Question 1
1 out of 1 points
A professor has taught the students about the pathogenesis of abdominal pain. Which
statement by a student indicates
... [Show More] the professor needs to review the material?
Selected
Answer:
Low concentrations of anaerobes, such
as Streptococci, Lactobacilli, Staphylococci, Enterobacteria, and Bacteroides,
produce abdominal pain.
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Which cardiac chambers have the thinnest wall and why?
Selected
Answer:
The right and left atria; they are low-pressure chambers that serve as
storage units and conduits for blood.
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
A healthcare provider notes that tapping the patient's facial nerve leads to lip twitching.
What electrolyte value is correlated with this finding?
Selected
Answer:
Ca ++: 8.2
mg/dL
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
What is the cause of functional dysphagia?
Selected
Answer:
Neural or muscular
disorders
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Which gastric hormone inhibits acid and pepsinogen secretion, as well as decreases the
release of gastrin?
Selected
Answer:
Somatosta
tin
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
What is one function of the tumor cell marker?
Selected
Answer:
To screen individuals at high risk for
cancer Question 7
1 out of 1 points
Why is leakage of lysosomal enzymes during chemical injuries significant?
Selected
Answer:
Enzymatic digestion of the nucleus and nucleolus occurs, halting
DNA synthesis.
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
The student wants information about a patient's renal function. What test does the
healthcare professional tell the student to evaluate?
Selected
Answer:
Glomerular filtration
rate
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
A student is preparing to irrigate a patient's wound and gathers supplies, including
hydrogen peroxide. What response by the health care professional is best?
Selected
Answer:
Tell the student to get some normal saline
instead.
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
A patient suffered multiple traumatic injuries and received many blood transfusions
within a few days of the injuries. For which medical condition should the healthcare
professional monitor the patient for?
Selected
Answer:
Hemosidero
sis
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
The data reporting that sickle cell disease affects approximately 1 in 600 American
blacks is an example of which concept?
Selected
Answer:
Prevalen
ce
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
A patient has a history of excessive use of magnesium-containing antacids and
aluminum-containing antacids. What lab value does the healthcare professional
correlate to this behavior?Selected
Answer:
Phosphate 1.9
mg/dL
Question 13
1 out of 1 points
A student asks why some vaccinations are given orally and some are given by injection.
What response by the professor is best?
Selected
Answer:
Each route stimulates a different lymphocyte-containing tissue,
resulting in different types of cellular and humoral immunity.
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
A person wants to know if eating only plant-based foods is advisable as a way to cut
cholesterol to near-zero levels. What response by the health care professional is best?
Selected
Answer:
No, many hormones are made from
cholesterol.
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
What is the initiating event that leads to the development of atherosclerosis?
Selected
Answer:
Injury to the endothelial cells that line the
artery walls
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
The cardiac electrical impulse normally begins spontaneously in the sinoatrial (SA) node
because of what reason?
Selected
Answer:
It depolarizes more rapidly than other automatic cells of
the heart.
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase in which protein is
evident?
Selected
Answer:
Alpha
fetoprotein
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
When comparing the clinical manifestations of both diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) andhyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS), which condition is
associated with only DKA?
Selected
Answer:
Kussmaul
respirations
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
A student learns what information about acute pancreatitis?
Selected
Answer:
Pancreatic enzymes autodigest pancreatic cells
and tissues.
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
If a patient develops acidosis, the nurse would expect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation
curve to react in which manner?
Selected
Answer:
Shift to the right, causing more oxygen (O 2) to be
released to the cells
Question 21
1 out of 1 points
A student asks the professor to differentiate Type 2 diabetes mellitus from Type 1. The
professors' response would be that Type 2 is best described as what?
Selected
Answer:
Resistance to insulin by insulin-sensitive
tissues
Question 22
0 out of 1 points
The healthcare professional explains to a student that the amount of volume of blood in
the heart is directly related to the _____ of contraction.
Selected
Answer:
Pressur
e
Question 23
1 out of 1 points
What is apoptosis?
Selected
Answer:
Normal mechanism for cells to self-destruct when growth
is excessive
Question 241 out of 1 points
In regulating vascular mediators released from mast cells, the role of eosinophils is to
release what?
Selected
Answer:
Histaminase, which limits the effects of histamine during acute
inflammation
Question 25
1 out of 1 points
A professor has taught a student about skeletal alterations seen in chronic kidney
disease. Which statement by the student indicates the professor needs to give more
information?
Selected
Answer:
The parathyroid gland is no longer able to secrete sufficient
parathyroid hormone.
Question 26
1 out of 1 points
The action of platelet-derived growth factor is to stimulate the production of which cells?
Selected
Answer:
Connective tissue
cells
Question 27
1 out of 1 points
A patient is in severe shock and is receiving vasopressin. A student asks the health care
professional to explain the rationale for this treatment. What response by the
professional is most accurate?
