubes on top of each other, how many faces are covered? A What is the best way to promote healthy classrooms? a. Use disinfectant wipes b. Teach and encourage the importance of washing hands c. Move the children's seats so not to spread germs d. Have kids that are sick stay home B [Show Less]
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PECT PreK 4 Practice Questions Modules 1 2 & 3correctly answered 2022
A second-grade teacher uses evidence-based flexible grouping and selects different types of texts (e.g., decodable texts, leveled texts, chapter books) for... [Show More] different reading groups. These practices best demonstrate the teacher's awareness of the importance of which of the following principles of effective beginning reading instruction? A) exposing students to a variety of text genres B) accommodating students' diverse linguistic backgrounds and approaches to learning C) aligning students' reading goals with state standards C) transitioning students to more challenging texts as they progress in their reading skills D A first-grade student who demonstrates mastery of phonemic blending is having difficulty sounding out and blending VC and CVC words in printed word lists and connected text. Based on this information, the student would probably benefit most from an intervention designed to improve the student's: A) development of oral reading fluency. B) awareness of key concepts of print. C) letter-sound correspondence skills. D) knowledge of high-frequency sight words. C In a fourth-grade class, providing explicit instruction focused on which of the following reading skills would most directly promote students' evaluative reading comprehension skills? A) summarizing the main idea of an extended text B) retrieving information from a text to answer comprehension questions C) applying background knowledge to visualize processes described in a text D) distinguishing between fact and opinion in a text D 4. A kindergarten student writes "tdirdmibk" in her journal and tells the teacher she wrote "Today I rode my bike." The student's writing sample most clearly demonstrates which of the following milestones essential to spelling development in English? A) awareness of the alphabetic principle B) knowledge of print conventions for representing words C) awareness of morphological structure within words D) knowledge of syllable juncture A After an extended classroom discussion of the pros and cons of adopting a civic initiative, students are divided into two relatively equal groups, one of which supports the initiative while the other has reservations about it. The teacher could best use this situation to demonstrate the value of which of the following practices? A) assessing the costs and benefits in group decision making B) using compromise to resolve conflicts C) dividing problems into more manageable parts in group decision making D) using majority rule to resolve conflicts B Fourth-grade students are working in small groups to create dances to a song they have chosen. As they work, their teacher makes anecdotal notes on the students' discussions, work styles, and use of concepts related to movement and choreography that the class has previously studied. The teacher can best use these notes to accomplish which of the following goals? A) establishing the connection between the lesson and state arts standards B) determining students' final grades for the project C) planning tasks and questions for an upcoming arts exam D) documenting individual students' understanding and growth D During a learning activity about the oceans, a teacher has students solve problems involving starfish (five legs) and crabs (ten legs). Which of the following problems could the teacher use to demonstrate that some problems have more than one answer? A)Three crabs and two starfish were on the beach. How many legs were there altogether? B) I saw 15 legs. How many crabs and starfish did I see? C) Two crabs have how many more legs than three starfish? D) One crab was walking in the sand. How many starfish have the same total number of legs? B A first-grade class is learning about light using mirrors and flashlights. After showing the class how mirrors and a variety of shiny objects reflect light, the teacher asks students if nonshiny objects can reflect light. The teacher hands out small flashlights to the students and asks them to explore this question. Which of the following strategies would be most effective for the teacher to use to help the students develop the ability to clearly explain what they learn from their exploration of reflected light? A) discussing with each student what he or she is finding out about the reflection of light as the explorations are being conducted C) structuring the students' explorations by having them describe supporting evidence for the hypothesis that light is reflected by nonshiny objects C) asking the class as a whole to vote on whether nonshiny objects can reflect light and then calling on students to defend their positions D) summarizing the concepts covered earlier in the lesson and then asking the class for explanations of how nonshiny objects can reflect light A [Show Less]
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PECT Prek-4 Modules 1,2,3 Sample Test correctly answered 2022
