1. A nurse is striving to practice patient-centered care at a hospital. Which action best exemplifies providing patient-centered care?
A) Having a client
... [Show More] complete a self-reported functional status indicator and then reviewing it with the client
B) Explaining to a client the benefits of computer-assisted robotic surgical techniques, which the hospital recently implemented
C) Recording a client's signs and symptoms in an electronic health record
D) Performing continuous glucose monitoring of a client while the client is in the hospital
A nurse is caring for an older client who is struggling to manage her type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize which social determinants of this client's health? (Select all that apply.)
A) Household income of $23,000 per year
B) Reading level of a third grader
C) Medication ineffective due to error in prescription
D) Originally from Sudan
E) No family in the area
A nurse successfully persuades an obese client to perform a weekly weigh-in at home using a digital scale and record the weight in a log. This strategy is an example of:
A) Telehealth
B) Health information technology
C) Personal responsibility for health
D) Evidence-based nursing
4. A nurse performs a variety of tasks as part of the nurse's position at a hospital. Which task best exemplifies public health?
A) Reading current nursing journals and integrating the latest research into daily practice
B) Instructing a client on how to best care for a suture site at home
C) Participating in a videoconference call with a client who lives in a remote area
D) Facilitating a community-wide smoking cessation program one month out of the year
Public health nursing is distinguished from other specialties by adherence to eight principles. Which is one of the eight domains of public health nursing practice?
A) Analytic assessment skills
B) Investigation of disease
C) Referral and follow-up
D) Case management
Public health nursing is distinguished from other specialties by adherence to eight principles. Which is one of the eight domains of public health nursing practice?
A) Policy development and individual planning skills
B) Individual dimensions of practice skills
C) Financial planning and management skills
D) Leadership and individual critical thinking skills
Public health nursing is distinguished from other specialties by adherence to eight principles. Which are domains of public health nursing practice? (Select all that apply.)
A) Intuitive assessment skills
B) Community organization skills
C) Communication skills
D) Cultural competency skills
E) Product marketing skills
Which was a duty performed by district nurses in Liverpool, England, in 1865?
A) Use epidemiologic knowledge and methods
B) Encourage community organization
C) Report facts to and ask questions of physicians
D) Assist physicians with surgery in the newly constructed hospitals
9. Which is a Healthy People 2020 goal?
A) Decrease the incidence of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death
B) Reduce health inequity, decrease disparities, and improve the health of certain groups
C) Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
D) Promote healthy development and healthy behaviors for the geriatric stage of life
10. A nurse is coordinating a plan to bring vaccinations in a cost-effective way to a rural community that currently lacks access to them. This is an example of which public health intervention?
Surveillance
B) Outreach
C) Screening
D) Case management
The nurse is locating populations in her region who are exposed to lead-based paint and providing them with information regarding the dangers of lead poisoning. This is an example of which public health intervention?
A) Surveillance
B) Outreach
C) Screening
D) Case management
Select the great public health achievements in the United States in the 20th century. (Select all that apply.)
A) Elimination of common infectious diseases
B) Recognition of tobacco as a health hazard
C) Fluoridation of drinking water
D) Healthier mothers and babies
E) Decline in the percentage of obese and overweight people
13. Demographic characteristics indicate that people in developed countries are living longer, healthier lives, yet tremendous health and social disparities exist. Which describes social determinants of health?
A) What society does collectively to ensure the conditions exist in which people can be healthy
B) Social conditions in which people live and work
C) Context of preventing disease and disability and promoting and protecting the health of the entire community
D) Comprehensive management of health information and its secure exchange between consumers, providers, government and quality entities, and insurers
Why is there an increasing use of home monitoring devices? (Select all that apply.)
A) Rising number of people with acute conditions
B) Increased need to deliver healthcare to medically underserved populations
C) Advances in technology to assess clients' conditions in their home
D) Performing assessments in real time using Internet video systems
E) Decline in the number of older adults
Personal responsibility for health involves active participation in one's own health through education and lifestyle changes. Which exemplify personal responsibility? (Select all that apply.)
A) Reviewing one's own medical records
B) Monitoring the positive and negative effects of prescription and over-the-counter medications
C) Avoiding tobacco and recreational drug use
D) Showing up for scheduled tests and procedures
E) Eating the types of foods one most enjoys
16. Why has there been an increase in the number of acute and chronically ill people residing in the community who need professional nursing care?
