WGU C785 Biochemistry Final Exam Review 225 Questions and Correct Answers with Rationales
1. The polymerase chain reaction is a tool used to study
... [Show More] protein structure.
True
False
False
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PCR is a tool used to amplify a specific segment of DNA.
What color is the primer in the following diagram?
Red
Purple
Blue
Red
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Recall from the section on DNA replication that DNA polymerase needs a primer to begin DNA synthesis. This requirement means the primers will direct the DNA polymerase to only synthesize complementary strands of the target DNA. (Note: In DNA replication, the primers are RNA primers, while PCR generally uses DNA primers because they are more stable.)
dNTPs are DNA nucleotides used in PCR.
True
False
True
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dNTPs stands for deoxynucleotide triphosphates, which are the nucleotides used in DNA synthesis.
A thermocycler is a machine used for PCR that varies the temperature of a sample.
True
False
True
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For PCR, in each cycle, the two strands of the duplex DNA are separated by heating, then the reaction mixture is cooled to allow the primers to anneal (or pair) to their complementary segments on the DNA. Next, the DNA polymerase directs the synthesis of the complementary strands. The use of a heat-stable DNA polymerase eliminates the need to add fresh enzyme after each round of heating (heat inactivates most enzymes). Hence, in the presence of sufficient quantities of primers and dNTPs, PCR is carried out simply by cycling through the different temperatures for strand separation, primer annealing, and DNA synthesis.
The thermocycler is the machine that is used to vary the temperature of the samples.
DNA polymerase is used in DNA replication and in PCR.
True
False
True
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Both PCR and DNA replication require DNA polymerase to make new copies of DNA.
Which of the following changes can NOT be detected using PCR?
Differences in DNA sequence
Epigenetic changes
Deletions
Insertions
Epigenetic changes
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Epigenetic changes do not affect the sequence of the DNA. PCR is used to look at the DNA sequence.
Which of the following components is NOT used in PCR?
DNA template
DNA nucleotides
RNA polymerase
Primers
RNA polymerase
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PCR makes a DNA copy, so DNA polymerase is used. [Show Less]