INAL Cumulative REVIEW (CHAPTERS 1-6)
Two market resources in our country - demand/supply
1. state the law of demand (consumer side-behavioral)
As the
... [Show More] price of a good goes up, the demand goes down
Or the price of a good goes down, the demand goes up.
2. define the law of supply (business side)
As the cost of a good goes up, the supply goes up
Or as the cost goes down, so does the supply.
3. what is considered a “normal” good by economists
Normal good is – income of consumer goes up, demand goes up. Demand curve shifts to right.
Results in higher prices and quantity goes up.
4. what is the difference between quantity demanded and demand curve?
The quantity demanded is the quantity demanded at any given price whereas the demand curve is an
illustration of the quantity demanded at any given price offered in the market.
Any points on the demand curve is the quantity demanded.
Demand curve is the whole graph. Shift to right or left.
Change in price or change in income.
5. what is the reason why the quantity demanded of a good increases, when its price falls?
1. substitution effect – (tea and coffee are substitutes)
2. income effect (low income – no coffee if prices rise)
Because as the price falls, people tend to buy more of a product.
6. define surplus and shortage
Surplus and shortage are a market phenomenon.
Shortage – prices go up.
Surplus – prices go down and open up quantity
Surplus and shortages are market phenomenon that occur in a market. Surpluses occur when the
supply is higher than the demand whereas shortages occur when the demand is larger than the supply.
7. discuss factorsthat shift the demand curve
Change in preference in consumer taste or income change. Shift left or right.
Input prices, natural conditions, changesin technology, government taxes, regulations, and subsidies.
8. discuss factorsthat shift the supply curve
1. cost of inputs used for production ( labor, materials, # of suppliers)
2. Changes in taste, population, income, prices of a substitute product or complement product,
expectations about future prices and market conditions. [Show Less]