Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) - -- An enhanced bus system that operates on exclusive bus lanes or other transit rights-of-way. The system is designed to combine
... [Show More] the flexibility of buses with the efficiency of rail
- It does this through the provision of dedicated lanes, with busways and iconic stations typically aligned to the center of the road, off-board fare collection, and fast and frequent operations
-High Speed Rail (e.g. Spain's AVE) - -- Rail system that is faster than traditional rail because it has specialized design/tracks
- Facilitates fast/easy travel between cities
- Popular in Europe/Asia
- Spain: AVE system (goal to put 90% of pop. within 30 min of a station)
- Japanese bullet trains
- Much more efficient than cars/buses-fuel/capacity
-HyperLoop - -- An electric motor to accelerate a levitated pod through a low-pressure tube; the state of Colorado is being considered as a location for a large scale hyperloop track
-Hasselt, Belgium - -- Important traffic junction city in Belgium
- First city in the world to have a free public transport system--made public transport by bus free in 1997
-Complete Streets - -- Streets designed and operated so that all users, including pedestrians, bicyclists, motorists, and transit riders of all ages and abilities, can safely move along and across the streets
- Make it easy to cross the street, walk to shops, and bicycle to work. They allow buses to run on time and make it safe for people to walk to and from train stations
-Road Diets - -- Lane reduction- to achieve systemic improvements
- Ex: convert 4 lane undivided roadway section into 3 lanes, 2 through lanes and a center two-way left turn lane.
- Excess roadway can be allocated to bike lanes/parking/transit stops
-London Congestion Charge - -- A fee charged for some categories of motor vehicle to travel at certain times within the Congestion Charge Zone (CCZ), a traffic area in London
- The charge aims to reduce congestion and raise investment funds for London's transport system
- Between 7 am and 6 pm Monday-Friday
-Miami's Underline - -- A 10-mile park under the Miami High-line train system; has bike and walking paths that are completely separated from motor vehicle traffic
- Project to develop the space below the transit lines in Miami into an urban pedestrian/bike trail
like the high line in NYC but underneath
-Green Cycle Routes (Copenhagen) - -- An extensive network of bicycle paths that run through recreational areas of the city such as parks and waterfronts. This separated network of paths allows for cyclists to avoid automobile traffic and the safety hazards they pose.
- There are 110 planned and existing kilometers of routes throughout the city that are marked off with posts and signs for guidance to key destinations for the cyclists
-Dhaka, Bangladesh - -- Known for horrible traffic congestion, which lowers quality of life for residents
- 2nd least livable city in the world
- Poor air quality, extreme traffic, waterlogging, poor sanitation, lack of draining/sewage system, poor emergency services, overcrowded
- 2nd densest city in world
-Capital City Bikeshare - -- Capital Bikeshare (also abbreviated CaBi) is a bicycle sharing system that serves the DC metro area
- Very similar to the CitiBikes in NYC
-CitiBikes (New York) - -- Citi Bike is a privately owned public bicycle sharing system serving New York City and Jersey City, New Jersey
- Citi Bike moves thousands of bikes each day from places where they accumulate to places where they are scarce
- Can make money through late fees
-Roundabouts - -- Alternative option for low volume intersections that take up slightly more space but are very efficient, greatly reduce cost and energy usage (no stoplights)
- Reduce the number of fatal accidents and the centers of them can be made into greened features
-Naked Streets/Intersections - --Traffic calming concept in which streets are stripped of all road lanes and signs to force people to pay attention while driving; mental speed bumps
- Example: Charlottesville Downtown Mall
- Emphasizes the fact that the street is a shared space for all users
-Mental Speed Bumps - -- Uses the subconscious to get people to slow down while they are driving
- Examples- reclaiming the street by working outside, putting intriguing things around your street- make it a social space where kids play, people walk, etc
- Book by David Engwicht
- Approach to traffic calming, it also suggests dozens of activities people can undertake with their neighbors to reclaim their streets as social and civic spaces
- concluded that the most effective traffic calming measures are those residents of any given street initiate themselves
-Meadow Creek Stream Restoration - -- Stream in Charlottesville; goal is to prevent uncontrolled stormwater runoff and stream bank erosion; will improve water quality and aquatic habitats
- Meadow creek stream comes from Chesapeake Bay watershed
- Neglected b/c of urban growth
-iNaturalist - -- A social network service for naturalists for people to map global biodiversity
- Social media app that allows people to discuss the biodiversity around them, share with others
-Biophilia - -- Bond between human beings and other living things
- (E.O. Wilson) - innately emotional
we want increased awareness of nature, relationships with nature
-Biophilic Cities - -- Designed with goal to take every possible opportunity for greening within cities whether it be parks, green medians, hanging gardens, and providing opportunities for hiking, biking and interacting with nature.
- Outdoor/nature oriented city
- Significance: opportunities to be outside, education of nature/biodiversity, invest in social/physical infrastructure to bring urban residents closer to nature
- Portland, Vancouver
-Roger Ulrich - -- Researcher and professor who did the study that found that hospital recovery rooms that had a view of nature reported faster recovery time and reduced stress than those that did not have a view
- Proposed the Stress Recovery Theory (SRT)
- "View Through a Window May Influence Recovery from Surgery"
-Forest Bathing (Shinrin-yoku) - -- Japan- a short visit to the forest as a form of therapy
- Idea of therapy of walking in nature, reduces stress hormones and boosts immune system
- Significance: people who have a relationship with/interact with nature have better health
-Phipps Conservatory (Pittsburgh) - -- Botanical garden in Pittsburg
- Brings the outside inside, improves interior life
- Large botanical garden; purpose is to educate people on 'formal gardens'
- One of the greenest facilities in the world because it produces all of its own energy
-Credit Valley Hospital (Toronto) - -........
-Khoo Teck Puat Hospital (KTPH) - -- Hospital in Singapore
- Uses 30% less energy than other hospitals in Singapore
- Walls channel the prevailing winds to enhance air flow as well
- Uses redirected sunlight to light the patients' rooms
- Hospital in a garden
-Singapore's Landscape Replacement Policy - -- Have to make up natural replacement vertically on ground you construct on buildings that bloom, planted walls, vertical gardens
- Goal: doubling of a canopy coverage (40% by 2040)
- City in a forest/garden- Tree Id's as community engagement
- City in a Garden, WOHA architects
-Park Royal Hotel - -- Eco-friendly hotel in a garden concept
- rain sensors and natural sky gardens
- Innovative sustainability features
- Singapore
- Sky gardens, reflecting pools, waterfalls, planter terraces, green walls, vertical greenery
-Oasia Downtown Hotel - -- Tower of green in the heart of Singapore's dense Central Business District (CBD), Oasia Hot [Show Less]