WGU Pathophysiology D236 Questions
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Describe how your body responds to an infection. - answers T cells
... [Show More] produce cytokines,
which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - answers Mutations in genes
or chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - answers Alterations of
DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. -
answers (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - answers Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction >
release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in
urine and blood pressure maintained.
DKA - answers increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - answers retain H and excrete HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? - answers Potassium
West Nile Virus - answers Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito.
Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease - answers Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum - answers a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed
by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. - answers Spina
bifida
Trousseau's sign - answers arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida - answers results from failure of neural tube to close.
sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
hemophilia is more common in - answers males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - answers ND-PAE, decreased brain function,
FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - answers Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus - answers Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and
butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - answers It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies
attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of
the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis - answers inflammation of the skin
eczema - answers noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness,
blisters, scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer - answers sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
Fungal infections - answers superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue
infections caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm - answers noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
malignant neoplasm - answers uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders,
spreads
Osteoporosis - answers The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to
become porous, brittle, and easily fractured.
osteomalacia - answers disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium
and vitamin D deficiency
myoglobin - answers red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells
Bursa - answers fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint
over another
Rickets - answers a vitamin D deficiency in children, resulting in soft bones
Degenerative disk disease - answers A condition in which an intervertebral disk loses
its normal structural integrity as a result of wear and tear, acute or repeated injuries or
aging
Paget disease - answers Chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and
softening of bones, that can occur in any bone but most commonly affects the long
bones of the legs, the lower spine, the pelvis, and the skull
communiuted fracture - answers splintered into many pieces
Three types of skin cancer - answers 1. Basal cell carcinoma
2. Squamous cell carcinoma
3. Melanoma
basal cell carcinoma - answers Most common and least severe type of skin cancer;
often characterized by light or pearly nodules. Rarely metastasize, most common on
face due to sun exposure
squamous cell carcinoma - answers Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell
carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red crusted papules or firm nodules.
Melanoma - answers The most serious form of skin cancer, caucasian males at
highest risk, usually black or brown lesion
consequences when integumentary system is disrupted - answers impaired immunity
types of burns - answers Superficial (1st degree) - red/painful
Partial-thickness (2nd degree) -wet/pink/painful
Full-thickness (3rd degree) -white/swollen/no pain
Viltigo - answers localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white
patches
ischemic CVA vs hemorrhagic CVA - answers ischemic - clot vs hemorrhagic - blood
subdural hematoma - answers collection of blood under the dura mater
Alzheimer's disease vs parkinson's disease - answers Alz - affects language and
memory
Park - affects all executive functioning
Huntington's disease - answers Genetic disorder that causes progressive deterioration
of brain cells. caused by a dominant allele. symptoms do not appear until about the age
of 30. involves involuntary muscle movement
Sclerosis - answers abnormal condition of hardening [Show Less]