Dispositions ✔✔ Internal factors (beliefs, values, personality traits, abilities) that guide a person's behavior.
Fundamental Attribution Error
... [Show More] ✔✔ The failure to recognize the importance of situational influences + the tendency to overemphasize the importance of dispositions on behavior. (Lee Ross 1977)
Channel Factors ✔✔ Situational circumstances that appear unimportant on the surface but that can have great consequences for behavior: facilitating, blocking, or guiding it.
Gestalt Psychology ✔✔ Stresses that people perceive objects not by means of some automatic registering device but by active, usually nonconscious interpretation of that the object represents as a whole.
Construal ✔✔ People's interpretation/inference about the stimuli/situations they confront.
Stereotype ✔✔ A belief that certain attributes are characteristic of members of a particular group.
Schemas ✔✔ A knowledge structure consisting of any organized body of stored info.
Automatic vs. Controlled Processing ✔✔ Automatic -> Fight or flight, nonconscious processing (emotional?)
Controlled -> Conscious processing.
Nonconscious Processing ✔✔ Not knowing reasons behind why you believe certain things.
Theory of Mind ✔✔ Understanding that other people have beliefs and desires.
Parental Investment ✔✔ Evolutionary principle that costs and benefits are associated with reproduction and the nurturing of offspring.
Costs/benefits are different for males and females, so one gender will normally value and invest more in their children than will the other.
Naturalistic Fallacy ✔✔ The false claim that the way things are is the way they should be.
Independent Cultures (individualistic) ✔✔ Cultures in which people tend to think of themselves as distinct social entities, tied to each other by voluntary bonds of affection and organizational memberships but essentially separate from other people and having attributes that exist in the absence of any connection to others. [Show Less]