Details of TEST BANK Ebersole and Hess- Gerontological Nursing & Healthy Aging 2nd Canadian Edition TouhyeTOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3.
... [Show More] Which province or territory is predicted to have the fastest growing older-person
population in Canada between the years 2006 and 2031?
a. Ontario
b. British Columbia
c. Yukon
d. Newfoundland
ANS: C
Feedback
A
Incorrect. As shown in Figure 1-1 in your text, the older-person
population of Ontario does not rise as rapidly as the older-person
population of Yukon between 2006 and 2031.
B
Incorrect. As shown in Figure 1-1 in your text, the older-person population
of British Columbia does not rise as rapidly as the older-person population
of
Yukon between 2006 and 2031.
C Correct. As shown in Figure 1-1 in your text, the older-person population
of Yukon rises faster than any of the other provinces and territories
between 2006 and 2031.
D Incorrect. As shown in Figure 1-1 in your text, the older-person population
of Newfoundland does not rise as rapidly as the older-person population of
Yukon between 2006 and 2031.
DIF: Knowledge REF: 3 (Figure 1-1)
TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotionand Maintenance
OBJ: 3
4. Historical influences that have shaped the lives of the majority of the middle-old in
Canada today include which of the following?
a. Influenza epidemic of 1918
b. Immigration from Communist Europe
c. Child-rearing during the Depression
d. World War II
ANS: D
Feedback
A
B
C
Incorrect. A person who survived the influenza epidemic would be at least
93 years old in 2011 and therefore be considered old-old, or centenarian.
Incorrect. Those who are middle-old in 2011 were born between 1920 and
1930, before Communism swept Europe.
Incorrect. Most of those who are middle-old in 2011 had not reached
childbearing age by the end of the Depression.
D Correct. Those who are middle-old in 2011 were in their teens and
twenties during the war; in particular, the men were very likely to have
fought in it.
DIF: Comprehension
REF: 2
TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
OBJ: 3
2 | P a g e5. A nurse prepares for the arrival of older persons evacuated from a forest fire in
northern Manitoba to a shelter for short-term care. Which of the following is the
priority nursing intervention?
a. Demonstrate that the staff is prepared to meet their needs.
b. Use individual medical records to develop a medication plan.
c. Help older persons to display family photos and memorabilia.
d. Help older persons to teach one another a new skill in the shelter.
ANS: B
Feedback
A
Incorrect. Providing safety and security from the fire is evident and
implied, as the older persons have been evacuated from danger. The
priority nursing intervention is caring for any health concerns; e.g.,
medication or treatments that were left behind.
B Correct. The nurse prepares for short-term care by prioritizing the needs
of the older persons, and this intervention helps to maintain the
therapeutic plan, thereby addressing the need for physiological integrity.
Furthermore, the nurse
maintains continuity of care by preparing a medication schedule to
prevent missed doses of medication.
C
Incorrect. In emergency conditions, the nurse provides basic care relating
to safety, security, and physical well-being. Maintaining a sense of belonging
is important, but not in emergency conditions.
D Incorrect. A state of emergency is not the time to develop self-esteem
because meeting safety, security, and physical needs is more important.
DIF: Analysis
REF: 6-7 OBJ: 4
TOP: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
6. According to researchers, which characteristic will most centenarians share in the future?
a. Being female
b. Having dementia
c. Being malnourished
d. Being wheelchair-bound
ANS: A
Feedback
A Correct. Researchers expect women to comprise the majority of
centenarians in the future.
B
Incorrect. Gerontologists expect dementia to be common among older
persons, but they are not predicting most centenarians will have
dementia.
C
Incorrect. Malnutrition is common among older persons, but researchers
have not predicted that most centenarians will be malnourished.
D Incorrect. Decreased mobility is common among older persons, but
researchers have not predicted that most centenarians will be confined to a
wheelchair.
DIF: Knowledge REF: 2
TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
3 | P a g e
OBJ: 37. Which statement describes aging in developing countries?
4 | P a g ea. Many developing countries have historically had many members live
to be centenarians.
b. The biggest problem for older persons will be lack of food.
c. Most of the world’s older persons are likely to reside in developing countries.
d. Like fertility, life expectancy is increasing, although at a different rate.
ANS: C
Feedback
A
B
Incorrect. Historically only 2% of the world’s population was defined as
old.
Incorrect. The biggest problem of the world’s oldest persons is most likely
to be lack of regular income.
C Correct. Developing countries contain 62% of the world’s older persons
already.
D Incorrect. Life expectancy is increasing, but fertility is decreasing
worldwide.