Howard Gardner's theory Of Multiple Intelligences focuses primarily on which of the following aspects of education? the various ways in which children thi... [Show More] nk and learn A PreK-4 teacher can best create a culturally inclusive classroom environment for all students by regularly: encouraging students to share information about their cultures with the class A Kindergarten teacher observes two children playing together. The children are attempting to use blocks and other play materials to build a bridge for their toy cars. The first bridge that they build collapses when they begin to roll the toy cars across it. Which of the following teacher questions would best promote the development of the students reasoning and problem-solving skills? Why do you think the bridge fell over? How can you build the bridge differently? Children who demonstrate typical language development most often begin using two word utterances between the ages of: 18 to 24 months As second-grade students are learning a new science concept, the teacher helps them acquire knowledge and skills that they could not acquire on their own by using prompts, giving suggestions, providing feedback, and modeling activities. In this situation, which of the following strategies is the teacher primarily using to foster students cognitive development? scaffolding A PreK teacher wants to establish a classroom environment in which spontaneous play is encouraged and play is recognized and valued as meaningful learning. Which of the following strategies would likely be most effective for the teacher to use to achieve this goal? ensuring that a variety of materials are available in the classroom for students to try out and explore during playtime Prek-4 teachers have the goal of being culturally competent educators who use an understanding of diversity among young children to plan developmentally, culturally, and linguistically appropriate instruction that meets the needs of all their students. The most important FIRST step for the teachers to take in achieving this goal is to: examine their own cultures and beliefs and their impact on interactions with students According the convergent research, which of the following factors has been shown to have the greatest effect on a child's language development? the amount of verbal input the child receives from caregivers and others Which of the following is an essential component of a formative assessment? monitoring and adjusting a teaching strategy during the learning process based on individual students needs A third-grade teacher develops an assessment for a particular unit prior to writing up the daily lesson plans for the unit. The most important advantage of this approach is that it helps the teacher: align daily lessons and activities with the targeted learning outcomes Which of the following assessment practices would be considered ethical? using ongoing informal assessments of students learning to guide the instructional process A fourth-grade teacher uses a variety of techniques, including questioning and journal prompts, to check for students understanding of content area instruction. Which of the following outcomes is likely to be the most important benefit of this strategy? helping the teacher identify areas where students may need additional reinforcement A kindergarten teacher frequently uses home-school notebooks to communicate with families about their children's progress. For example, the teacher and family of one student recently used such a notebook to keep one another informed about the students progress in mastering specific self-help skills. This approach is likely to be most effective in promoting which of the following outcomes? establishing partnerships with families in the assessment of their children's learning and development Using spreadsheet software to maintain students performance data is likely to provide a teacher with the most support in which of the following areas? identifying specific gaps in students learning Which of the following statements best describes the major role of assessment anchors in the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA)? clarifying the standards assessed on the PSSA to support students learning of essential skills and knowledge A fourth-grade class includes a number of students who are ELLS. The teacher is designing formative assessment to measure students understanding of a specific science concept. When developing this assessment, the teacher can use Pennsylvania'a Language Proficiency Standards for English Language Learners PreK-12 (ELPS) most effectively to: help ensure that the language function of the assessment is appropriate for the students level of English Language Proficiency A student who is an English Language Learner who qualifies for migrant education services joins a second-grade class partly into the school year. The teacher is preparing to administer a variety of informal assessments to the student. Which of the following teacher goals should be the main focus on these assessments? identifying any specific weaknesses in the student's academic knowledge and skills A first-grade teacher uses a language experience approach with beginning level students who are ELLS. A student dictates a story based on personal experience to the teacher who writes the story verbatim. The teacher then leads the student in various reading and language activities using dictated text. A primary benefit of this approach is that it helps the student: make connections between oral and written language Which of the following accommodations to a content area reading assignment best provides universal access for all learners? providing digital textbooks with features such as images, text to speech, videos, and modifiable text A second grade teacher is reading a story aloud to the class that includes several students who are ELLS. Throughout the reading, the teacher pauses to verify students comprehension. The teacher encourages all students to speak and participate in discussions during and after the reading. Which of the following types of feedback from the teacher would provide meaningful English Language input to the students who are ELLS during the