Complete test bank for Motivation Theory, Research, and Application, 6th Edition by Herbert L. Petri, John M. Govern. Full Chapters test bank are included
... [Show More] - Chapter 1 to 13
Ch 1: Overview: Conceptualizing and Measuring Motivation and the Role of Evolution in Motivation
Chapter Preview
Introduction
Angie’s Problem
The Concept of Motivation
The Measurement of Motivation
Characteristics of Motivation
The Study of Motivation: Categories of Analysis
Levels of Analysis
Analysis of Angie’s Problem
Major Constructs in Motivation
Philosophical and Physiological Roots of Motivational Theory
The Flow of Ideas about Motivation
Evolution and Motivation
Sex
Interim Summary
Higher Motives?
Evolution
Instincts, Emotion, Thoughts and Behavior
The Authors’ Bias
Summary
Key Terms
Suggestions for Further Reading
Web Resource
Part II: Physiological Mechanisms of Motivation
Ch 2: Genetic Contributions to Motivated Behavior
Chapter Preview
Introduction
Early Instinct Theories
Classical Ethology
Some Modifications to the Basic Ideas of Ethology
Ethological Concepts Concerning Sex and Aggression
Modern Ethological Approaches
Summary
Key Terms
Suggestions for Further Reading
Ch 3: Physiological Mechanisms of Arousal
Chapter Preview
Introduction
Arousal Theory
The Reticular Activating System
Psychophysiological Measures
Sleep
Dreams
Physiology of Sleep
Brainstem Neural Flip-Flops
A Sleep Chemical
Possible Functions of Sleep
Stress
Endocrine System Activity and Stress
The General Adaptation Syndrome
Life Change, Stress, and Illness
Health Psychology
Psychoneuroimmunology
Placebo Effects
Sexual Arousal
Summary
Key Terms
Suggestions for Further Reading
Ch 4: Physiological Mechanisms of Regulation
Chapter Preview
Introduction
What Do We Eat: Taste and Smell as Gatekeepers
Why Do We Eat?
What Determines How Much We Eat?
Sensory Specific Satiety
Basic Metabolism
Local Theories
Central Theories
Homeostatic Regulation
Regulation of Hunger
Energy Regulation: Two Processes or One?
Nonhomeostatic Eating Behavior
Failure of Regulation
Cross-Cultural Evidence of Anorexia
Neurobiology of Anorexia
Heredity Factors
Brain Structures Involved in Anorexia
Bulimia Nervosa
Obesity
Hunger Regulation Reconsidered
Regulation of Thirst
Extracellular and Intracellular Mechanisms
Nonhomeostatic Drinking
Inhibitory Control of Drinking
Regulation of Sexual Motivation
Summary
Key Terms
Suggestions for Further Reading
Web Resources
Part III: The Behavioral Approaches: Learning, Incentives, and Hedonism
Ch 5: Learned Motives: Classical, Instrumental, and Observational Learning
Chapter Preview
Introduction
Pavlovian Classical Conditioning
Instrumental Conditioning
Classical-Operant Interactions in Motivation
Learned Helplessness
Observational Learning (Modeling)
Learning and Aggression
Classical Conditioning and Aggression
Instrumental Conditioning and Aggression
Sexual Motivation and Learning
Summary
Key Terms
Suggestions for Further Reading
Web Resources
Ch 6: Incentive Motivation
Chapter Preview
Introduction
Incentives as Energizers
Incentives as Generators of Emotion
Incentives as Carriers of Information
Predictability
Klinger: Meaningfulness
Incentive Aspects of Sexual Motivation
Learned Sexual Stimuli
Female Attractiveness
Male Attractiveness
Incentive Motivation and Physical Addictions
Behavioral Addictions
Summary
Key Terms
Suggestions for Further Reading
Web Resources
Ch 7: Hedonism and Sensory Stimulation
Chapter Preview
Introduction
Hedonism
P. T. Young: Sign, Intensity, and Duration
Sensory Stimulation and the Hedonic Continuum
Pain
Novelty, Curiosity, and Exploratory Behavior
Behaviors Released by Stimulation
Sensation Seeking
Opponent-Process Theory: Hedonism Revisited
Summary
Key Terms
Suggestion for Further Reading
Web Resources
Part IV: Cognitive Approaches to Motivation
Ch 8: Cognitive Motivation: Expectancy-Value Approaches
Chapter Preview
Introduction
Tolman’s Purposive Behavior
Kurt Lewin’s Force Field Theory
The Person
The Psychological Environment
Expectancy-Value Theory
Social Learning Theory
Attitudes, Behaviors, and Expectancy-Value
Social Loafing
Summary
Key Terms
Suggestions for Further Reading
Web Resources
Ch 9: Cognitive Consistency and Social Motivation
Chapter Preview
Introduction
Cognitive Consistency Theory
Social Motivation
Summary
Key Terms
Suggestions for Further Reading
Web Resources
Ch 10: Cognitive Motivation: Attribution Approaches
Chapter Preview
Introduction
Attribution Theory
Summary
Key Terms
Suggestions for Further Reading
Web Resources
Ch 11: Cognitive Motivation: Competence and Control
Chapter Preview
Introduction
Carl Rogers and Positive Regard
Abraham Maslow and Self-Actualization
A Revised Hierarchy of Needs
The Rise of Positive Psychology
Summary
Key Terms
Suggestions for Further Reading
Web Resources
Part V: Emotion and Motivation
Ch 12: The Emotions as Motivators
Chapter Preview
Introduction
Emotion from a Biological Perspective
Other Formulations of Emotion after Darwin
Brain Mechanisms of Emotion
Emotion from a Learning Perspective
Emotion from a Cognitive Perspective
Emotion as Primary and Universal
The Tomkins Model
Izard’s Differential EmotionsTheory
The Circumplex Model of Affect
Facial Expression and Emotion
Summary
Key Terms
Suggestions for Further Reading
Web Resources
Part VI: Endview
Chapter 13: Conclusions
Introduction [Show Less]