DIF: Knowledge REF: 4
OBJ: 3
TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Wellness
8. The nurse develops a community program to promote exercise for older persons.
Which of the following should the nurse include in the exercise program?
a. Reinforce the ease of exercising every day.
b. Use exercise to relax any dietary restrictions.
c. Describe ways to resume exercise after lapses.
d. Teach participants that exercise achieves wellness.
ANS: C
Feedback
A
NURSINGTB.COM
Incorrect. The nurse tells the participants that achieving wellness takes
work and regular effort. Instead of offering false hope, the nurse shares
practical advice about how to incorporate exercise into everyday life.
B
Incorrect. The nurse avoids suggesting that older persons can look
forward to relaxing dietary or medical restrictions by using a single
method because it is unethical to offer false hope, the plan can be
ineffective, and the plan can have
adverse effects.
C Correct. Because the path to wellness includes progression as well as
regression, the nurse shares information to help participants anticipate
these events. The nurse encourages participants by telling them to expect
periods of regression, that progress made up to that point is not lost, and
how to approach resumption in progress toward wellness with exercise.
D Incorrect. The nurse avoids instructing older persons to rely on one
method of achieving wellness because wellness is achieved by balancing
emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, and physical processes.
DIF: Application REF: 7
TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
9. Determinants of health are the underlying causes of illness and wellness. Which of
the following describes the older person who is likely to experience the best overall
health and well-being?
5 | P a g e
OBJ: 4a. Resides in assisted-living facility, watches television alone, uses herbal remedies,
6 | P a g eis underweight
b. Resides alone, was moved to a new city recently by the family for
their convenience, has osteoarthritis
c. Has prostate cancer with metastasis to the lungs, is receiving radiation
therapy, is wealthy, has a large family
d. Uses a wheelchair, has peripheral arterial disease, attends weekly baseball
games with three friends
ANS: D
Feedback
A
Incorrect. This older person is not thriving in an assisted-living facility,
despite having other people in the facility, as evidenced by television
viewing habits and weight, both potential indicators of depression. Various
aspects of this person’s life are unbalanced, thus inhibiting progress on the
path to optimal health and wellness. In addition, the use of herbal remedies
can be aggravating or precipitating the problems.
B
Incorrect. After a move to a new region, an older person, especially one
who lives alone and is moved to a new area for the family’s convenience,
is likely to experience loneliness and isolation until a new social network
is established.
Thus, although this person has a less-acute health problem, the social
isolation is likely to create significant disruption on the path to health and
wellness.
C
Incorrect. Although this older person’s financial resources are plentiful, the
existence of a large family does not ensure any type of psychosocial
support.
Most likely, this person faces a grim prognosis because the prostate cancer
has crossed the diaphragm, thus reducing the likelihood of a prolonged life.
D Correct. Despite a seriouschronic illness andmobi lity restrictions, this person has
a social network and planned activities with friends. Further, this older
person overcomes mobility issues to pursue personal interests; thus, this
person is most likely to experience the best health and well-being because
of an optimal functional status.
DIF: Analysis
REF: 6
TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
10. Which of the following nursing interventions represent a holistic approach to
caring for an older person?
a. Performs glucose testing during the weekly worship service
b. Wheels ambulatory adults to exercise when running late
c. Assigns female nurses to older female persons who are Muslim
d. Allows older persons in a nursing home to eat meals alone
ANS: C
Feedback
A
Incorrect. Interrupting an older person’s worship with glucose testing can
be interpreted as a lack of respect for spiritual needs. The nurse can
provide for and respect the physical and spiritual aspects of the older
person’s life by testing for
glucose before the service begins.
7 | P a g e
OBJ: 4B
Incorrect. In transporting the older persons to the exercise program in a
8 | P a g ewheelchair to save time, the nurse disregards the need for self-esteem and
exercise, important aspects of physical well-being. Ambulatory older
persons
can walk, with assistance if needed, to exercise programs and benefit from
the additional activity and independence.
C Correct. The nurse uses a holistic approach to the care of an older female
person who is Muslim because the woman and her family are more likely
to be willing participants in a therapeutic regimen that respects a tenet of
their culture.
D Incorrect. The nurse can be tempted to allow an older person to eat meals
alone in his or her room if this will motivate the person to eat or if the
older person has
dysphagia and is embarrassed. However, while focusing on physical needs,
the nurse ignores psychosocial and other aspects of health and well-being.
DIF: Comprehension
REF: 4
TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
11. An older-person male who resides in a nursing home has very high cholesterol levels.
Which nursing intervention is most likely to assist this man in achieving his highest
level of wellness?
a. Instruct him about increasing dietary fibre.
b. Ask the health care provider for a low-fat diet.
c. Schedule a consultation for him with the dietitian.
d. Review a menu with him to choose suitable foods.