discussion? responding to the intent and content of the students utterances A kindergarten teacher works with two students who are ELLS who have no prior exposure to English. She exposes them to natural English in meaningful contexts but does not push them to contribute to discussion. She allows them to respond to questions nonverbally or with one word answers. The teacher's actions best demonstrate her awareness that second-language learners often: go through a silent period during which they produce very little oral language Which of the following characteristics would indicate atypical cognitive development in a four-year-old child? having difficulty matching a toy car to a picture of a car A kindergarten teacher is planning to read aloud a picture book to the class. One of the students in the class has a visual impairment that severely limits vision to several inches. Which of the following accommodations would best help this student participate in this activity? providing an individual copy of the book to the student to look at [Show Less]
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PECT PreK-4 Practice Test Module 2 correctly answered 2022
A teacher is planning instruction to promote four-year-olds' development of skills related to Pennsylvania's PreK-4 learning standard about reading, analyz... [Show More] ing, and interpreting text. With children at this developmental level, which of the following approaches to a read-aloud activity would be most appropriate for the teacher to use to develop the children's conceptual understanding of fact and opinion? A. having the children identify characters who demonstrate examples of faulty reasoning in a fable B. asking the children to decide which statements related to an article in a children's nature magazine are true or false C. helping the children tell one thing they learned from a nonfiction text D. showing the children how to differentiate between essential and nonessential information in a nonfiction children's picture book C A fourth-grade teacher would like to promote reluctant readers' independent reading. Which of the following teacher strategies is likely to be most effective in achieving this goal? A. engaging students in discussions about their interests and working with the library media specialist to locate appropriate-level books on these topics B. reading aloud a variety of books from the classroom library on a regular basis and engaging students in discussions related to the read-alouds C. creating attractive displays of both fiction and nonfiction books and magazines in the classroom library and regularly inviting students to browse the displays D. providing opportunities for students to visit the school's library media center and to learn about the center's resources and organization A A third-grade teacher regularly models for students how to paraphrase a portion of a text and how to pose and respond to questions that clarify or follow up on information presented in a text. These practices promote students' literacy development primarily by: A. supporting their development of dispositions and attitudes that help create a purposeful, literate environment in the classroom. B. enhancing their knowledge of the organizational structure of different types of text. C. promoting their development of self-monitoring skills that support reading and learning across the curriculum. D. fostering their ability to make connections between the reading curriculum and their lives. C A first-grade teacher explains that he is going to read a story aloud and he wants students to consider how the story makes them feel. Afterward, he prompts the students to recall and discuss specific words and phrases the author used to evoke particular feelings. This oral language activity supports students' literacy development primarily by helping the students: A. retell a story's key events accurately. B. make and verify predictions about a story. C. connect key events in a story to their own lives. D. develop an awareness of a story's tone. D A kindergarten teacher has placed many signs around the classroom, including simple written directions (e.g., Please hang up coats!) and labels for objects (e.g., clock, Teacher's chair). During daily activities, the teacher regularly points to and reads aloud relevant signs. The teacher has also created a classroom library filled with age-appropriate books and has incorporated relevant signs and books into all the learning centers. These strategies are most effective in addressing which of the following goals related to effective instruction in emergent literacy? A. creating a print-rich environment B. providing guided and independent skills practice C. encouraging independent reading D. infusing reading activities across the curriculum A At the beginning of the school year, a kindergarten teacher establishes a variety of classroom roles that rotate on a daily basis. The roles include Calendar Helper and Star of the Day. The Calendar Helper identifies and announces the day of the week, the date, and the day's weather, with teacher support if needed. The Star of the Day shares an object, talking briefly about the item and then answering three questions about it from classmates and/or the teacher. Regularly performing these types of classroom roles directly benefits students' emergent literacy development primarily by enhancing the students': A. self-confidence and comfort level in front of their peers. B. ability to use a range of expressive language skills. C. knowledge of content vocabulary across the curriculum. D. personal responsibility and perseverance with tasks. B In keeping with Pennsylvania's PreK-4 learning standards in language arts, which of the following writing skills