Chapter 1 The Aging Population
Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse explains that in the late 1960s, health care focus was aimed at the older adult
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a. disability was viewed as unavoidable.
b. complications from disease increased mortality.
c. older adults needs are similar to those of all adults.
d. preventive health care practices increased longevity.
ANS: D
Increased preventive health care practices, disease control, and focus on wellness helped people live longer.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 2 OBJ: 2
TOP: Aging Trends KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
2. The nurse clarifies that in the terminology defining specific age groups, the term aged refers to persons who are:
a. 55 to 64 years of age.
b. 65 to 74 years of age.
c. 75 to 84 years of age.
d. 85 and older.
ANS: C
The term aged refers to persons who are 75 to 84 years of age. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 2, Table 1-1 OBJ: 1 TOP: Age Categories KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
3. The nurse cautions that ageism is a mindset that influences persons to:
a. discriminate against persons solely on the basis of age.
b. fear aging.
c. be culturally sensitive to concerns of aging.
d. focus on resources for the older adult.
ANS: A
Ageism is a negative belief pattern that influences persons to discriminate against persons solely on the basis of age and can lead to destructive behaviors toward the older adult.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 5 OBJ: 3 TOP: Ageism KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychosocial Adaptation
4. The nurse points out that the most beneficial legislation that has influenced health care for the older adult is:
a. Medicare and Medicaid.
b. elimination of the mandatory retirement age.
c. the Americans with Disabilities Act.
d. the Drug Benefit Program.
ANS: A
The broadest sweeping legislation beneficial to the older adult is Medicare and Medicaid.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 16 OBJ: 6
TOP: Legislation KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: N/A
5. The nurse clarifies that a housing option for the older adult that offers the privacy of an apartment with restaurant-style meals and some medical and personal care services is the:
a. government-subsidized housing.
b. long-term care facility.
c. assisted-living center.
d. group housing plan.
ANS: C
Assisted-living arrangements offer the privacy of an apartment or condominium with meals prepared and served, limited medical care, and a variety of personal services.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 14 OBJ: 9
TOP: Housing Options KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
6. The 75-year-old man who has been hospitalized following a severe case of pneumonia is concerned about his mounting hospital bill and asks if his Medicare coverage will pay for his care. The nurses most helpful response is Yes. Medicare:
a. pays 100% of all medical costs for persons older than 65.
b. Part B pays hospital costs and physician fees.
c. Part A pays for inpatient hospital costs.
d. Part D pays 80% of the charges made by physicians.
ANS: C
Medicare Part A pays inpatient hospital costs, Part B pays 80% of physicians charges, and Part D helps defray prescription drug costs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 16 OBJ: 6
TOP: Medicare Provisions KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation
7. The daughter of a patient who has been diagnosed with terminal cancer asks which documents are required to allow her to make health care decisions for her parent. The nurses most informative response is:
a. Advance directives indicate the degree of intervention desired by the patient.
b. A Do Not Resuscitate document signed by the patient transfers authority to the next of kin.
c. A durable power of attorney for health care transfers decision-making authority for health care to a designated person.
d. A living will transfers authority to the physician.
ANS: C
A durable power of attorney for health care transfers the authority for decision making to a designated person.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 19 OBJ: 11
TOP: Advance Directives KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation
8. The daughter of a resident in a long-term care facility is frustrated with her 80-year-old mothers refusal to eat. The nurse explains that the refusal to eat is a behavior that is an:
a. effort to maintain a portion of independence and self direction.
b. indication of approaching Alzheimer disease.
c. effort to gain attention.
d. indication of the dislike of the institutional food.
ANS: A
Loss of independence and control is a significant issue for the older adult. Some residents will exercise whatever control they may retain.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 21 OBJ: 11
TOP: Loss of Independence KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation
9. The nurse clarifies that the conditions of a living will go into effect when:
a. the patient declares that desire in writing.
b. a family member indicates the desire for curative therapy to cease.
c. two physicians agree in writing that the criteria in the living will have been met.
d. the physician and a family member agree that the criteria in the living will have been met.
ANS: C
Two physicians must agree in writing that the criteria of the living will have been met before the document can go into effect.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 19 OBJ: 11
TOP: Living Wills KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
10. In the 1980s, Medicare initiated a program of diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) to reduce hospital costs by:
a. classifying various diagnoses as ineligible for hospitalization.
b. allotting a set amount of hospital days and prospective payment on the basis of the admitting diagnosis.
c. specifying particular physicians to treat specified diagnoses.
d. using frequency of a particular diagnosis to set a payment schedule.
ANS: B
DRGs set up a system of preset hospitalization time and payment on the basis of the admitting diagnosis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 16 OBJ: 6
TOP: DRGs KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
11. When discussing extended care with a patient who has had a hip replacement and needs physical therapy, the nurse would recommend a(n):
a. basic care facility.
b. skilled care facility.
c. subacute care facility.
d. assisted-living residence.
ANS: B
Skilled care facilities offer not only basic care but also services from trained licensed professionals such as nurses, physical therapists, speech therapists, and occupational therapists.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 16 OBJ: 9
TOP: Extended-Care Facilities KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
12. The 80-year-old woman who is recovering from a stroke is being sent to an extended-care facility. She is concerned about the expense. The nurse can allay anxiety by explaining that Medicare will cover extended-care facility costs:
a. for a period of 30 days.
b. for a period of 45 days for physical therapy.
c. for a period of 100 days for needed skilled care.
d. until she is able to be discharged home.
ANS: C
Medicare will cover extended-care costs for 100 days while skilled care is being applied to the resident. After 100 days, the resident must revert to private pay or ancillary long-term care insurance.
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