RN VATI Pharmacology 2019 EXAM
A nurse is preparing to administer diclofenac to a client who has chronic bursitis. Which of the following
actions should
... [Show More] the nurse take?
a. administer the medication at bedtime
b. avoid administering the medication with antacids
c. administer the medication with food
d. crush the medication prior to administration
Administer the medication with food
Diclofenac is an NSAID and can cause gastric irritation. Clients should take NSAIDs with food or milk to
minimize gastric irritation.he nurse should not administer the medication at bedtime because the client
should remain upright for 15 to 30 min after administration to prevent esophageal irritation. Diclofenac
is available as an enteric-coated tablet for delayed release. Clients should not crush or chew sustainedrelease medications because doing so will increase gastrointestinal adverse effects and decrease the
effectiveness of the medication.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has asthma and a prescription for methylprednisolone. Which
of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor while the client is receiving this medication?
a. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
b. Fibrin split products
c. BUN
d. Glucose
Glucose
Methylprednisolone therapy increases the synthesis of glucose and decreases the uptake of glucose by
the muscles and adipose tissues, resulting in increased circulating glucose. Therefore, it is important for
the nurse to monitor blood glucose levels regularly while clients are receiving corticosteroid therapy.
Aspartate aminotransferase is an enzyme that is present in the heart, liver, skeletal muscles, and other
highly metabolic tissues. AST levels are increased in conditions that cause cellular injury, such as liver
disease; however, methylprednisolone therapy does not affect AST levels. Fibrin split products are
present in the serum when thromboses are present. Increased levels of fibrin split products can increase
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC); however, methylprednisolone therapy does not affect
blood clotting. BUN levels reflect kidney function and glomerular filtration. Hydration status and
nephrotoxic medications can alter BUN levels; however, methylprednisolone therapy does not affect
renal function.
A nurse is caring for a client who is postmenopausal and has a prescription for raloxifene. The nurse
should instruct the client that raloxifene is prescribed for which of the following reasons?
a. To treat irritable bowel syndrome
b. To reduce the risk for breast cancer
c. To reduce the occurrence of hot flashes
d. To lower the risk of pulmonary embolism
To reduce the risk for breast cancer
Raloxifene can lower the risk for breast cancer in postmenopausal clients who have a high risk for
developing estrogen-receptive types of breast cancer. The medication also reduces the risk for and can
treat postmenopausal osteoporosis.Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator. In clients who
are postmenopausal, it can reduce the risk for and treat osteoporosis and protect against breast cancer.
Hot flashes are an adverse effect of raloxifene. Raloxifene reduces the occurrence of fractures related to
osteoporosis and reduces the cholesterol level in clients who are postmenopausal.Raloxifene can cause
several significant cardiovascular and respiratory adverse effects, such as thromboembolism, stroke,
peripheral edema, pneumonia, and the development of pulmonary emboli. Clients should not take this
medication prior to periods of prolonged immobilization, such as surgery. A history of thromboembolic
events is a contraindication for taking this medication [Show Less]