A) Shorter length of stay in long-term care facilities
B) Increase in ambulatory surgery
C) Decrease in the use of outpatient clinics
D) Increase in length of stay in emergency departments Ans: B
17. Which organization publishes and articulates the essentials of public health nursing, including the activities and accountabilities that are characteristics of practice at all levels and settings?
A) Association of Community Health Nurse Educators (ACHNE)
B) American Nurses Association (ANA)
C) American Public Health Association (APHA)
D) Association of State and Territorial Directors of Nursing (ASTDN)
A high school graduate has decided to pursue a career in public health nursing. Which represents the minimum educational credential that this student will need to obtain entry into public health nursing practice?
A) Associate's
B) Baccalaureate
C) Master's
D) Doctorate
Who prepared a report for the Massachusetts Sanitary Commission that pointed out that much of the ill health and disability in American cities in 1850 could be traced to unsanitary conditions?
A) Clara Barton
B) Dorothea Dix
C) Lemuel Shattuck
D) Lillian Wald
Who achieved widespread recognition during the Civil War, distributing supplies to wounded soldiers and caring for the casualties with the help of a team of nurses?
A) Clara Barton
B) Dorothea Dix
C) Lemuel Shattuck
D) Lillian Wald
Which core functions of the government address the health of its citizens? (Select all that apply.)
A) Providing healthcare directly to its citizens
B) Assessing healthcare problems
C) Developing healthcare policy that provides access to services
D) Building state-of-the-art hospitals
E) Ensuring delivery of healthcare services and achievement of desired outcomes
1. Which characterizes physicians in France?
A) Physicians are evenly distributed between rural and urban areas
B) About 40% of physicians are women
C) Physician visits can take 15 to 30 minutes
D) Physicians see about 15 clients a day
2. A nurse is interested in exploring initiatives related to health, poverty, and development in Africa. Which organization would most likely be involved in such an initiative?
A) Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
B) Living Proof Project
C) International Committee of the Red Cross
D) Oxfam International
3. Which best describes a nongovernmental organization?
A) Agency that is based in only one country but provides services to many other countries
B) Agency that acquires resources to help others from private rather than public sources
C) A group that collects data related to healthcare use across a variety of professional and service parameters
D) An organization that uses endowed funds or private fundraising to address the needs of individuals, families, and populations
Which best exemplifies a bilateral agency?
A) The United Nations
B) The World Health Organization (WHO)
C) The World Bank
D) The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)
Which public health entities are often regulated by the U.S. federal government? (Select all that apply.)
A) Food
B) Medications
C) School health
D) Devices
E) Environment
A nurse is coordinating an initiative in the community to make sure that the healthcare needs of local refugees and asylees are recognized and addressed. Which federal agency should this nurse contact, as it is directly involved with the health and healthcare of refugees and asylees in the United States?
A) United States Department of Health and Human Services
B) National Institutes of Health
C) Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
D) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
7. Which best exemplifies a public health goal in the United States?
A) To restore the ability of an 80-year-old to perform activities of daily living after a stroke
B) To lobby for legislation that ensures the accessibility to health insurance on the basis of one's health
C) To develop treatments to address symptoms related to chemotherapy
D) To establish a free exercise program at a community center to promote fitness in a low-income neighborhood with high obesity rates
In the United States, the system of healthcare has historically given and continues to give stronger support to which types of care?
A) Individual care with a focus on cure
B) Community care with a focus on cure
C) Individual care with a focus on prevention
D) Community care with a focus on prevention
A nurse works predominantly with clients who are active military personnel. Which publically funded program provides health benefits to this population?
A) Medicare
B) Medicaid
C) TRICARE
D) CHIP
10. Which best describes a philanthropic organization?
A) Agency that is based in only one country but provides services to many other countries
B) Agency that acquires resources to help others from private rather than public sources
C) A group that collects data related to healthcare use across a variety of professional and service parameters
D) An organization that uses endowed funds or private fundraising to address the needs of individuals, families, and populations
Which country spends the most on healthcare?
A) Canada
B) England
C) Japan
D) United States
Which is the fastest growing healthcare expenditure in the United States?
A) Healthcare technology
B) Hospital care
C) Outpatient treatment and surgery
D) Prescription medications
National Health Expenditure Accounts are a measure of expenditures on healthcare goods and services in the United States. In the most recent set of estimates, expenditures totaled what percentage of U.S. health spending?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
The client is a single mother of two who earns minimum wage at a part-time job and never graduated from high school. Which healthcare-related outcomes is the client at increased risk for, based on her circumstances? (Select all that apply.)