would be most appropriate to include in language arts instruction at the first-grade level? A. revising writing by adding details or missing information B. focusing writing for a particular audience C. revising writing by varying sentence length and structures D. using transition words to clarify ideas in writing 8. A A teacher delivering standards-based literacy instruction grounded in scientificbased reading research is most likely to use the results of reading assessments for which of the following purposes? A. using formal and informal assessments to place students into the most appropriate reading group for a given school year B. using ongoing informal assessments to continually plan and modify individual students' reading goals and instruction C. using formal standardized assessments to diagnose each student's reading difficulties at the beginning of the school year D. using comprehensive summative reading achievement assessments on a weekly to biweekly basis to monitor students' progress B A group of primary-grade teachers is reviewing potential core instructional materials for teaching beginning-reading skills. The most important selection criteria for the teachers to consider would be to ensure that the materials: A. include clear, appealing visual supports such as illustrations. B. are linked to a variety of online teacher resources. C. include supplemental assessments and learning activities. D. are aligned with relevant state learning standards. D Which of the following words contains a diphthong? A. anchor B. boiled C. measure D. truths B A prekindergarten teacher regularly writes students' comments on chart paper during whole-class discussions and rereads the comments to the class. This practice supports young children's emergent literacy development primarily by promoting their: A. awareness of the relationship between print and spoken language. B. skill in identifying basic letter-sound correspondences. C. understanding that spoken language is made of smaller phonological units. D. knowledge of a wide range of environmental print. A A kindergarten teacher reads aloud a poem that contains alliteration in each line. The teacher reads the poem twice, each time emphasizing the alliteration. On the third reading, the teacher invites the children to repeat each line exactly as the teacher recited it. This activity is most effective in promoting the children's development in which of the following areas of emergent literacy? A. alphabetic awareness B. letter-sound correspondence C. letter recognition D. phonological awareness D A third-grade student is having difficulty reading words and syllables that contain complex letter combinations, which is affecting her comprehension of grade-level texts. For example, the student reads the word stretch as [st] [rĕt] [ch] and the word pledge as [p] [lĕd] [guh]. Which of the following intervention strategies is likely to be most effective in addressing this student's reading difficulty and advancing her reading development? A. having the student engage in daily rereading of passages that include morphologically complex words B. modeling for the student how to use context clues in a text to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words C. engaging the student in daily practice reading word lists comprising gradelevel irregular sight words D. providing the student with instruction and practice decoding consonant clusters as chunks D A second-grade student frequently makes errors such as reading the words taped as tapped, hoping as hopping, and shines as shins when reading aloud. Which of the following approaches to addressing the student's difficulty is likely to be most effective? A. providing the student with explicit review and practice reading and spelling CVCe words that contain inflectional endings B. providing the student with explicit instruction in common syllable types and syllabication guidelines C. engaging the student in daily fluency activities focused on silent reading of texts written at the student's instructional reading level D. teaching the student how to distinguish between a syllable and a morpheme in multisyllable words A A second-grade teacher is planning reading instruction at the beginning of the school year and would like to determine the entry-level skills of individual students in key areas of reading. Which of the following types of assessments would be most appropriate for the teacher to use to assess entering students' decoding skills? A. a norm-referenced reading achievement test B. an informal phonics inventory C. a summative curriculum-based measurement D. an oral reading fluency test B Which of the following strategies would be most effective for a teacher to use as the introduction to a letter-formation lesson for a group of kindergarten students? A. displaying a large alphabet card of the target letter and having the students practice copying the letter using individual portable chalkboards B. reading aloud a "big book" that contains many instances of the target letter and then calling on individual students to point to each instance while saying the letter's name C. providing students with individual worksheets containing multiple instances of the target letter and having them trace the letter several times D. demonstrating to students how to form the target letter in the air while stating the motions and then repeating the process as the students imitate the teacher D A first-grade teacher plans a multisensory intervention for a student using a procedure called sound boxes. In this activity, the student places tokens such as pennies into boxes drawn on a piece of paper while slowly saying the sounds in a word. For example, for the word fan, the teacher would draw a