Code/Phonics -based approach ✔✔refers to the alphabet . - Focus on alphabet letters, letter groups
and distinct speech sounds. - Emphasize learning
... [Show More] and combining speech sound units that make up
words and applying them to sounding out unfamiliar words
meaning based approach ✔✔involves asking a child to read a passage of text that is leveled
appropriately for the child, and then asking some explicit, detailed questions about the content of
the text (often these are called IRIs).
pseudo word assessments ✔✔This assesses students' ability to read unfamiliar, multi-syllabic
words, count the correct number of syllables in each word, and identify the vowel spelling patterns
in each syllable.
morphemic analysis skills ✔✔When a student comes across a new word and breaks it down into
segments in order to assess the meaning to certain parts and thus come to a more reasonable
definition then just guessing
key assessment concepts ✔✔validity, reliability, equity in testing
Phonemic awareness ✔✔Refers to the specific ability to focus on and manipulate individual
sounds (phonemes) in spoken words. For example, the word 'mat': /m/ /a/ /t/.phoneme ✔✔Smallest unit of speech distinguishing one word (or word element) from another, as
the element p in "tap," which separates that word from "tab," "tag," and "tan."
Phonological awareness ✔✔A meta-cognitive skill (i.e., an awareness/ability to think about one's
own thinking) for the sound structures of language. Allows one to attend to, discriminate,
remember, and manipulate sounds at the sentence, word, syllable, and phoneme (sound) level.
Phonics ✔✔A method of teaching people to read by correlating sounds with letters or groups of
letters in an alphabetic writing system. A way of teaching children how to read and write. For
example, when a child is taught the sounds for the letters t, p, a and s, they can start to build up the
words: "tap", "taps", "pat", "pats" and "sat". Word identification skills.
reciprocity ✔✔Something that can be learned from culture, upbringing, experience or influence,
or maybe they're just something you're born knowing.
Decoding ✔✔Involves translating printed words to sounds or reading
Encoding ✔✔Using individual sounds to build and write words.
Orthographic knowledge ✔✔Refers to the information that is stored in memory that tells us how
to represent spoken language in written form. [Show Less]