test-bank-for-essential-cell-biology-3rd-edition-albertsCHAPTER 2
CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF CELLS
2009 Garland Science Publishing 3rd Edition
Chemical
... [Show More] Bonds
2-1 If the isotope 32S has 16 protons and 16 neutrons, how many protons and how many neutrons will the isotope 35S has?
2-2 A. If 0.5 mole of glucose weighs 90 g, what is the molecular weight of glucose?
B. What is the concentration, in grams per liter (g/l), of a 0.25 M solution of glucose?
C. How many molecules are there in 1 mole of glucose?
2-3 Which of the following elements is LEAST abundant in living organisms?
(a) Sulfur
(b) Carbon
(c) Oxygen
(d) Nitrogen
(e) Hydrogen
2-4 Your friend learns about Avogadro’s number and thinks it is so huge that there may not even be a mole of living cells on Earth. You have recently heard that there are about 50 trillion (50 × 1012) human cells in each adult human body, so you bet your friend $5 that there is more than a mole of cells on Earth. Once you learn that each human contains more bacterial cells (in the digestive system) than human cells, you are sure that you have won the bet. The human population is now more than 6 billion (6 × 106). What calculation can you show your friend to convince him you are right?
2-5 Atoms form covalent bonds with each other by
(a) sharing protons.
(b) sharing electrons.
(c) transferring electrons from one atom to the other.
(d) sharing neutrons.
(e) attraction of positive and negative charges.
2-6 A carbon atom contains six protons and six neutrons.
A. What are its atomic number and atomic weight?
B. How many electrons does it have?
C. What is its valence? How does this affect carbon’s chemical behavior?
D. Carbon with an atomic weight of 14 is radioactive. How does it differ in structure from nonradioactive carbon? How does this difference affect its chemical behavior?
2-7 An ionic bond between two atoms is formed as a result of the
(a) sharing of electrons.
(b) loss of a neutron from one atom.
(c) loss of electrons from both atoms.
(d) loss of a proton from one atom.
(e) transfer of electrons from one atom to the other.
2-8 Which of the following pairs of elements are likely to form ionic bonds? Use Figure Q2-8 if necessary.
Figure Q2-8
(a) Hydrogen and hydrogen
(b) Magnesium and chlorine
(c) Carbon and oxygen
(d) Sulfur and hydrogen
(e) Carbon and chlorine [Show Less]