horizontal rectangle and divide it into three boxes, giving the student three tokens. The student would say the word slowly (e.g., fffaaannn) and place a token into a box as he or she says each new sound in the word. This procedure is most likely designed to improve the student's ability to: A. segment words into phonemes. B. spell words that follow regular phonics patterns. C. divide words into onsets and rimes. D. recognize common letter-sound correspondences. A A kindergarten teacher is using direct instruction to teach new vocabulary to students. Which of the following strategies would best help students integrate the new words into their existing vocabulary? A. having students maintain a personal word list of new words B. using the new words with students several times in different spoken contexts C. guiding students to look up the new words in a children's dictionary D. having students use illustrated cards to review the meaning of new words B A prekindergarten teacher helps students memorize a poem and recite it chorally. The teacher could best use this activity to build a foundation for which of the following literacy skills? A. prosodic reading B. independent word-learning C. strategic reading D. responsive listening A A second-grade teacher is beginning an integrated content-area unit on farming. As an introduction to the unit, the teacher helps students brainstorm words related to the concept of farming and guides students in creating a semantic map with the words. This activity best illustrates a strategy targeting which of the following essential components of effective vocabulary instruction? A. deepening and clarifying students' knowledge of known words B. providing direct instruction in new content-specific words C. promoting students' comprehension of academic language D. fostering the use of independent word-learning strategies A [Show Less]
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PECT PreK-4 Practice Test Module 1 questions with correct answers 2022
Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences focuses primarily on which of the following aspects of education? A. the key role of environment in pr... [Show More] omoting children's learning B. the use of scaffolding techniques to help children learn C. the active involvement of children in learning activities D. the various ways in which children think and learn D A PreK-4 teacher can best create a culturally inclusive classroom environment for all students by regularly: A. encouraging students to share information about their cultures with the class. B. celebrating a variety of cultural holidays from around the world with students. C. placing students from similar cultural backgrounds together for small-group activities. D. providing students and their families with information about community cultural events. A A kindergarten teacher observes two children playing together. The children are attempting to use blocks and other play materials to build a bridge for their toy cars. The first bridge that they build collapses when they begin to roll the toy cars across it. Which of the following teacher questions would best promote the development of the students' reasoning and problem-solving skills? A. Why do you think the bridge fell over? How can you build the bridge differently? B. What if you pretended that your cars could fly? Would you still need to build a bridge? C. What different objects did you use to make your bridge? How are they different? D. Can you picture a real bridge in your mind? Did your bridge look like a real bridge? A Children who demonstrate typical language development most often begin using two-word utterances between the ages of: A. 6 to 9 months. B. 12 to 15 months. C. 18 to 24 months. D. 30 to 36 months. C As second-grade students are learning a new science concept, the teacher helps them acquire knowledge and skills that they could not acquire on their own by using prompts, giving suggestions, providing feedback, and modeling activities. In this situation, which of the following strategies is the teacher primarily using to foster students' cognitive development? A. modeling B. cooperative learning C. scaffolding D. inquiry learning C A prekindergarten teacher wants to establish a classroom environment in which spontaneous play is encouraged and play is recognized and valued as meaningful learning. Which of the following strategies would likely be most effective for the teacher to use to achieve this goal? A. modeling the correct way to play with new toys and games when introducing them to the classroom B. asking students to bring in their favorite playthings from home to share with their classmates during show-and-tell C. designing assessments that ask students to demonstrate content knowledge through play activities D. ensuring that a variety of materials are available in the classroom for students to try out and explore during playtime D PreK-4 teachers have the goal of being culturally competent educators who use an understanding of diversity among young children to plan developmentally, culturally, and linguistically appropriate instruction that meets the needs of all their students. The most important first step for the teachers to take in achieving this goal is to: A. use the Internet and other resources to gather basic information about various world cultures. B. survey students' families to determine what they perceive their role to be in their children's learning. C. examine their own cultures and beliefs and their impact on interactions with students. D. observe individual students in self-selected activities to determine their preferred learning styles. C According to convergent research, which of the following factors has been shown to have