A) Morbidity
B) Mortality
C) Genetic disorder
D) Difficulty accessing care
E) Negative outcomes when receiving care
The Department of Health and Human Services has identified several areas for which health disparities
exist among various demographic groups and need to be addressed. Which are included among these areas? (Select all that apply.)
A) Infant mortality
B) Cancer screening
C) Cardiovascular disease
D) Diabetes
E) End-stage renal disease
A nurse in the Canadian healthcare system is concerned because a client has been denied a surgical procedure that the nurse believes is essential to the client's recovery. Who should the nurse expect will have the most power to reverse this decision?
A) Nurse practitioner
B) Physicians
C) Private insurance company
D) Health administrator
Which is characteristic of the German healthcare system?
A) Health insurance payments based on risk, not income
B) Ambulatory care provided by centralized nonprofit hospitals
C) An average hospital stay of 9 days
D) Nurse practitioners operating independently
Which type of payment system does the Netherlands have?
A) Universal long-term payment system
B) Dual-level payment system
C) Private health insurance linked to employment
D) Free health insurance paid by the government
Which best describes a multilateral agency?
A) Is based in only one country but provides services to many other countries
B) Is responsible for the health and welfare of citizens nationally
C) Receives funding from both governmental and nongovernmental sources
D) Acquires resources to help others from private rather than public sources
The International Council of Nurses (ICN) is a federation of more than 130 national nurses associations, representing more than 13 million nurses worldwide. In which area is the International Council of Nurses particularly active?
A) Basic nursing practice
B) Secondary healthcare
C) Women's health
D) Safe immunization programs
A hurricane recently struck a nurse's hometown, and the nurse on behalf of the hospital is coordinating local relief efforts with nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Which organization should this nurse most expect to work with in this situation?
A) Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
B) Living Proof Project
C) International Committee of the Red Cross
D) Oxfam International
The nurse is passionate about research for a cure for pediatric leukemia and has written the state representatives in Congress to urge them to expand federal funding for this research. This behavior is an example of involvement in:
A) Policy
B) Politics
C) Public health
D) Equity
2. Which statements regarding the relationship between politics and healthcare are true? (Select all that apply.)
A) Politics has a limited effect on healthcare.
The government should be interested in health matters when a problem affects a specific group or a whole population.
C) Politics has only negative effects on healthcare.
D) Republicans and Democrats generally agree on healthcare policies.
E) Political solutions can be achieved at both the federal and state levels
3. The nurse is interested in taking on a role in the state's political decision-making process. Which political skills will the nurse need to be effective in this role? (Select all that apply.)
A) Ability to understand others' behaviors
B) Social skills
C) Diagnostic skills
D) Ability to network
E) Ability to lie convincingly
4. Which represents the correct order of events in the policy-making process?
A) 1) Policy formulation, 2) policy assessment, 3) policy adoption, 4) policy implementation, 5) policy modification, 6) setting an agenda
B) 1) Setting an agenda, 2) policy formulation, 3) policy assessment, 4) policy modification, 5) policy adoption, 6) policy implementation
C) 1) Policy formulation, 2) setting an agenda, 3) policy implementation, 4) policy modification, 5) policy assessment, 6) policy adoption
D) 1) Setting an agenda, 2) policy formulation, 3) policy adoption, 4) policy implementation, 5) policy assessment, 6) policy modification
The nurse meets with a group of fellow nurses. They discuss the number of children who have died in hot cars and how likely they are to gain support from their state legislators to address the problem. The nurses are currently in which step of the policy-making process?
A) Policy formulation
B) Policy adoption
C) Setting an agenda
D) Policy assessment
The hospital board is in the process of developing a policy regarding the use of cell phones within the hospital. At the current meeting, the board has decided to allow use of cell phones only within certain waiting areas within the hospital, and nowhere else. Which stage of policy-making does this action represent?
A) Policy formulation
B) Policy adoption
C) Policy implementation
D) Policy assessment
The hospital board is in the process of developing a policy regarding the use of cell phones within the hospital. After 6 months of a policy being in place and weeks of ongoing evaluation of the policy by individual board members, the board decided to expand the areas where cell phone use is permitted to include all waiting rooms and some client rooms. Which stage of policy-making does this action represent?
