colder temperatures related to lipid saturation and cholesterol in membranes: - ✔✔ more unsaturated fatty acids
less cholesterol
respiratory
... [Show More] minute volume - ✔✔ The amount of air moved into and out of the respiratory system each minute
total lung capacity - ✔✔ vital capacity + residual volume
expiratory reserve volume - ✔✔ Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation
Residue Volume - ✔✔ amount of air that remains in your system after full expiration, never leaves system
batch reactor - ✔✔ s the simplest, the reactants are allowed to work together within the reactor for a period without further additions from outside and the final products are removed before new reactants are added.
Continuous flow reactor: - ✔✔ without mixing, reactants enter continuously at one end then flow the length of the reactor with little or no lengthwise mixing.
continuous flow reactor with mixing - ✔✔ reactants enter at different times mix with each other for as long as they stay in the reactor, when materials exit they are mixtures of products derived from reactants that entered at different times.
heterotrophs - ✔✔ require organic compounds of external origin and break them down to release energy.
autotrophs - ✔✔ synthesize organic molecules from inorganic precursors using non-organic energy sources. Some autotrophs are photosynthetic and others are chemosynthetic.
The ______is typically associated with more basic function and motor control whereas the _____is typically assocaited with higher sensory function and learning - ✔✔ Hindbrain
Forebrain
what are the parts of the brain? - ✔✔ forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain
______ of the cerebral cortex is involved in processing vision and is found_____ - ✔✔ The occipital lobe
Near the back of the brain
mid brain function - ✔✔ controls arousal, visual and auditory reflexes, and voluntary movement
function of cerebellum - ✔✔ Balance and coordination
warmer temperatures related to lipid saturation and cholesterol in membranes: - ✔✔ more saturated fatty acids, more cholesterol
Which of the following represents the "bottom-up" biological hierarchy of organization for animal physiology? - ✔✔ genes --> tissue-specific function --> tissue function --> whole organism function
Fish that live _____ are more likely to exhibit regulatory strategies for metabolic rates across a broad range of concentrations of oxygen in the water. - ✔✔ in water with low oxygen availability such as slow-moving streams
Oxygen passes ______through the lipid membrane while water needs aquaporins - ✔✔ passively
__________ refers to a set of metabolic reactions that converts chemical energy from oxygen molecules into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). - ✔✔ Aerobic respiration
Two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane that does not allow the passage of proteins. In solution A, the Na+ concentration is 20 mol/L, the Protein- concentration is 30 mol/L. In solution B, the Na+ concentration is 20 mol/L, the Cl- concentration is 30 mol/L. Select the two most likely events to occur via diffusion in the correct order - ✔✔ Cl-will diffuse into A followed by the diffusion of Na due to electrical gradient.
Understand the costs and benefits of endosymbiosis: - ✔✔ a.) mitochondria recieve protection from the external environment.
b.) mitochondria and chloroplast contain DNA not found in the nucleus
c.) which of the following explain the ultimate mechanisms underlying the orgin of the endosymbiotic theory? Prokarotes gain a superior source of energy, whereas ancestral mitochondria gain protection
Understand the broad differences between digestion types. - ✔✔ a.) In continuous flow with mixing reactor digestive systems, when material exit they are mixing of products derived from the reactants that entered at different times.
b.) During osmotic diarrhea, substartes are poorly absorbed
c.) Hindgut fermenters are known for comsuning their feces for vitmain B.
which of the following answers are all associated with a reduced rate of diffusion? - ✔✔ high viscosity
low concentration gradient
increased distance between solutions
Understand the relationship between enzyme affinity and saturation constants. - ✔✔ the substrate with low enzyme affinity has higher half-saturation constants
as the substrate concnetration increases, the reaction velocity of a particular enzyme increases relative to the - ✔✔ number of unbound enzymes
As substrate concentration increases, the reaction velocity of a particular enzyme increases - ✔✔ relative to the number of unbound enzymes
Afterplacing a cell into a solution, the cell shrinks which suggests the solution is - ✔✔ hypertonic to the cell [Show Less]