Selected
Answer:
Antidiuretic hormone causes vasoconstriction to help increase
blood pressure.
Question 28
1 out of 1 points
What effect is a result of inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system with a drug
such as atropine?
Selected
Answer:
Salivation
decreases.
Question 29
1 out of 1 points
People diagnosed with neurofibromatosis have varying degrees of the condition because
of which genetic principle?Selected
Answer:
Expressivi
ty
Question 30
1 out of 1 points
Which term is used to identify the movement of gas and air into and out of the lungs?
Selected
Answer:
Ventilatio
n
Question 31
1 out of 1 points
A healthcare professional wants to determine the adequacy of a person's alveolar
ventilation. What assessment finding is most important for the professional to consider?
Selected
Answer:
Arterial blood gas shows a PaCO 2 of 44
mmHg.
Question 32
1 out of 1 points
Renal failure is the most common cause of which type of hyperparathyroidism?
Selected
Answer:
Seconda
ry
Question 33
1 out of 1 points
What is the cause of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)?
Selected
Answer:
Reduction in the number of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors
on cell surfaces
Question 34
1 out of 1 points
What is the single most common cause of cellular injury?
Selected
Answer:
Hypoxic
injury
Question 35
1 out of 1 points
A student asks the professor how a faulty negative-feedback mechanism results in a
hormonal imbalance. What response by the professor is best?Selected
Answer:
Excessive hormone production results from a failure to turn
off the system.
Question 36
1 out of 1 points
Oxygenated blood flows through which vessel?
Selected
Answer:
Pulmonary
veins
Question 37
1 out of 1 points
A patient in the hospital has hypernatremia. What condition should the healthcare
professional assess for?
Selected
Answer:
Hypersecretion of
aldosterone
Question 38
1 out of 1 points
A healthcare professional is caring for four patients. Which patient should the
professional assess for hyperkalemia?
Selected
Answer:
Renal
failure
Question 39
1 out of 1 points
The acute inflammatory response is characterized by fever that is produced by the
hypothalamus being affected by what?
Selected
Answer:
Endogenous
pyrogens
Question 40
1 out of 1 points
A student asks the healthcare professional to explain the pathophysiologic process of
alcoholic cirrhosis. What statement by the professional would not be consistent with
complete knowledge about this process?
Selected
Answer:
Inflammation and damage leading to cirrhosis begin in the
bile canaliculi.
Question 41
1 out of 1 pointsA healthcare professional tells a student that a patient has lost atrial kick. What would
the student expect to see when examining this patient?
Selected
Answer:
Signs of decreased cardiac
output
Question 42
1 out of 1 points
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, why does an increase in the osmotic pressure
within the cell occur?
Selected
Answer:
Sodium chloride enters
the cell.
Question 43
1 out of 1 points
The Bainbridge reflex is thought to be initiated by sensory neurons in which cardiac
location?
Selected
Answer:
Atri
a
Question 44
1 out of 1 points
Which primary characteristic is unique for the immune response?
Selected
Answer:
The immune response is specific to the antigen that
initiates it.
Question 45
0 out of 1 points
A patient has been admitted for a possible small intestinal obstruction. What is the first
sign the healthcare professional assesses for that would indicate the presence of this
condition?
Selected
Answer:
Vomitin
g
Question 46
1 out of 1 points
Which type of immunity is produced by an individual after either natural exposure to the
antigen or after immunization against the antigen?
Selected
Answer:
Active-acquired
immunity Question 47
1 out of 1 points
What is the major determinant of the resistance that blood encounters as it flows
through the systemic circulation?
Selected
Answer:
Muscle layer of the
arterioles
Question 48
1 out of 1 points
Free radicals play a major role in the initiation and progression of which diseases?
Selected
Answer:
Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and ischemic
heart disease
Question 49
1 out of 1 points
A patient asks the healthcare professional why tissue damage occurs in acute rejection
after organ transplantation. What response by the professional is best?
Selected
Answer:
Th1 cells release cytokines that activate infiltrating macrophages, and
cytotoxic T cells directly attack the endothelial cells of the transplanted
tissue.
Question 50
1 out of 1 points
Under anaerobic conditions, what process provides energy for the cell?
Selected
Answer:
Glycolys
is
Question 51
1 out of 1 points
A patient reports dumping syndrome after a partial gastrectomy. What does the
healthcare professional teach this patient?
Selected
Answer:
Eat small, frequent high-protein
meals.
Question 52
0 out of 1 points
Which statement made by a student indicates the healthcare professional needs to
describe the pericardium again?
Selected The pericardium protects the heart against infection andAnswer: inflammation from the lungs and pleural space.
Question 53
1 out of 1 points
The student asks the professor to explain what characteristic is demonstrated by lungs
with decreased compliance?