the greatest effect on a child's language development? A. the age at which the child starts attending preschool or prekindergarten B. the number of family members living at home with the child C. the quality and diversity of books and toys the child is exposed to D. the amount of verbal input the child receives from caregivers and others D Which of the following is an essential component of a formative assessment? A. monitoring and adjusting a teaching strategy during the learning process based on individual student progress B. the production of behavioral and academic progress reports that incorporate parental or caregiver insights C. identifying and summarizing an individual student's strengths and needs at the end of a unit or semester D. the development of a timeline designating tasks that will be accomplished by a particular student in a given period of time A A third-grade teacher develops an assessment for a particular unit prior to writing up the daily lesson plans for the unit. The most important advantage of this approach is that it helps the teacher: A. align daily lessons and activities with the targeted learning outcomes. B. develop an assessment to match state standards. C. ensure that the assessment will be accessible for all students. D. improve presentation skills for delivering instruction. A Which of the following assessment practices would be considered ethical? A. obtaining actual test items to use as examples when preparing students for a standardized assessment B. using ongoing informal assessments of students' learning to guide the instructional process C. determining assessment accommodations for individual students based on their classroom performance D. posting standardized assessment results that include students' identifying information on a class Web page B A fourth-grade teacher uses a variety of techniques, including questioning and journal prompts, to check for students' understanding of content-area instruction. Which of the following outcomes is likely to be the most important benefit of this strategy? A. helping the teacher identify areas where students may need additional reinforcement B. improving students' overall performance on standardized assessments C. allowing the teacher to spend less time creating and grading student assessments D. encouraging students to view learning as a process and become lifelong learners A A kindergarten teacher frequently uses home-school notebooks to communicate with families about their children's progress. For example, the teacher and family of one student recently used such a notebook to keep one another informed about the student's progress in mastering specific self-help skills. This approach is likely to be most effective in promoting which of the following outcomes? A. fostering in students a sense of responsibility with regard to their own learning B. establishing partnerships with families in the assessment of their children's learning and development C. helping build caring and friendly relationships between the teacher and students D. enhancing families' ability to reinforce at home what their children are learning in school B Using spreadsheet software to maintain students' performance data is likely to provide a teacher with the most support in which of the following areas? A. identifying specific gaps in students' learning B. providing students with accurate and timely feedback C. designing activities to address individual learning needs D. determining an appropriate sequence of instruction A Which of the following statements best describes a major role of assessment anchors in the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA)? A. providing uniform rules for the types of tests that are allowed to be administered to students in preparing for the PSSA B. clarifying the standards assessed on the PSSA to support students' learning of essential skills and knowledge C. defining the diverse range of tasks that underlie the educational goals assessed on the PSSA at different grade levels D. providing a conversion tool for converting a particular student's PSSA score into a grade-level equivalent B A fourth-grade class includes a number of students who are English language learners. The teacher is designing formative assessment to measure students' understanding of a specific science concept. When developing this assessment, the teacher can use Pennsylvania's Language Proficiency Standards for English Language Learners PreK-12 (ELPS) most effectively to: A. identify the particular supports that individual students are likely to require during the assessment. B. help ensure that the language function of the assessment is appropriate for the students' level of English language proficiency. C. make adaptations to the core content assessed that are appropriate for the students' academic levels. D. determine whether students have achieved the necessary level of English language proficiency to participate in the assessment. B A student who is an English language learner who qualifies for migrant education services joins a second-grade class partly into the school year. The teacher is preparing to administer a variety of informal assessments to the student. Which of the following teacher goals should be the main focus of these assessments? A. evaluating whether the student demonstrates any signs of a disability B. determining the student's general level of English language proficiency C. measuring the student's language proficiency and literacy level in the home language D. identifying any specific weaknesses in the student's academic knowledge and skills D A first-grade teacher uses a language experience approach with beginning-level students who are English language learners. A student