TEST BANK OF GENETICS MENDEL’S BREAKTHROUGH- PATTERNS, PARTICLES, AND PRINCIPLES OF HEREDITY QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Fill in the Blank
1. A is a
... [Show More] sequence of nucleotides that are basic units of biological information.
Ans: gene Difficulty: 1
2. is the science of heredity and it seeks a precise explanation of the biological structures and mechanisms that determine what is inherited and how it is inherited.
Ans: Genetics Difficulty: 1
3. is the purposeful control over mating by choice of parents for the next generation.
Ans: Artificial selection Difficulty: 1
4. is the process whereby both egg and pollen come from the same plant.
Ans: Self fertilization Difficulty: 1
5. is a Mendelian law that states both alleles must separate during gamete formation.
Ans: Law of segregation Difficulty: 1
6. , and all were involved in the rediscovery of Mendel's research.
Ans: Corens, deVaries, Tschermak Difficulty: 1
Describe below the meaning of each symbol.
7.
Ans: Normal male Difficulty: 1
8.
Ans: Normal female Difficulty: 1
9.
Ans: Marriage Difficulty: 1
10.
Ans: Affected male Difficulty: 2
11. Inherited trait expressed only when the controlling gene is homozygous.
Ans: Recessive Difficulty: 2
12. One contrasting form of a gene. Ans: Allele
Difficulty: 2
13. Symbol for the grandparents of a given individual. Ans: P2
Difficulty: 2
14. The observable properties of an organism that are under genetic control.
Ans: Phenotype Difficulty: 2
Multiple Choice
15. The first offspring from the parents are called:
A) P.
B) F1.
C) F2.
D) testcross.
E) backcross. Ans: B Difficulty: 1
16. A is a cross between an unknown and a homozygous recessive.
A) testcross
B) dihybrid
C) monohybrid
D) backcross
E) controlled Ans: A Difficulty: 1
17. If an individual has 10 gene pairs, how many different gametes can be formed if three of the gene pairs are homozygous and the remaining 7 gene pairs are heterozygous?
A) 49
B) 100
C) 128
D) 1024
E) 131,072
Ans: C Difficulty: 4
18. If the parents of a family already have two boys, what is the probability that the next two offspring will be girls?
A) 1
B) 1/2
C) 1/3
D) 1/4
E) 1/8
Ans: D Difficulty: 2
19. In some genetically engineered corn plants the dominant gene (BT) produces a protein that is lethal to certain flying insect pests that eat the corn plants. It was also found that the pollen could also cause death in some flying insects. If the corn plant is heterozygous for BT, what proportion of the pollen would carry the dominant gene?
A) All pollen
B) 1/2
C) 1/3
D) 1/4
E) 1/8
Ans: B Difficulty: 1
20. Suppose that in plants, smooth seeds (S) are dominant to wrinkle seeds (s) and tall plants (T) are dominant to short plants (t). A tall plant with smooth seeds was backcrossed to a parent that was short and wrinkle. What proportion of the progeny is expected to be heterozygous for tall and smooth?
A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 1/8
D) 1/16
E) 0
Ans: B Difficulty: 2
21. Suppose that in plants, smooth seeds (S) are dominant to wrinkle seeds (s) and tall plants (T) are dominant to short plants (t). A tall plant with smooth seeds was backcrossed to a parent that was short and wrinkle. What proportion of the progeny is expected to be homozygous for short and wrinkle?
A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 1/8
D) 1/16
E) 0
Ans: B Difficulty: 2
22. Sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait in humans. In a cross between a father who has sickle cell anemia and a mother is heterozygous for the gene, what is the probability that their first three children will be normal?
A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) none
D) 1/8
E) 1/16 will be albino Ans: D Difficulty: 2
23. The dominant trait, Huntington disease causes severe neural/brain damage at approximately age 40. A female whose mother has Huntington disease, marries a male whose parents are normal. It is not known if the female has the disease. What is the probability that their first-born will inherit the gene that causes Huntington disease?
A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 75%
D) 100%
E) 0%
Ans: A Difficulty: 1
24. In a monohybrid cross AA aa, how many homozygotes are found among the F2 offspring?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five
Ans: B Difficulty: 1
25. In a monohybrid cross AA aa, how many heterozygotes are found among the F2 offspring?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five
Ans: B Difficulty: 1
26. In a dihybrid cross AAbb aaBB, how many homozygotes are found among the F2 offspring?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five
Ans: D Difficulty: 1
27. In a dihybrid cross AABB aabb, how many heterozygotes at both gene pairs are found among the F2 offspring?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five
Ans: D Difficulty: 1
28. In the dihybrid cross AaBb aabb, how many homozygotes are found among the F1 offspring?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five
Ans: A Difficulty: 1
29. In the dihybrid cross AaBb aabb, how many heterozygotes for both gene pairs are found among the F1 offspring?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five
Ans: A Difficulty: 1 [Show Less]