Selected
Answer:
Stiffne
ss
Question 54
1 out of 1 points
A student studying biology asks the professor to describe how the ras gene is involved in
cancer proliferation. What explanation by the professor is best?
Selected
Answer:
A mutation in this gene allows continuous cell
growth.
Question 55
1 out of 1 points
How do free radicals cause cell damage?
Selected
Answer:
Giving up an electron, which causes injury to the chemical bonds of
the cell membrane
Question 56
1 out of 1 points
A patient had a myocardial infarction that damaged the SA node, which is no longer
functioning as the pacemaker of the heart. What heart rate would the healthcare
provider expect the patient to have?
Selected
Answer:
40 to 60
beats/min
Question 57
1 out of 1 points
A patient is having a spirometry measurement done and asks the healthcare
professional to explain this test. What response by the professional is best?
Selected
Answer:
To measure the volume and flow rate during forced
expiration
Question 58
1 out of 1 points
How does progressive nephron injury affect angiotensin II activity?Selected
Answer:
Angiotensin II activity is
elevated.
Question 59
1 out of 1 points
What are blood pressure variations associated with?
Selected
Answer:
The renin-angiotensin system's effect on
vasoconstriction
Question 60
1 out of 1 points
During acidosis, the body compensates for the increase in serum hydrogen ions by
shifting hydrogen ions into the cell in exchange for which electrolyte?
Selected
Answer:
Potassiu
m
Question 61
0 out of 1 points
A person has hypothyroidism. What chemical does the healthcare professional advise
the person to include in the diet?
Selected
Answer:
Iro
n
Question 62
1 out of 1 points
What is the blood type of a person who is heterozygous, having A and B alleles as
codominant?
Selected
Answer:
AB
Question 63
0 out of 1 points
A class of students has learned about contributing factors to duodenal ulcers. What
statement indicates to the professor that the students need a review?
Selected
Answer:
Duodenal ulcers occur with greater frequency than other types of
peptic ulcers.
Question 64
0 out of 1 points
A healthcare professional is conducting community education on vaccinations. Whichstatement about vaccines does the professional include in the presentation?
Selected
Answer:
Most viral vaccines are made by using dead
organisms.
Question 65
1 out of 1 points
Which hormone is required for water to be reabsorbed in the distal tubule and collecting
duct?
Selected
Answer:
Antidiuretic
hormone
Question 66
0 out of 1 points
During the cardiac cycle, why do the aortic and pulmonic valves close after the
ventricles relax?
Selected
Answer:
Reduced pressure in the ventricles creates a negative pressure,
which pulls the valves closed.
Question 67
1 out of 1 points
A healthcare professional is caring for a patient undergoing chemotherapy. What is the
skin-related health risk the professional should assess the patient for and be prepared to
treat?
Selected
Answer:
Infectio
n
Question 68
1 out of 1 points
A patient has portal hypertension-induced splenomegaly. Which lab value would the
healthcare professional associate with this condition?
Selected
Answer:
Low platelet
count
Question 69
1 out of 1 points
A healthcare professional is caring for four patients. Which patient does the professional
assess for pulmonary emboli (PE) as the priority?
Selected
Answer:
Deep venous
thrombosis Question 70
1 out of 1 points
A healthcare professional is working with a person who drinks several 6-packs of beer a
week. What testing does the professional encourage the person to get?
Selected
Answer:
Hepatic
function
Question 71
1 out of 1 points
What physical sign does the healthcare professional relate to the result of turbulent
blood flow through a vessel?
Selected
Answer:
Murmur heard on
auscultation
Question 72
1 out of 1 points
What is the only surface inside the nephron where cells are covered with microvilli to
increase the reabsorptive surface area called?
Selected
Answer:
Proximal convoluted
tubules
Question 73
0 out of 1 points
A patient has been diagnosed with a renal stone. Based on knowledge of common stone
types, what self-care measure does the healthcare professional plan to teach the patient
when stone analysis has returned?
Selected
Answer:
Increase water
intake.
Question 74
0 out of 1 points
A patient asks the healthcare professional to describe the cause of gastroesophageal
reflux disease (GERD). What response by the professional is best?
Selected
Answer:
Excessive production of
hydrochloric acid
Question 75
1 out of 1 points
A student asks the healthcare professional to explain the function of the papillary
muscles. What response by the professional is best?Selected
Answer:
These muscles prevent backward expulsion of the
atrioventricular valves.
Question 76
0 out of 1 points
A patient has diabetes mellitus. A recent urinalysis showed increased amounts of
protein. What therapy does the healthcare provider educate the patient that is specific
to this disorder?
Selected
Answer:
More frequent blood glucose
monitoring
Question 77
0 out of 1 points
It has been determined that a patient's tumor is in stage 2. How does the healthcare
professional describe this finding to the patient?
