RN Pharmacology Final Exam with Complete Solution 2022/2023
A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure disorder. The medication
... [Show More] has a long half-life of 4 days. How many times per day should the nurse expect to administer this medication?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
{{Correct Ans- A. Medications with long half-lives remain at their therapeutic levels between doses for long periods of time. The nurse should expect to administer this medication once a day.
A staff educator is reviewing medication dosages and factors that influence medication metabolism with a group of nurses at an in-service presentation. Which of the following factors should the educator include as a reason to administer lower medication dosages? (Select all that apply.)
A. Increased renal secretion
B. Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes
C. Liver failure
D. Peripheral vascular disease
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
{{Correct Ans- :
C. Liver failure decreases metabolism and thus increases the concentration of a medication. This requires decreasing the dosage.
E. When the same pathway metabolizes two medications, they compete for metabolism, thereby increasing the concentration of one or both medications. This requires decreasing the dosage of one or both medications.
A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
A.have the client lie on her side.
B.Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.
C.Tell the client to blink when the drops enter her eye.
D.Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.
E.Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
{{Correct Ans-
B. The client should look upward to keep the drops from falling onto her cornea.
D. The nurse should drop the medication into the center of the conjunctival sac to promote distribution.
E. The client should close her eye gently to promote distribution of the medication
A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for transdermal patches. Which of the following
statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client
understands the instructions?
A."I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch."
B."I will rotate the application sites weekly."
C."I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
D."I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch.
{{Correct Ans- C. The client should apply the patch to a hairless area of skin to promote absorption of the medication.
A nurse reviewing a client's
medical record notes a new prescription for verifying the trough
level of the client's medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A.Obtain a blood specimen
immediately prior to
administering the next
dose of medication.
B.Verify that the client has
been taking the medication
for 24 hr before obtaining
a blood specimen.
C.Ask the client to pr
ovide a urine specimen after the next dose of medication.
D.Administer the medication,and obtain a blood specimen 30 min late
{{Correct Ans- A. To verify trough levels of a medication, the
nurse should obtain a blood specimen immediately
before administering the next dose of medication.
A nurse is preparing a client's medications. Which of the following actions should the nurse take in following legal practice
guidelines? (Select all that apply.)
A.maintain skill competency.
B.Determine the dosage.
C. monitor for adverse effects.
D.Safeguard medications.
E.Identify the client's diagnosis
{{Correct Ans-
A.maintaining skill competency and using appropriate
administration techniques are legal responsibilities of the nurse
C. A nurse is legally responsible for monitoring
for side and adverse effects of medication
D. Safeguarding of medications, such as controlled
substances, is a legal responsibility of the nurse
A nurse reviewing a client's health record notes a new prescription for lisinopril 10 mg PO once every day. The nurse should identify this as which of the following types of prescription?
A.Single
B.Stat
C.Routine
D.Standing
{{Correct Ans- C. A routine or standard prescription identifies medications
to give on a regular schedule with or without a termination
date or a specific number of doses. The nurse will administer
this medication every day until the provider discontinues it.
A nurse is reviewing a new
prescription for ondansetron 4 mg
PO PRN for nausea and vomiting for a client who has hyperemesis
gravidarum. The nurse should clarify which of the following parts of the
prescription with the provider?
A.Name
B.Dosage
C.Route
D.Frequency
{{Correct Ans- D. This prescription does not include the time or frequency of medication administration. The nurse must clarify this with the prescribing provide
A nurse is admitting a client and completing a preassessment before administering medications.
Which of the following data
should the nurse include in the preassessment? (Select all that apply.)
A.Use of herbal teas
B.Daily fluid intake
C.Current health status
D.Previous surgical history
E.Food allergies
{{Correct Ans- A. The nurse should inquire about the client's use of herbal products, which often contain caffeine, prior to medication
administration because caffeine can affect medication biotransformation
C. The nurse should review the client's current health status
because new prescriptions can cause alterations in current health status [Show Less]