WGU Biochemistry C785
Basic structure of an amino acid - ANSWER ==Amino group (NH2)
Carboxyl group COOH
alpha carbon
R group.
R group -
... [Show More] ANSWER ==define the shape of the protein and how they interact with the environment and the type of things they can do.
peptide bond - ANSWER ==Bonds that connect amino acids.
chemical bond - ANSWER ==an attraction between 2 atom resulting from a sharing of outer shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atoms. The bonded atoms gain a complete outer electron shell.
Covalent bonds - ANSWER ==a type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one pair of valence electrons
Molecule - ANSWER ==two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
double bond - ANSWER ==A chemical bond formed when atoms share two pairs of electrons. Ex: Oxygen O2.
Compound - ANSWER ==A substance formed by the combination of 2 or more elements. Ex: Methane (natural gas)
CH4
Electronegativity - ANSWER ==The attraction of a given atom for the electrons of a covalent bond.
nonpolar covalent bond - ANSWER ==electrons are shared equally by the two atoms.
Ex: H2 and O2.
polar covalent bond - ANSWER ==A bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. The shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom, making it slightly negative and the other atom slightly positive. Ex: H2O
Ion - ANSWER ==an atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost one or more electrons thus acquiring a charge.
Cation - ANSWER ==A positively charged ion
Anion - ANSWER ==A negatively charged ion
ionic bond - ANSWER ==A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions.
ex: Na+Cl- sodium chloride
- strong in dry environments but weak if submerged in water.
hydrogen bond - ANSWER ==A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule.
Ex: O2------NH3
Vander Waals Interactions - ANSWER ==Weak attractions between molecules or parts of molecules that result from transient local partial charges.
Protein - ANSWER ==A biologically functional molecule consisting of one or more polypeptides folded and coiled into a specific three-dimensional structure.
amino acids - ANSWER ==An organic molecule containing a carboxyl group and an amino group; serves as the monomer of proteins.
Classification of amino acids - ANSWER ==- polar, charged
- polar, uncharged
- non-polar, hydrophobic
non polar, hydrophobic - ANSWER ==R group only consist of carbon and hydrogen. C and H share electrons pretty equally so this portion of amino acids will not dissolve well in water.
polar (hydrophilic) - ANSWER ==the R group has Oxygen or Nitrogen in addition to Carbon and Hydrogen. Oxygen and Nitrogen are more electronegative than Hydrogen which means that they tug on electron more strongly. A full charge is indicated with a positive or negative sign.
Polar charged - ANSWER ==The R group can form ionic bonds that stabilize tertiary prote [Show Less]