Selected
Answer:
Cancer has spread to regional
structures.
Question 78
1 out of 1 points
A healthcare professional is assessing a child who has complete trisomy of the twentyfirst chromosome. What findings does the professional relate to this condition?
Selected
Answer:
An IQ of 25 to 70, low nasal bridge, protruding tongue, and flat,
low-set ears
Question 79
1 out of 1 points
What is the second most commonly recognized genetic cause of intellectual disability?
Selected
Answer:
Fragile X
syndrome
Question 80
1 out of 1 points
Pressure in the left ventricle must exceed pressure in which structure before the left
ventricle can eject blood?
Selected
Answer:
Aort
a
Question 81
1 out of 1 pointsA pregnant woman has Graves disease. What test/s does the healthcare professional
advise the woman about?
Selected
Answer:
Blood test for
hyperthyroidism
Question 82
1 out of 1 points
Which chamber of the heart endures the highest pressures?
Selected
Answer:
Left
ventricle
Question 83
1 out of 1 points
Once they have penetrated the first line of defense, which microorganisms do natural
killer (NK) cells actively attack?
Selected
Answer:
Viruse
s
Question 84
0 out of 1 points
In teaching a women's community group, which risk factor does the healthcare
professional teach is related to high morbidity of cancer of the colon, uterus, and
kidney?
Selected
Answer:
Women older than 45 years
of age
Question 85
1 out of 1 points
A healthcare professional is caring for four patients. Which patient does the professional
assess for neurogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)?
Selected
Answer:
Posterior pituitary
trauma
Question 86
1 out of 1 points
Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for other signs of thyrotoxic
crisis?
Selected
Answer:
Hyperthermia and
tachycardia Question 87
0 out of 1 points
Within a physiologic range, what does an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic
volume (preload) result in?
Selected
Answer:
Decrease in
repolarization
Question 88
1 out of 1 points
What is the inflammatory effect of nitric oxide (NO)?
Selected
Answer:
Decreases mast cell function, and decreases platelet
aggregation
Question 89
1 out of 1 points
What is the role of reverse transcriptase in HIV infection?
Selected
Answer:
It converts RNA into doublestranded DNA.
Question 90
1 out of 1 points
A student asks why carbon monoxide causes tissue damage. What response by the
professor is best?
Selected
Answer:
Binds to hemoglobin so that it cannot
carry oxygen
Question 91
1 out of 1 points
A healthcare professional cares for older adults in a skilled nursing facility. What should
the professional assess for in these individuals related to cardiovascular functioning?
Selected
Answer:
Increased rate of falling and dizzy
spells
Question 92
1 out of 1 points
What are tumor cell markers?
Selected
Answer:
Hormones, enzymes, antigens, and antibodies that are produced
by cancer cells Question 93
1 out of 1 points
A female patient has been diagnosed with an uncomplicated urinary tract infection.
What self-care measure does the healthcare provider teach the patient that is specific to
this type of infection?
Selected
Answer:
After using the bathroom, wipe from front
to back.
Question 94
1 out of 1 points
What pathologic change occurs to the kidney's glomeruli as a result of hypertension?
Selected
Answer:
Ischemia of the
tubule
Question 95
0 out of 1 points
Surfactant produced by type II alveolar cells facilitates alveolar distention and
ventilation by which mechanism?
Selected
Answer:
Increasing surface tension in the
alveoli
Question 96
1 out of 1 points
What is the process that ensures mitral and tricuspid valve closure after the ventricles
are filled with blood?
Selected
Answer:
Increased pressure in the ventricles pushes the
valves to close.
Question 97
0 out of 1 points
A healthcare professional is educating a patient about asthma. The professional states
that good control is necessary due to which pathophysiologic process?
Selected
Answer:
Norepinephrine causes bronchial smooth muscle contraction and
mucus secretion but it also causes high blood pressure.
Question 98
0 out of 1 points
A patient had a thyroidectomy and now reports tingling around the mouth and has a
positive Chvostek sign. What laboratory finding would be most helpful to the healthcare
professional?Selected
Answer:
TSH and
T 4
Question 99
1 out of 1 points
A patient's urinalysis came back positive for glucose. What does the healthcare
professional expect the patient's blood glucose to be at a minimum?
Selected
Answer:
180
mg/dL
Question 100
1 out of 1 points
The student asks the professor why water and electrolytes are transported in both
directions through tight junctions and intercellular spaces rather than across cell
membranes. What response by the professor is best?
Selected
Answer:
The epithelial cell membranes are formed of lipids that are
hydrophobic and therefore repel water.
Question 101
0 out of 0 points
When completing this exam, did you comply with Walden University's Code of Conduct
including the expectations for academic integrity?
Selected
Answer:
Ye
s
Thursday, July 9, 2020 6:22:58 PM EDT [Show Less]