dictates a story based on personal experience to the teacher who writes the story verbatim. The teacher then leads the student in various reading and language activities using the dictated text. A primary benefit of this approach is that it helps the student: A. access important content-area vocabulary. B. develop phonemic awareness in English. C. achieve grade-level reading and writing standards. D. make connections between oral and written English. D Which of the following accommodations to a content-area reading assignment best provides universal access for all learners? A. providing digital textbooks with features such as images, text-to-speech, videos, and modifiable text B. reading aloud the text to students as they follow along in their textbooks and asking frequent questions C. offering after-school peer tutoring for students who need extra help reading the content D. providing a list of vocabulary words and definitions to students in advance of the reading A A second-grade teacher is reading a story aloud to a class that includes several students who are English language learners. Throughout the reading, the teacher pauses to verify students' comprehension. The teacher encourages all students to speak and participate in discussions during and after the reading. Which of the following types of feedback from the teacher would provide meaningful English language input to the students who are English language learners during the discussions? A. repeating what students say to model correct pronunciation B. posing literal questions that elicit one- or two-word answers C. giving simple explanations about basic grammar rules and syntax D. responding to the intent and content of the students' utterances D Jessica, a 6 month old baby in the infant room, has been losing weight, is irritable and has been tired and sleepy everyday she is at the center. On top of that, Jessica does not smile or make any type of social response to her caretakers and she is showing indicators that she is delayed in motor development. Lastly, Jessica does not appear to have a bond with anyone that cares for her, even her mother. What is the developmental concern that may be happening with Jessica? A. Going through a growth spurt B. Jessica is exhibiting signs that she has a developmental disorder like autism C. Jessica is showing signs that she is failing to thrive D. Jessica is showing symptoms of a slow to warm up child C One of the most important responsibilities of a teacher is the construction of valid and reliable tests. Which of the following is not one of the basic principles of test construction? A. Construct a blueprint that reflects the objectives of the content to be learned. B. Include only students who have mastered the set of criteria necessary for the test. C. Be sure that tests reflect the emphasis given to various objectives during instruction of knowledge and/or skills. D. Follow best testing procedures for the area of knowledge or the skill the student is expected to acquire. B Teachers often have students share what they write with a group or a partner. What is the best reason for having students share writing pieces? A. So that students can help each other edit taking the burden from the teacher. B. Students will help each other by responding as readers or listeners. C. The partner is a different audience each time a piece is read. D. Different topics will be addressed as partners see what others are writing. B Mrs. Purpose is using a list of words with her phonemic awareness group. She wants the group to hear the difference in word endings. Which set of words would be most effective for this activity? A. hat, cat, sat B. cab, cat, cap C. Color, hammer, car D. cart, cattle, story B A teacher assesses a child using a running record. She notes that the student's prosody need to improve. What is prosody? A. Speed of reading B. Accuracy of reading C. Comprehension level D. Cadence and expression D According to Linnea Ehri's Phases of Word Recognition Development, at which phase would a student rely less on individual letter sounds and more on multi-letter patterns within words? A. Partial Alphabetic B. Automatic C. Full Alphabetic D. Consolidated Alphabetic D Teaching students that concrete objects can be used to represent the real thing indicates that a lesson is using which of the following scientific instructional themes. A. Systems B. Models C. Constancy and Change D. Scale B What is 150% of 0.024? A. 0.036 B. 0.018 C. 0.18 D. 0.3 A [Show Less]
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PECT PreK-4 All Modules questions with complete solution 2022
Explicit instruction Direct, skill-based, holistic, in context, developmentally appropriate, student centered and directed Formative assessment pr... [Show More] ovides ongoing feedback, identifies strengths, weaknesses, and target areas, low stakes, addresses problems immediately Summative assessment evaluates learning at the end of a unit and compares it against some standard or benchmark, high stakes, (midterm, final, paper) Scaffolding Promotes deeper level of learning, support tailored to needs of student (modeling, coaching) that is gradually removed Inquiry-based learning poses questions, problems or scenarios - rather than simply presenting established facts; assisted by a facilitator Assessment anchors tools to better align curriculum, instruction, and assessment practices LEA (Language Experience Approach) combines all 4 language skills, aids fluency, centered around learner generated text. Step 1) A shared experience, 2) creating the text, 3) read and revise, 4) read and reread, 5) extension Receptive language the ability to understand or comprehend language heard or read Expressive language being able to put