Which is the primary functional unit of the nervous system?
1
Axon
Correct2
Neuron
3
Dendrite
4
Myelin sheath
Neurons are the primary functional
... [Show More] unit of the nervous system. The myelin sheath is a white lipid protein
substance that acts as an insulator for the conduction of impulses. Axons carry nerve impulses to other
neurons or to end organs such as smooth and striated muscles and glands. Dendrites are short
processes extending from the cell body that receive impulses or signals from other neurons and conduct
them toward the cell body.
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3.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with suspected lesions in Broca's area. What
manifestation is the nurse likely to find during assessment?
1
Visual defects
2
Difficulty in swallowing
Correct3
Irregular speech patterns
4
Decreased sense of smell
Broca's area, located at the frontal lobe of the cerebrum, regulates verbal expression. Lesions in Broca's
area affect speech production. Visual defects are common if the lesion is in the occipital lobe. Damage to
the olfactory bulb may affect the sense of smell. Brainstem injuries may cause difficulty in swallowing.
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4.
To test the function of the optic nerve (CN II), the nurse often uses a Snellen chart. If
a Snellen chart is not available, what can the nurse use for this assessment?
1
Penlight
2
Amsler grid
3
Ophthalmoscope
Correct4
Magazine or newspaper
To test the function of the optic nerve (CN II), the nurse tests the visual acuity. If a Snellen chart is not
available, asking the patient to read from a magazine or newspaper will give a gross assessment of acuity.
The Amsler grid is used to detect macular degeneration. The ophthalmoscope is an instrument that is
used for inspection of vessels and structures within the eye.
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