PEMDAS
(parenthesis, exponents, multiplication, division, addition, subtraction) work left to right
Exponential Notation
Ex: 6^4, 2^3, 9^10,
... [Show More] etc.
Expanded Form
Ex: 7x7x7, 6x6, 2x2x2x2x2, etc.
Standard Notation
Ex: 5^2= 25; 25 is the standard notation (the answer or solution)
+x+
=+
+x-
=-
-x-
=+
Adding or Subtracting fractions
You need a common denominator
Multiplying fractions
no special rule, just multiply Ex: 2/5 x 3/9= 6/45
Dividing fractions
flip 2nd fraction and multiply Ex: 2/5 divided by 3/9= 2/5 x 9/3
Solving Equations w/ fractions
either multiply both sides of the equation by the reciprocal of the fraction, or multiply both sides of the equation by the denominator of the fraction
Percent Increase or Decrease problems
Formula: amount of change/ original number. Ex: Find the percent decrease if the price changes from $60 to $39. 60-39= 21. amount of change= $21 original number= $60. $21/$60= 0.35. Convert to percents. 0.35= 35%
Interest
Formula: interest= principal x rate x time (I= PxRxT)
Point
-A point has no dimension
-It is represented by a dot
-A point is written using an upper-case letter
Line
-A line has one dimension
-Named using any two point on a line w a two sided arrow above them
-It can also be named using a lower-case cursive letter
Collinear Points
Points that are on the same line
Plane
-A plane has two dimensions
-It is represented by a shape that looks like a floor or a wall, but it extends w/o an end
-Through any three points not on the same line there is exactly one plane
-A plane is written using 3 non-collinear points or with upper-case cursive letter
Coplanar points
Points that lie in the same plane
Line Segment
A line segment is named using both end points with a line above them
Ray
A ray is named using its endpoint first and then any other point on the ray pointing to the right above them
Intersecting lines
2 lines that share exactly one point
Parallel lines
2 lines that are always the same distance apart and never touch
Perpendicular lines
The relationship between 2 lines which meet at a right angle (90degrees). Perpendicular lines= 2 lines intersect at a right angle
Right angle
90 degrees
Straight angle
180 degrees
Acute angle
between 0 degrees and 90 degrees
Obtuse angle
between 90 degrees and 180 degrees
Complementary angles
2 angles that have the sum of 90 degrees
Supplementary angles
2 angles that have the sum of 180 degrees
the sum of the angle measures in a triangle
180 degrees
Acute triangle
All angles are acute
Right triangle
One angle is right
Obtuse triangle
One angle is obtuse
Scalene triangle
All sides have different lengths
Isosceles triangle
At least 2 sides have the same length
Equilateral triangle
All sides have the same length
The sum of the lengths of a triangle
The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle must be greater than the length of the third side
Polygon
A polygon is a closed figure whose sides are line segments that do not cross
Regular Polygon
A regular polygon is a polygon where all of the sides have equal lengths and all of the angles have equal measures
Trapezoid
One pair of opposite sides are parallel
Parallelogram
Both pairs of opposite sides parallel
Rhombus
All sides congruent
Rectangle
4 right angles
Square
All sides congruent and 4 right angles
Circle
The set of all points in a plane that are a a given distance from a given pint, the center
Radius
Any of the line segments from its center to its perimeter
Diameter
Any straight line segment that passes through the center of the circle and whose endpoints lie on the circle. The longest chord of the circle.
Central angle
The angle that forms when two radii meet at the center of a circle
Chord
A straight line segment whose endpoints both lie on the circle
All angle measures in a circle
= 360 degrees [Show Less]