thoughts into words and sentences that make sense and are grammatically accurate Family systems theory (Dr. Murray Bowen) individuals cannot be understood in isolation from one another, but rather as a part of their family, which is an emotional unit Constructivist Approach the learner is an active participant in building understanding and knowledge. Use hands-on exploration with concrete materials. Realistic and relevant learning situations. Uses scaffolding Alphabetic principle the understanding that the letters used in writing represent the component sounds in spoken words Informal assessment Sometimes referred to as criterion referenced measures. Performance is not being evaluated against established standards or rubrics, not data driven. Content and performance driven. (anecdotal notes, teacher observations, running records, rubric scores, etc.) Used to inform instruction. Formal assessment Assess overall achievement, compare student performance with others at their grade or rangeHave data which support the conclusions made from the test (standardized measures). Use statistics. Data is mathematically computed and summarized. Scores are percentiles, stanines, or standard scores. Diphthong a sound made by combining two vowels, specifically when it starts as one vowel sound and goes to another (oy in oil). Refers to two adjacent vowel sounds occurring within the same syllable. Phonological awareness Student should be able to recognize and use rhyme, break words into syllables, blend phonemes into syllables and words, identify the beginning and ending sounds in a syllable, and see smaller words within larger words ("cat" in "catalog"). Phonemic awareness Student will demonstrate the ability to hear rhyme and alliteration, find the different sound in a set of words, and blend and segment phonemes Complex morpheme a morpheme that contains a lexical morpheme (words that have meaning by themselves) and at least one grammatical morpheme (function to specify the relationship between two lexical morphemes). (ex. strong irregular verbs like swim, swam, swum) Inflected endings a subcategory of suffixes that indicate tense and number. To apply these rules, students will need an understanding of consonant and vowel patterns in the base word Criterion-referenced tests Determines whether each student has achieved specific skills or concepts, how much they know before instruction begins and after it ends, measures specific curricular skills expressed as instructional objectives, each skill is tested by at least 4 items, each individual is compared with a preset standard for acceptable achievement (performance of others is irrelevant), score is expressed as a percentage. Norm-referenced tests Rank each student respective to achievement of others in broad areas of knowledge, discriminates between high and low achievers, each individual is compared with other examinees and assigned a score expressed as a percentile, grade equivalent score, or a stanine. Prosody the defining feature of expressive reading, comprises all the variables of timing, phrasing, emphasis, and intonation that speakers use to convey meaning and make their speech lively. Responsive listening saying what you feel you heard the other person say. Listening with the intent of understanding, instead of replying. Enhances the ability to: obtain information, identify problems, resolve conflicts, improve the accuracy of communication, solve problems, and motivate the speaker Semantic map(ping)/web(bing) a method of teaching reading using graphical representations of concepts and the relationships between them. Maps or webs of words the purpose of which is to visually display the meaning-based connections between a word or phrase and a set of related words or concepts Automaticity fast, effortless word recognition that comes from reading practice. Refers to accurate, speedy word recognition, not to reading with expression. Therefore it is necessary, but not sufficient, for fluency. Story map a strategy that uses a graphic organizer to help students learn the elements of a book or story. By identifying story characters, plot, setting, problem and solution, students read carefully to learn details Reading rate part of the broader umbrella of fluency and is measured in words read per minute, while fluency is a bit more subjective Syntactic relating to the rules of language Intonation describes how the voice rises and falls in speech. The 3 main patterns of intonation are: falling intonation, rising intonation, and fall-rise intonation Structural analysis the process of using familiar word parts (base words, prefixes, and suffixes) to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words Cultural diffusion the spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another. The mixing of world cultures through different ethnicities, religions, and nationalities has increased with advanced communication, transportation, and technology Institutional development the creation or reinforcement of a network of organizations to effectively generate, allocate and use human, material, and financial resources to attain specific objectives on a sustainable basis Bibliography complete or selective list of works compiled upon some common principle, as authorship, subject, place of publication, or printer; a list of source materials that are used or consulted in the preparation of a work, or that are referred to in the text Periodical index provides access to periodical articles by subject or author; can help you find articles about a specific topic. An index will point you to the correct periodical, the specific date, volume and issue, and page numbers for the article [Show Less]
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