The major cause of preventable death after injury - CORRECT ANSWER Uncontrolled hemorrhage
The best measure of the adequacy of cellular perfusion
... [Show More] and helps to predict the outcome of resuscitation - CORRECT ANSWER Base deficit
Examples of primary blast injuries - CORRECT ANSWER Blast lung, ruptured tympanic membrane, TBI, abdominal hemorrhage
Examples of secondary blast injuries - CORRECT ANSWER Wounds from debris and bomb fragments
Examples of tertiary blast injuries - CORRECT ANSWER Blunt or penetrating trauma from the body being thrown by the blast
Examples of quaternary blast injuries - CORRECT ANSWER Injuries or illness related to explosion: burns, toxic injury from chemicals
Examples of quinary blast injuries - CORRECT ANSWER Injuries associated with exposure to hazardous materials from the components of the blast
Questions to ask for airway assessment (need 4) - CORRECT ANSWER Is the tongue obstructing?
Are there any foreign objects?
Is there any edema?
Are there loose or missing teeth?
Is there snoring, gurgling, or stridor?
Is there bony deformity?
Is there blood, vomit, or secretions?
Questions to ask during breathing assessment. (Need 4) - CORRECT ANSWER Is there symmetrical chest rise?
Is there spontaneous breathing?
Is there tracheal deviation or JVD?
What is their skin color?
Are there open wounds or deformities in the chest?
What's the depth, pattern, and rate of respirations?
Is there increased work of breathing?
Are breath sounds present and equal?
3 ways to assess ETT placement - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Apply end tidal, assess CO2 after 5-6 breaths
2. Assess for symmetrical chest wall rise and fall
3. Auscultation over the epigastrium for gurgling and bilateral breath sounds.
What do you document after placing an ETT? - CORRECT ANSWER ETT placement at teeth or gums
Situations that require a definitive airway - CORRECT ANSWER GCS 8 or less
Apnea
Inhalation injury
Increased risk of aspiration
Anticipate decreased neuro status
Severe maxo fractures
Laryngeal/tracheal injury
Where do you listen for breath sounds? - CORRECT ANSWER 2nd intercostal space at midclavicular line and
5th intercostal space at anterior axillary line
King airway - CORRECT ANSWER A multidimensional esophageal airway that traps the glottis opening between an esophageal cuff and an oropharyngeal cuff
3 things to assess for circulation - CORRECT ANSWER Palpate central pulse
Assess (again) for external hemorrhage
Inspect and palpate skin for color, temp, and moisture.
When do you establish IV access? - CORRECT ANSWER Right after the circulatory assessment
At what point to you evaluate need for transfer or definitive care? - CORRECT ANSWER After the primary survey
How do you palpate the iliac crests? - CORRECT ANSWER Downward and medially
The 3 components of the pediatric assessment triangle - CORRECT ANSWER Skin circulation, work of breathing, general appearance
What type of fluids should you give kids with normal blood glucose? - CORRECT ANSWER Fluids with dextrose to prevent hypoglycemia
How much fluid do you give a kid? - CORRECT ANSWER 20mL/kg
What assessment finding gives concern for severe brain injury? - CORRECT ANSWER Bulging fontanels
Parkland formula - CORRECT ANSWER 3mL x the weight in kg x % TBSA = the fluid to go over 24 hours
How do you give the fluid over 24 hours in parkland formula? - CORRECT ANSWER First half over 8 hours and second half over 16 hours
Normal baseline FHR - CORRECT ANSWER 120-160
What does Kleihaver-Betke test for? - CORRECT ANSWER Tests for fetal RBCs I. Maternal circulation, which is abnormal and could indicate fetomaternal hemorrhage has occurred
Symptoms of abruptly placentae - CORRECT ANSWER Dark red bleeding, sudden sharp abdominal pain, "board-like" uterus, increased FHR
Symptoms of uterine rupture - CORRECT ANSWER Sudden sharp abdominal or suprapibic pain, asymmetry of uterus, decreased FHR
What degree to you tilt the supine pregnant patient to prevent supine hypotension? - CORRECT ANSWER 15 degrees
3 parts of the trauma triad of death - CORRECT ANSWER Hypothermia, coagulopathy, metabolic acidosise
Examples of obstructive shock - CORRECT ANSWER Tension pneumo, cardiac tamponade, pulmonary artery embolism
Symptoms of stage 1 of shock - CORRECT ANSWER Change in neuro status, increased DBP, decreased UO, tachycardia
Symptoms of stage 2 of shock - CORRECT ANSWER Declining neuro status, tachycardia, narrow pulse pressure, weak thready pulse, cool skin, abnormal base deficit, increased lactate
symptoms of epidural hematoma - CORRECT ANSWER Transient LOC with a lucid period, HA, N/V, rapidly declining neuro status
For what reasons would you not give mannitol? - CORRECT ANSWER An active bleed or hypotension
What is Beck triad for cardiac tamponade? - CORRECT ANSWER Hypotension, distended neck veins, muffled heart sounds
Solid abdominal organs and what are they prone to? - CORRECT ANSWER Liver, spleen, gallbladder, pancreas, prone to lacerations
Hollow abdominal organs and what are they prone to - CORRECT ANSWER Stomach, bowels, uterus, bladder, prone to rupture
Big symptom of splenic injury - CORRECT ANSWER Left shoulder pain
Where do you secure a pelvic binder? - CORRECT ANSWER At the level of the greater trochanter and symphysis pubis
What is Turners sign? - CORRECT ANSWER Ecchymosis over the flank at the 11th and 12th ribs, in renal injury
What organs do you ultrasound in a FAST exam? - CORRECT ANSWER Bladder, liver, spleen
What kind of dressing do you apply to an open pneumo? - CORRECT ANSWER Nonporous dressing (petr [Show Less]