ANS: D
Feedback
A
Incorrect. Informing the olderpersonaboutdietary fibre offers no control to the
older person because he is not part of the decision. Nursing interventions
developed with the older person’s collaboration are most likely to help him
achieve health and wellness.
B
Incorrect. Collaborating with the health care provider for a low-fat diet is a
reasonable approach to help this man with dyslipidemia achieve health and
wellness. However, the older person is more likely to have motivation and
enthusiasm for a therapeutic regimen over which he has some control.
C
Incorrect. This is a reasonable approach for an older person with
dyslipidemia and is a part of a multifaceted approach to optimizing his
health. However, he is more likely to engage in a regimen over which he
has input.
D Correct. The nurse collaborates with the older person to choose suitable
foods. This is likely to be an effective nursing intervention to help an older
person with dyslipidemia achieve optimal health and well-being because it
gives him some control over the regimen and thus engages him in the
process of lowering serum
cholesterol.
DIF: Analysis
REF: 7-8
OBJ: 2
TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
12. An older-person male living in an adult community becomes a widower one
month after retirement. Two months later, he has not resumed a weekly outing
with his fishing club. Which of the following should the nurse implement?
9 | P a g e
OBJ: 4a. Ask the older person why he is not fishing.
10 | P a g eb. Have club members visit him at home.
c. Meet with him to assess his interests.
d. Enroll him in a weekly card game.
ANS: C
Feedback
A
Incorrect. The nurse avoids confronting the older person, even in a gentle
manner. “Why” questions can be interpreted as confrontational, and the
man
may be unable or unwilling to articulate a reason.
B
Incorrect. The nurse avoids asking club members to visit him because it
removes the older person from the decision making. Although this effort
can be
well-meaning, it can be misinterpreted as an invasion of privacy.
C Correct. The nurse meets with the older person to determine how and
when to establish new relationships and social activities in light of his
wife’s death. Even though the man engaged in fishing beforehand, the
nurse respects the older person’s wishes and needs as he transitions to a
different life.
D Incorrect. The older person is much more likely to participate in an activity
in which he has input. In addition, the nurse’s action can be misinterpreted
as disrespectful because an adult has the right to control his own life.
DIF: Application REF: 7-8
TOP: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity
13. The nurse plans activities for female older persons born between 1930 and 1940 who
reside in an assisted-living facility. Which is the best intervention for the nurse to
implement?
a. Have them bake cookies twiceaweek.
b. Conduct interviews for specific interests.
c. Arrange dog and cat visits from volunteers.
d. Take them to the library for guest speakers.
ANS: B
Feedback
A
Incorrect. The nurse incorrectly presumes to know what activities they will
enjoy because most of these women are in their 80s, and women born
between 1930 and 1940 generally spent their lives as homemakers.
B Correct. The nurse conducts individual interviews with the older persons to
determine their interests and avoids generalizing, because as people live
longer, they become more and more unique.
C
Incorrect. The nurse should avoid arranging group activities until
individual interests are determined. In addition, the nurse must
assess for allergies and individual fears of animals before exposing an
older person to a pet visit.
D Incorrect. Unless it is done on a voluntary basis, the nurse should avoid
arranging visits by guest speakers. In addition, the nurse assesses each
older person before outside visits, to avoid embarrassing events related to
incontinence
and hearing and vision problems.
DIF: Analysis
11 | P a g e
REF: 8
OBJ: 1
OBJ: 2TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
12 | P a g e14. The nurse plans care for an older male adult who lives on Old Age Security pension
and a small pension after retirement, and has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which aspect
of this man’s life should the nurse integrate into a positive approach to his health
and well-being?
a. He practises effective glucose control.
b. He lives alone in a high-rise apartment.
c. He lacks low-cost, reliable transportation.
d. He attends weekly lunches at his local diner.
ANS: A
Feedback
A Correct. Practising effective glucose control demonstrates this man’s
resilience and capacity to effectively manage the challenges associated
with a chronic illness, and thus is a strength the nurse uses in a positive
approach toward his health and well-being.
B
Incorrect. Living alone is not ideal for an older person, especially one with
diabetes, because of the potential for loneliness and complications from
diabetes such as hypoglycemia. This is a negative aspect of this man’s life
and one which
has to be resolved for his safety and well-being.
C
Incorrect. The nurse cannot include this man’s transportation issues into
a positive plan because it is a problem to overcome, not a strength on
which to capitalize.