A) Policy modification
B) Policy adoption
C) Policy implementation
D) Policy assessment
The nurse applies a cost–benefit analysis to the healthcare model. Which costs are the primary concerns of the client? (Select all that apply.)
A) Total payment for the service
B) Out-of-pocket payment
C) Suffering and pain
D) Actual and direct cost of providing a service
E) Psychological costs
9. A client visits the office of an independent nurse practitioner to have routine blood work done. The client returns 1 week later for a follow-up visit to discuss the results and formulate a new treatment plan. On the basis of the client's insurance plan, the client is only obligated to pay $15 copay for this service. The total payment that the client's insurance company provides the practitioner is $180, which covers the $80 fee for a
15-minute visit and the $100 cost of laboratory services. On the basis of the nurse's current client load, $40 of the $80 fee for the visit covers overhead and the remaining
$40 is profit. In terms of cost–benefit analysis, which is the actual financial cost to the nurse for providing this service?
A) $100
B) $15
C) $180
D) $140 Ans: D Feedback:
A client receives Medicare, has limited income, and lives in a large city. Which factors are likely to limit the client's ability to access healthcare? (Select all that apply.)
A) Inability to afford supplemental insurance
B) Living in an urban environment
C) High out-of-pocket expenses
D) Preexisting conditions
E) Lack of in-network providers in her region
12. Which most accurately defines quality of care?
A) Degree to which health services increase the likelihood of desired outcomes and are consistent with current knowledge
B) Improvement of what is wrong or unsatisfactory
C) Economic approach or analysis tool used to evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment or intervention
D) Presence of a variety of ethnic, racial, and cultural backgrounds of the workers in a specific area such as the health sector
13. A nurse has just finished providing teaching and care to a child with type 1 diabetes. On the basis of the five dimensions of healthcare identified by the Institute of Medicine, indicators of quality care include that the child: (Select all that apply.)
A) Safely self-injected insulin in the office
B) Has maintained an appropriate blood glucose level consistently for 6 months
C) Was seen by the nurse 2 hours after arriving for a scheduled appointment
D) Received care that was identical to that provided to six other clients of various racial backgrounds
E) Received instructions directly from the nurse in the office, not via a parent
14. Nurses are effective and influential shapers of healthcare policy because of their expertise in: (Select all that apply.)
Clinical practice
B) Administration
C) Education
D) Political science
E) Research
15. Which represent ways nurses can actively engage in policy making? (Select all that apply.)
A) Testify at congressional hearings
B) Disseminate information on health issues in the media
C) Serve as members of governing boards
D) Document client symptoms following a physical examination
E) Review articles in recent nursing journals
Which is the primary way that U.S. federal government has encouraged improved information management in the healthcare system?
A) Publishing of guidelines for increased efficiency in filing client records
B) Tax deductions for the installation of new telephone systems
C) Reimbursement and bonuses for physicians and hospitals for adopting electronic health records
D) Grants for hiring office managers trained in health information technology
17. Which programs are funded by the Community Transformation Grant program? (Select all that apply.)
A) Tobacco-free living
B) Physical activity
C) Autism awareness
D) Healthy eating
E) Managing attention-deficit disorder
18. The nurse is working through an ethical dilemma using a decision-making process developed by the Ohio Nurses Association. After identifying the existence of the ethical dilemma, the next step in this process is to:
A) Clarify personal values and moral position
B) Determine options on the basis of consideration of benefits and risks
C) Make a responsible decision about actions or recommendations
D) Gather and analyze relevant information Ans: D
19. Select the nursing ethical principles established by the American Nurses Association's (ANA) Code of Ethics for Nurses? (Select all that apply.)
A) Compassion and respect for the dignity, worth, and uniqueness of every individual
B) Primary commitment to the physician
C) Promotion and advocacy to protect the client's health, safety, and rights
D) Participation in establishing, maintaining, and improving healthcare environments and conditions
E) Self-sufficiency and lack of dependence on other healthcare professionals in caring for the client
Which goals are part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), which was passed in 2010? (Select all that apply.)
A) Shifting the focus of the healthcare delivery system from prevention to treatment
B) Reducing the costs and improving the efficiency of healthcare
C) Allowing insurers to deny healthcare coverage on the basis of preexisting conditions
D) Expanding health insurance coverage
E) Expanding healthcare access to children [Show Less]