Respiratory practice test ATI
1. A nurse in a provider’s office is collecting data from a client who states he was recently exposed to tuberculosis.
... [Show More] Which of the following findings is a clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis?
A. Pericardial friction rub B. Weight gain C. Night sweats D. Cyanosis of the fingertips
** Night sweats and fever are clinical manifestations of tuberculosis.
2. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following acid-base imbalances?
A. Respiratory alkalosis B. Respiratory acidosis C. Metabolic alkalosis D. Metabolic acidosis
** Respiratory acidosis is a common complication of COPD. This complication occurs because clients who have COPD are unable to exhale carbon dioxide due to a loss of elastic recoil in the lungs.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy with an inflated cuff in place. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should suction the client’s airway secretions?
A. The client is unable to speak. B. The client’s airway secretions were last suctioned 2 hr. ago. C. The client coughs and expectorates a large mucous plug. D. The client has coarse crackles in the lung fields.
** The nurse should auscultate coarse crackles or rhonchi, identify a moist cough, hear, or see secretions in the tracheostomy tube, and then suction the client’s airway secretions.
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4. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about pulmonary function test. Which of the following tests measures the volume of air the lungs can hold at the end maximum inhalation?
A. Total lung capacity B. Vital lung capacity C. Functional residual capacity D. Residual volume
** Pulmonary function tests are used to examine the effectiveness of the lungs and identify lung problems. Total lung capacity measures the amount of air the lungs can hold after maximum inhalation.
5. A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client following placement of a chest tube 1 hr. ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
A. Clamp the chest tube if there is continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber. B. Keep the chest tube drainage system at the level of the right atrium. C. Tape all connections between the chest tube and drainage system. D. Empty the collection chamber and record the amount of drainage every 8 hr.
** The nurse should tape all connections to ensure that the system is airtight and prevent the chest tubing from accidently disconnecting.
6. A nurse is assisting with the care for a client who had a chest tube inserted 12 hr ago. The nurse notes a cracking sensation upon palpation of the skin on the right side of the client’s chest. The nurse should notify the charge nurse that the client is demonstrating a clinical manifestation of which of the following complications?
A. Friction rub B. Crackles C. Crepitus D. Tactile fremitus
** Crepitus, also called subcutaneous emphysema, is a coarse crackling sensation that the nurse can feel when palpating the skin surface over the client’s chest. Crepitus indicates an air leak into the subcutaneous tissue, which is often a clinical manifestation of a pneumothorax.
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7. A nurse in an urgent care clinic is collecting data from a client who reports exposure to anthrax. Which of the following findings is an indication of the prodromal stage of inhalation anthrax?
A. Dry cough B. Rhinitis C. Sore throat D. Swollen lymph nodes
** The client who has a dry cough has a clinical manifestation found in the prodromal stage of inhalation anthrax. During this stage, it is difficult to distinguish from influenza or pneumonia because there is no sore throat or rhinitis.
8. A nurse on a medical unit is assisting with the care of a client who has a possible closed pneumothorax and significant bruising of the left chest following a motor-vehicle crash. The client reports severe left chest pain on inspiration. The nurse should hear which of the following findings when auscultating the client’s lung sounds?
A. Absence of breath sounds B. Expiratory wheezing C. Inspiratory stridor D. Rhonchi
** A client who has pneumothorax experiences severely diminished or absent breath sounds on the affected side.
9. A nurse in a clinic is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to have tuberculin skin test. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
A. “If the test is positive, it means you have an active case of tuberculosis.” B. “If the test is positive, you should have another tuberculin skin test in 3 weeks.” C. “You must return to the clinic to have the test rea d in 2 or 3 days.” D. “A nurse will use a small lancet to scratch the skin of your forearm before applying the tuberculin substance.”
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** The client should have the skin test read in 2 to 3 days. An area of induration after 48 to 72 hr. indicates exposure to the tubercle bacillus. If the client does not return to have the test read within 72 hr., another skin test is necessary.
10. A nurse is assisting with discharge teaching for a client who is postoperative following a rhinoplasty. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. “Apply warm compresses to the face.” B. “Take aspirin 650 milligrams by mouth for mild pain.” C. “Close your mouth when sneezing.” D. “Lie on your back with your head elevated 30 degrees when resting.”
** The nurse should instruct the client to rest in the semi-fowler’s position to prevent aspiration of nasal secretions.
11. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has cystic fibrosis and a prescription for daily chest physiotherapy. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following is the purpose of these treatments.
A. To encourage deep breaths B. To mobilize secretions in the airways C. To dilate the bronchioles D. To stimulate the cough reflex
** The purpose of chest physiotherapy is to loosen the client’s secretions and promote drainage of secretions from the lungs. Chest physiotherapy includes percussion, vibration, and promotion of drainage by gravity.
12. A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching with a client who is to undergo a pneumonectomy. The client states, “I am afraid it will hurt to cough after the surgery.” Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
A. “After the surgeon removes the lung, you will not need to cough.” B. “I’ll make sure you get a cough suppressant to keep you from straining the incision when you cough.”
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C. “Don’t worry. You will have a pump that delivers pain medication [Show Less]