Test Bank For Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice Nurse Prescribers 5th
Edition By Teri Moser Woo, Marylou V. Robinson | Chapter 1 – 55, Latest
... [Show More] Edition|
Which cephalosporin class is best for treating influenza, enterobacteria, and neisseria? -
ANS-2nd gen- cefaclor (oral) or cefuroxime (oral)
What is the most toxic of the aminoglycosides? - ANS-neomycin
which of the following is NOT an aminoglycoside?
a) neomycin
b) azithromycin
c) gentamicin
d) tobramycin - ANS-azithromycin
Which of the following is NOT a macrolide?
a) clarithromycin
b) azithromycin
c) tobramycin
d) erythromycin - ANS-tobramycin
which aminoglycoside is best to use against pseudomonas?
a) tobramycin
b) neomycin
c) gentamicin - ANS-tobramycin
what are the 4 options to treat MRSA? - ANS-Clinda, Bactrim, Vanco, Doxy
fluoroquinolones interfere with DNA synthesis and are bactericidal - ANS-true
When should HIV + pts START therapy - ANS-Therapy should begin as soon as possible,
including the day of diagnosis.
Drugs Used for HIV Infection:
Fusion Inhibitors - ANS-Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon, also known as T-20)-Prototype
-prevent viruses from successfully fusing with the host cell
Mechanism of action: work by attaching to proteins on the surface of T-cells or proteins on
the surface of HIV. This prevents HIV from binding to the proteins on T-cells.
Contraindications: hypersensitivity
Use: HIV that has become resistant to other medications
ADR's: Increased risk of bacterial pneumonia- especially smokers and those with lung
disease, history of IV drug use
Administration: requires 2 subcutaneous injections per day.
Cost: extremely expensive
Macrolides - ANS-Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin
Spectrum: broad
Bacteriostatic (bactericidal in high doses and susceptible bacteria)
ADR's:
-will increase drug levels of theophylline, warfarin and others.
-GI distress VERY common. (Food helps with somewhat with GI issues)
-Can cause prolongation of the QT interval which can result in "torsades de pointe".
Uses
a substitute for penicillin in penicillin-allergic patients;
first-line drug for many infections (diphtheria, , mycoplasma pneumonia);
Atypical pneumonias Legionella)
STD-chlamydia
respiratory tract infections and skin infections
gram-positive cocci (streptococcal infections
Sulfonamides - ANS--Sulfamethoxazole (SMX)
-sulfisoxazole,
-sulfadiazine
-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra)
-Dapsone, used to leprosy
Spectrum: broad
Bacteriostatic: when used alone
Bactericidal: when combined with trimethoprim
ADR's: [Show Less]