D Incorrect. Going out to lunch is a positive approach to maintaining good
mental health, although eating at a local diner may not be the best
approach for
controlling his diabetes mellitus.
DIF: Analysis
REF: 7-8 OBJ: 2
TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
15. Mrs. McCloud, 70 years old, lives in Attawapiskat and speaks mostly Cree. She is
transferred to a hospital in a larger city in Ontario for hemodialysis. While Mrs. M. is
in hospital, what should the nurse take into account when developing nursing
interventions based on health promotion?
a. Instruct the older person to monitor her fluid intake on an hourly basis.
b. Demonstrate, through pictures, how to eat a healthy, well-balanced diet.
c. Ask the older person about her home and how she accesses health care.
d. Ask the older person why she did not seek help sooner, to prevent the
need for hemodialysis.
ANS: C
Feedback
A
Incorrect. The nurse avoids instructing older persons to monitor their
own health, because patients are more likely to engage if they are asked if
they are able or want to do so.
B
Incorrect. Even though pictures might be a creative way to engage someone
who speaks another language, in isolated communities it is often
challenging and expensive to eat a healthy, well-balanced diet.
C Correct. When the nurse asks the older person about her home, the nurse
creates a personal connection with the older person. Finding out about
accessibility to
13 | P a g ehealth care is important, because services for older persons are limited in
rural and remote regions.
D Incorrect. Asking clients “why” questions can be construed as measuring,
evaluating, or confronting, and the older person may not be able to
articulate a reason.
DIF: Analysis
REF: 7
TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
16. Mr. Levesque, 65 years old, has been living on the street and in homeless shelters for
the last three years after having lost his job as a maintenance attendant at a local
store. He suffers from alcoholism and appears malnourished upon arrival at the
hospital, after falling on the sidewalk and injuring his left shoulder. When
implementing a primary health care approach, what is the main principle the nurse
should consider with this older person?
a. Health promotion
b. Accessibility
c. Primary care
d. Public participation
ANS: A
Feedback
A Correct. Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase
control over and improve their health. Health promotion addresses the
determinants of health. It includes health education, public education,
nutrition, sanitation, and
prevention and control of diseases.
B
Incorrect. Accessibility lookssolely ataccesstoheal th care services and how they can
be made more accessible; arriving at hospital indicates that accessibility
is not necessarily an issue for Mr. Levesque.
C
Incorrect. Primary care is not a principle of primary health care. Primary
care is the first contact people have with the health care system.
Principles of primary health care include accessibility, public
participation, health promotion,
appropriate technology, and intersectoral collaboration.
D Incorrect. Public participation implies that older persons are active
partners in making decisions about their health care and the health of
their communities. It is difficult to determine if this patient is able to make
decisions at this time about becoming an active participant in the health
needs of the community.
DIF: Application REF: 7
TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
17. To help meet the needs of an increasingly ethnoculturally diverse older-person
population, which of the following should be done?
a. Hire more male nurses.
b. Offer more second-language courses in nursing schools.
c. Provide more reading material in various languages.
d. Increase the number of health care providers from various cultures.
14 | P a g e
OBJ: 4
OBJ: 4ANS: D
Feedback
15 | P a g eA
B
C
Incorrect. Gender specific hiring would not address changes in
ethnocultural needs.
Incorrect. Offering courses in languages other than English would not
ensure various cultural needs have been met.
Incorrect. Reading materials are not often well utilized for teaching
purposes and also would not serve to meet a variety of ethnocultural
needs.
D Correct. Having more HCPs from various cultures would help address the
variety of cultures represented in the older-person age group and
increase
understanding as well as comfort levels.
DIF: Knowledge REF: 7
TOP: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care
Environment
OBJ: 3
16 | P a g eEDITION BY TOUHY Chapter 02: Gerontological Nursing History, Education, and Roles
MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following statements best identifies gerontological nursing? a. Nurses have only recently become involved in the care of the older person. b. Gerontological care, while important, is the smallest specialty group within the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA).
c. The purposes of gerontological nursing include promotion of health and support for maximal function.
d. Canadian Nurses Association certification is available only for gerontological nurses in research positions.
ANS: C Feedback
A B
Incorrect. Nurses have always cared for older-person patients.
Incorrect. Gerontological care is the largest specialty group within the Canadian Nurses Association.
C Correct. Promoting health and fostering independence are purposes of the practice, as reflected, for example, in the Canadian Gerontological Nursing Association’s Standards of Practice.
D Incorrect. The CNA certification program includes a variety of positions, such as nurse practitioners, clinical specialists, researchers, and administrators.
DIF: Knowledge REF: 17-18 OBJ: 1 TOP: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance [Show Less]