Modernity:
- Change, Speed/Movement, Uneasiness
- ephemeral = existing for a very short time, fleeting
France – king is state and shifts to people
... [Show More] are state, first time people seize power
people initiate french revolution in 1789
enlightenment ideas – focus on the individual rather than state
early 18th century
enlightenment – radical new synthesis of ideas about humanity, reason,
nature and God
belief that destiny can be shaped and changed
philosophes – those men engaging with reason, individualism, liberty
BAROQUE: grand scale, glorification of monarch, allegorical
Baroque & Counter - Reformation Art, Early/mid- 17th Century
Baroque art:
dramatic, dynamic, emotive, visceral
tenebrism
realism (unidealized)
Chiaroscuro - the treatment of light and shadow in the painting, an effect of contrasted light and shadow in the painting
Royal Academy – Louis XIV establishes in 1646
place where artists were trained
everything was administered by the King
major exhibition called the Salon
life model – figure that everyone would draw or paint
women were not allowed to paint naked bodies
plaster busts in the back
examples of portraits
first learn how to draw and then would work it up into oil
start with naked bodies and then put the clothes on
Royal Academy: Hierarchy of Genres:
1. History Painting
2. Portraits
3. Genre Scenes
4. Landscapes
5. Animal Painting
6. Still Life
Rococo: 17th century France - Fragonard
style: ostentatious (like Baroque), but more escapism and eroticism
themes: fantasy and the idyllic
color: creamy pastels and soft, diffuse light
brushwork: expressive, often visible, feathery and soft
period of rapid social change
erotic overtone, feathery brushstrokes, pastels, intimate, delicate,
Louis XIV – didn't care about the government (Known as the Sun King)
lots of fantasy
Louis XVI = the beheaded king
Neo-classicism: late 17th c. France - Kauffman and David
• comes after rococo
• Neo-classicism:
• subjects: classical subjects; moralizing subjects; illustrate
enlightenment values
• brushstroke: “licked surface,” invisible brushstroke, smooth surface
• color: rich palettes, saturated solid colors, clear and cool light
• scale: monumental (history painting)
• style
• austere, moral values, didactic, crisp lines, hard edges, clarity,
instructive in some ways
• history painting: teaches a lesson through historical story
Salon of 1785 – happened every two years, looking to the audience to portray active public opinion [Show Less]