Herpes
A viral infection causing small painful blisters and inflammation, most commonly at the junction of skin and mucous membrane in the mouth or nose
... [Show More] or in the genitals; vesicular in nature; painful clustered vesicles on an erythematous base
Keratosis Pilaris
Redness and bumpiness in the cheeks or upper arms; caused by blocked follicles; chicken bumps or chicken skin; common in children - outgrow. treated with emollients and moisturizer
impetigo
bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture; honey crusted lesions; caused by strep pyogenes and staph aureus
bollous impetigo
treat with oral antibiotics
non-bollous impetigo
treat with bactoban/mupirocin ointment
Pityriasis Rosea
Presents with a herald patch, Christmas-tree pattern. back or abdomen; self limiting
brown recluse spider bite
Initial bite is painless
Vemon is necrotizing - reactions range from mild urticaria to full thickness necrosis. Lesion is a sinking macule, pale gray in color, slightly eroded in center, with halo of tender inflammation and hemorrhage; Lesion extends to muscle; tender, deep purple, white halo present around it with systemic symptoms
rocky mount spotted fever
treated the same of lyme disease - doxycycline; ALWAYS doxy - benefits outweigh the risk because mortality rate is huge. 3-5 days after initial S&S a rash will appear on the hands and soles of the feet. caused by a tick
lyme disease
Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Bulls eye lesion
treat with doxy - if allergic, amoxicillin
Rubeola
cough, congestion, conjunctivitis; 3-5 days later a rash will appear; L in measles, L in rubeola, L in Koplik's spots; prevent with MM; very contagious =. airborne; can lead to serious complications - PNA, encephalitis and permanent brain damage; don't get preg. w/in 4 weeks of having this vax; timeline: exposure -> 1 week later, contagious -> day 10: S&S start -> day 12-13; Kopliks spots -> day 15 fever subsided/rash appears -> day 22-24 rash resolves
Koplik's spots
Are small blue-white spots visible on the oral mucosa and are characteristic of measles infection. spots in the mouth that
appear like tiny grains of sand surrounded by
an erythematous halo on the buccal mucosa
parotid gland swelling
most common symptom of mumps
parotitis
inflammation of the parotid gland
Sialolithiasis
presence of salivary stones
actinic keratosis
a precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin; dry pink lesions on a sun exposed area; treat with 5-FU or cryotherapy; can lead to cancer (squamous cell carcinoma)
squamous cell carcinoma
malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis; scaly, ulcerated, bleeds easily
Cafe au lait spots
Smooth edged tan-to-brown pigmentations on the skin; hyperpigmentation of the skin; traditionally benign unless there is more than 8 which can inficate neurofibromatosis
malignant melanoma
Most serious form of skin cancer; often characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised. ABCDE - asymmetry, boarder irregularity, color variation, diameter >6, elevation; black spots under the fingernail
black lines in finger nails, endocarditis, splinter hemorrhages
other signs of melanoma
seborrheic dermatitis
an inflammation that causes scaling and itching of the upper layers of the skin or scalp; benign
basal cell carcinoma
Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules.
Telangiectasia
skin lesion due to permanently enlarged and dilated blood vessels that are visible; there are visible blood vessels across the lesion; shiny, waxy, pearly in nature; associated with BCC
contact dermatitis
An inflammation of the skin caused by having contact with certain chemicals or substances; many of these substances are used in cosmetology. topical steroids/ avoid irritant; immediate and in
relation to an irritant; more localized/linear
Shingles
A reactivation of the chickenpox virus in the body, causing a painful rash.across a dermatome,
vesciular described as burning and tingling at
the site before the rash appears; Consider if reporting pain on one
side of body then a few days later with a rash. REFER out if close to the eyes (risk for permanent blindness or corneal scaring; prevent with Shringrix (inactivated)
unstageable pressure ulcer
base of ulcer covered by slough and/or eschar in the wound bed. cannot see depth of wound bed due to presence of slouth
Stage 1 pressure ulcer
intact skin with nonblanchable redness; foam dressings to prevent further damage
eschar on heels
seen in diabetics
should we remove it? as long as there is no signs of infections it should not be removed or soaked
when all the lesions are crusted over
when can child return to school or daycare after chicken pox
Head lice
Parasitic insects that live on the hair shaft and cause itching; incessant pruritic throughout the day and night; treat with permetherin - only kills the lice that are alive
nits or eggs need to be combed out may need second treatment very important to wash bedding in hot wanter
Molluscum contagiosum
wart-like growths that look like small pimples filled with kernels of corn; impregnated or have dimples; self-limiting
anthrax
seen in cattle farmers; ulcerated, black and painless. treat with Cipro x2 months or tetracyclin [Show Less]